安卓Retrofit的基本操作

後臺地址:https://github.com/TrillGates/SOBAndroidMiniWeb

教學視頻:https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV19J411p7pY?p=3

使用單例模式

public class RetrofitManager {
    private static Retrofit retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder()
            .baseUrl("http://10.0.2.2:9102")
            .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create())
            .build();

    public static Retrofit getRetrofit(){
        return retrofit;
    }

}

API接口,其中<>裏面的都是用GsonFormat依據返回格式自動生成的Bean類

public interface API {
    @GET("get/text")
    Call<GetTextItem> getJson();

    @GET("get/text")
    Call<ResponseBody> getJson1();

    @GET("/get/param")
    Call<GetParamsItem> getWithParams(@Query("keyword")String keyword,@Query("page")String page
            ,@Query("order")String order);

}

1.使用Gson來解析json

GetTextItem是使用GsonFormat規範化出來的class類

public void getRequest(View view) {
        API api = RetrofitManager.getRetrofit().create(API.class);
        Call<ResponseBody> call = api.getJson1();
        call.enqueue(new Callback<ResponseBody>() {
            @Override
            public void onResponse(Call<ResponseBody> call, Response<ResponseBody> response) {
                try {
                    Log.e(TAG, "onResponse: " + response.code());
                    if (response.code() == 200) {
                        String jsonstr = response.body().string();
                        Gson gson = new Gson();
                        GetTextItem getTextItem = gson.fromJson(jsonstr, GetTextItem.class);
                        updateUI(getTextItem);
                    }
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }

            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call<ResponseBody> call, Throwable t) {
                Log.e(TAG, "onFailure: " + t.toString());
            }
        });
    }

2.轉換器方式(可以直接轉換爲對象,很方便)

implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.8.1'

public void converter(View view) {

        API api = RetrofitManager.getRetrofit().create(API.class);
        Call<GetTextItem> call = api.getJson();
        call.enqueue(new Callback<GetTextItem>() {
            @Override
            public void onResponse(Call<GetTextItem> call, Response<GetTextItem> response) {
                Log.e(TAG, "onResponse: "+response.code() );
                GetTextItem  getTextItem = response.body();
                updateUI(getTextItem);
            }

            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call<GetTextItem> call, Throwable t) {
                Log.e(TAG, "onFailure: "+t.toString() );
            }
        });
    }

get請求帶參數

public void getWithParams(View view) {
        API api = RetrofitManager.getRetrofit().create(API.class);
        Call<GetParamsItem> withParams = api.getWithParams("key", "12", "0");
        withParams.enqueue(new Callback<GetParamsItem>() {
            @Override
            public void onResponse(Call<GetParamsItem> call, Response<GetParamsItem> response) {
                Log.e(TAG, "onResponse: " + response.code());
                GetParamsItem getParamsItem = response.body();
                Log.e(TAG, "onResponse: " + getParamsItem.toString());
            }

            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call<GetParamsItem> call, Throwable t) {
                Log.e(TAG, "onFailure: " + t.toString());
            }
        });
    }

如果參數過多可以使用一個QueryMap來寫參數

@GET("/get/param")
    Call<GetParamsItem> getWithParams(@QueryMap Map<String,Object> map);

public void getWithParamsMap(View view) {
        API api = RetrofitManager.getRetrofit().create(API.class);
        Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("keyword","key");
        map.put("page",12);
        map.put("order","1");
        Call<GetParamsItem> withParams = api.getWithParams(map);
        withParams.enqueue(new Callback<GetParamsItem>() {
            @Override
            public void onResponse(Call<GetParamsItem> call, Response<GetParamsItem> response) {
                Log.e(TAG, "onResponse: " + response.code());
                GetParamsItem getParamsItem = response.body();
                Log.e(TAG, "onResponse: " + getParamsItem.toString());
            }

            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call<GetParamsItem> call, Throwable t) {
                Log.e(TAG, "onFailure: " + t.toString());
            }
        });
    }

4.post請求一個字符串

 @POST("/post/string")
    Call<PostParamsItem> postWithParams(@Query("string") String content);

 public void postWithParams(View view) {
        API api = RetrofitManager.getRetrofit().create(API.class);
        Call<PostParamsItem> task = api.postWithParams("string");
        task.enqueue(new Callback<PostParamsItem>() {
            @Override
            public void onResponse(Call<PostParamsItem> call, Response<PostParamsItem> response) {
                Log.e(TAG, "onResponse: "+response.code());
                PostParamsItem body = response.body();
                Log.e(TAG, "onResponse: "+body.toString() );
            }

            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call<PostParamsItem> call, Throwable t) {

