OpenWRT 編譯固件（帶usb攝像頭相關驅動）與燒寫固件，獲取圖像數據並用Qt顯示，添加開機自啓，添加自己寫的驅動或者應用

我購買的是無涯的MT7688A開發板，所以以它來介紹，但是發現基本OpenWRT的編譯固件套路是一樣的，所以應該通用。

1.下載官網源碼

2.編譯源碼

（1）./scripts/feeds update -a

（2）./scripts/feeds install -a

（3）make menuconfig 選擇板子對應的信息

（4）usb攝像頭驅動選擇

Kernel modules —> USB Support —> <*> kmod-usb-core. ##默認已經選了
Kernel modules —> USB Support —> <*> kmod-usb-ohci. ## usb1.0
Kernel modules —> USB Support —> <*> kmod-usb-uhci. ## usb1.1
Kernel modules —> USB Support —> <*> kmod-usb-storage.
Kernel modules —> USB Support —> <*> kmod-usb-storage-extras.
Kernel modules —> USB Support —> <*> kmod-usb2. ##默認已經選了 usb2.0

Kernel modules -->video Support -->kmod-video-core

Multimedia --> mjpg-streamer

（5）編譯固件

make V=99

（6）編譯成功的固件爲./bin/ramips/openwrt-ramips-mt7688-HiWooya7688-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin

3.燒寫固件，此時OpenWRT的WAN口連接機箱的網口，開發板的串口波特率爲57600,8，N，1

設置完成後，系統會自動燒寫固件，燒寫成功後開發板會自動重啓。

4.固件燒寫啓動成功後，輸入指令

find / -name index.* #查找web網頁所對應的地址/www/webcam

mjpg_streamer -i "input_uvc.so -f 15 -r 640*480 -d /dev/video0" -o "output_http.so -p 8080 -w /www/webcam" #保持運行

5.在網頁上輸入192.168.1.1:8080 即可查看到圖像，ip地址爲開發板eth0地址，此時OpenWRT的LAN口連接機箱的網口

6.QT獲取數據並顯示。電腦設置IP地址需與開發板在同一網段。測試程序如下：

//pro文件添加
QT       += network



//h文件
#ifndef WIDGET_H
#define WIDGET_H

#include <QWidget>
#include <QNetworkAccessManager>
#include <QNetworkRequest>
#include <QNetworkReply>

QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class Widget; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE

class Widget : public QWidget
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    Widget(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
    ~Widget();

private slots:
    void mjpgStreamerUpdata(QNetworkReply *reply);

private:
    Ui::Widget *ui;

    QNetworkAccessManager *manager;
    QNetworkRequest *request;
};
#endif // WIDGET_H



//cpp文件
#include "widget.h"
#include "ui_widget.h"

Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent)
    : QWidget(parent)
    , ui(new Ui::Widget)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);
    this->setWindowTitle("Mjpg Streamer Client");

    //連接到mjpg-streamer 服務器
    QString url;
    manager = new QNetworkAccessManager();
    url.append("http://192.168.1.1:8080/?action=snapshot");
    qDebug()<<url;
    request = new QNetworkRequest(QUrl(url));
    ui->label->setScaledContents(true);
    connect(manager, SIGNAL(finished(QNetworkReply *)), this, SLOT(mjpgStreamerUpdata(QNetworkReply *)));
    manager->get(*request);

    QEventLoop loop;
    connect(m_networkAccessManager, SIGNAL(finished(QNetworkReply *)), &loop, SLOT(quit()));
    loop.exec();
}

Widget::~Widget()
{
    delete ui;
}

void Widget::mjpgStreamerUpdata(QNetworkReply *reply)
{
    //讀取全部數據
    QByteArray byteArray = reply->readAll();
    //構建pixmap
    QImage image;
    image.loadFromData(byteArray, "JPEG");
    //Label 顯示圖像
    ui->label->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(image));
    ui->label->show();
    //繼續清理URL
    manager->get(*request);
    reply->deleteLater();
}

注：若不加reply->deleteLater();這句話會存在內存泄漏的問題

此時簡單的OpenWRT調試完成。

7.添加開機自啓功能

在/etc/init.d下添加文件test

#!/bin/sh /etc/rc.common
START=99

boot(){
mjpg_streamer -i "input_uvc.so -f 15 -r 640*480 -d /dev/video0" -o "output_http.so -p 8080 -w /www/webcam" </dev/null > /dev/null 2>&1 &
}

要使腳本在系統啓動後自動別調用的話還需要創建軟鏈接到 ”/etc/rc.d”目錄下，如以上文件需要創建如下鏈接：

ln -s /etc/init.d/test /etc/rc.d/S99test
或者使用系統方法：

/etc/init.d/test enable
將會自動創建對應的軟鏈接。

同樣的可以刪除軟鏈接或者使用disable取消腳本的自動啓動

8