            }
        });
    }

5.提交字符串

使用url註解實現4

@POST
    Call<PostParamsItem> postWithUrl(@Url String url);

public void postWithUrl(View view) {
        API api = RetrofitManager.getRetrofit().create(API.class);
        Call<PostParamsItem> task = api.postWithUrl("/post/string?string=123");
        task.enqueue(new Callback<PostParamsItem>() {
            @Override
            public void onResponse(Call<PostParamsItem> call, Response<PostParamsItem> response) {
                Log.e(TAG, "onResponse: "+response.code());
                PostParamsItem body = response.body();
                Log.e(TAG, "onResponse: "+body.toString() );
            }

            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call<PostParamsItem> call, Throwable t) {

            }
        });
    }

6.提交評論

@Body註解

把要提交的數據寫成一個bean類,用gsonFormat快速生成

@POST("/post/comment")
    Call<PostParamsItem> postWithBody(@Body CommandItem commandItem);

public void postWithBody(View view) {
        API api = RetrofitManager.getRetrofit().create(API.class);
        CommandItem commandItem = new CommandItem("123","1231456");
        Call<PostParamsItem> task = api.postWithBody(commandItem);
        task.enqueue(new Callback<PostParamsItem>() {
            @Override
            public void onResponse(Call<PostParamsItem> call, Response<PostParamsItem> response) {
                Log.e(TAG, "onResponse: "+response.code());
                PostParamsItem body = response.body();
                Log.e(TAG, "onResponse: "+body.toString() );
            }

            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call<PostParamsItem> call, Throwable t) {

            }
        });
    }

7.上傳單文件

@Part註解和@Multipart註解

    @Multipart
    @POST("/file/upload")
    Call<PostFileItem> postWithFile(@Part MultipartBody.Part part);//進去Part源碼可以看到接收什麼參數

代碼可以倒着寫,需要什麼就補充什麼,從api.postWithFile()倒着往回寫

還需要申請讀取外部存儲的權限

public void postWithPart(View view) {
        API api = RetrofitManager.getRetrofit().create(API.class);
        File file = new File("/storage/self/primary/Download/u=2604811881,2055398559&fm=173&app=49&f=JPEG (1).jpg");
        RequestBody body = RequestBody.create(file,MediaType.parse("image/jpeg"));
        MultipartBody.Part part = MultipartBody.Part.createFormData("file",file.getName(),body);
        Call<PostFileItem> task = api.postWithFile(part);
        task.enqueue(new Callback<PostFileItem>() {
            @Override
            public void onResponse(Call<PostFileItem> call, Response<PostFileItem> response) {
                Log.e(TAG, "onResponse: "+response.code());
                Log.e(TAG, "onResponse: "+response.body() );
            }

            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call<PostFileItem> call, Throwable t) {
                Log.e(TAG, "onFailure: "+t.toString() );
            }
        });
    }

8.上傳多文件

@Multipart
    @POST("/files/upload")
    Call<PostFileItem> postWithFiles(@Part List<MultipartBody.Part> parts);

 private MultipartBody.Part ReturnPart(String path,String key){
        File file = new File(path);
        RequestBody body = RequestBody.create(file,MediaType.parse("image/jpeg"));
        MultipartBody.Part part = MultipartBody.Part.createFormData(key,file.getName(),body);
        return part;
    }

 public void postWithFiles(View view) {
        API api = RetrofitManager.getRetrofit().create(API.class);
        List<MultipartBody.Part> parts = new ArrayList<>();
        String path1 = "/storage/self/primary/Download/u=2604811881,2055398559&fm=173&app=49&f=JPEG (1).jpg";
        String path2 = "/storage/self/primary/Download/u=2604811881,2055398559&fm=173&app=49&f=JPEG.jpg";
        String path3 = "/storage/self/primary/Download/u=3340390700,4267772580&fm=173&app=49&f=JPEG.jpg";
        parts.add(ReturnPart(path1,"files"));
        parts.add(ReturnPart(path2,"files"));
        parts.add(ReturnPart(path3,"files"));
        Call<PostFileItem> task = api.postWithFiles(parts);
        task.enqueue(new Callback<PostFileItem>() {
            @Override
            public void onResponse(Call<PostFileItem> call, Response<PostFileItem> response) {
                Log.e(TAG, "onResponse: "+response.code());
            }

            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call<PostFileItem> call, Throwable t) {
                Log.e(TAG, "onFailure: "+t.toString() );
            }
        });
    }

9上傳文件並提交信息

@Multipart
    @POST("/file/params/upload")
    Call<PostFileItem> postFileWithParams(@Part MultipartBody.Part part,
                                          @PartMap Map<String,String> params);

public void postFileWithParams(View view) {
        API api = RetrofitManager.getRetrofit().create(API.class);
        String path = "/storage/self/primary/Download/u=2604811881,2055398559&fm=173&app=49&f=JPEG (1).jpg";
        MultipartBody.Part part = ReturnPart(path, "file");
        Map<String,String> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("description","4567");
        map.put("isFree","false");
        Call<PostFileItem> task = api.postFileWithParams(part,map);

        task.enqueue(new Callback<PostFileItem>() {
            @Override
            public void onResponse(Call<PostFileItem> call, Response<PostFileItem> response) {
                Log.e(TAG, "onResponse: "+response.code() );
                Log.e(TAG, "onResponse: "+response.body().toString() );
            }

            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call<PostFileItem> call, Throwable t) {
                Log.e(TAG, "onFailure: "+t.toString() );
            }
        });
    }

10.表單提交

@FormUrlEncoded
    @POST("/login")
    Call<LoginItem> postLoginWithForm(@Field("userName") String userName,@Field("password") String password);

public void postLogin(View view) {
        API api = RetrofitManager.getRetrofit().create(API.class);
        Call<LoginItem> task = api.postLoginWithForm("123", "123");
        task.enqueue(new Callback<LoginItem>() {
            @Override
            public void onResponse(Call<LoginItem> call, Response<LoginItem> response) {
                Log.e(TAG, "onResponse: "+response.code());
                Log.e(TAG, "onResponse: "+response.body().toString() );

            }

            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call<LoginItem> call, Throwable t) {
                Log.e(TAG, "onFailure: "+t.toString() );
            }
        });
    }

也可以改爲一個FiledMap

@FormUrlEncoded
    @POST("/login")
    Call<LoginItem> postLoginWithForms(@FieldMap Map<String,String> map);

public void postLogin(View view) {
        API api = RetrofitManager.getRetrofit().create(API.class);
        Map<String,String> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("userName","123");
        map.put("password","456");
        Call<LoginItem> task = api.postLoginWithForms(map);
        task.enqueue(new Callback<LoginItem>() {
            @Override
            public void onResponse(Call<LoginItem> call, Response<LoginItem> response) {
                Log.e(TAG, "onResponse: "+response.code());
                Log.e(TAG, "onResponse: "+response.body().toString() );

            }

            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call<LoginItem> call, Throwable t) {
                Log.e(TAG, "onFailure: "+t.toString() );
            }
        });
    }

11.文件下載

@Streaming
    @GET
    Call<ResponseBody> downLoad(@Url String url);

public void downLoad(View view) {
        API api = RetrofitManager.getRetrofit().create(API.class);
        Call<ResponseBody> call = api.downLoad("/download/1");
        call.enqueue(new Callback<ResponseBody>() {
            @Override
            public void onResponse(Call<ResponseBody> call, Response<ResponseBody> response) {
                Log.e(TAG, "onResponse: " + response.code());
                Headers headers = response.headers();
//                for (int i = 0; i < headers.size(); i++) {
//                    String value = headers.value(i);
//                    String name = headers.name(i);
//                    Log.e(TAG, name+" ---->" +value);
//                }
                String fileName = "未命名.png";
                String filenameheader = headers.get("Content-disposition");
                if (filenameheader != null) {
                    fileName = filenameheader.replace("attachment; filename=", "");
                    Log.e(TAG, "onResponse: " + fileName);
                }
                writeStringDisk(response, fileName);
            }

            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call<ResponseBody> call, Throwable t) {

            }
        });
    }

    private void writeStringDisk(Response<ResponseBody> response, String fileName) {
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                InputStream inputStream = response.body().byteStream();
                File baseOutFile = getExternalFilesDir(DIRECTORY_PICTURES);
                Log.e(TAG, "run: " + baseOutFile);
                File outfile = new File(baseOutFile, fileName);
                try {
                    FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(outfile);
                    byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
                    int len;
                    while ((len = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
                        fos.write(buffer, 0, len);
                    }
                    fos.close();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }).start();
    }

12.傳輸Token消息

@Header

@Multipart
    @POST("/file/upload")
    Call<PostFileItem> postWithFile(@Part MultipartBody.Part part, @Header("token") String token);

@Headers

 @Headers({"token:123456asd","client:android","version:1.0"})
    @Multipart
    @POST("/files/upload")
    Call<PostFileItem> postWithFiles(@Part List<MultipartBody.Part> parts);

@HeaderMap

@Multipart
    @POST("/file/params/upload")
    Call<PostFileItem> postFileWithParams(@Part MultipartBody.Part part,
                                          @PartMap Map<String,String> params,
                                          @HeaderMap Map<String,String> headermap
                                          );

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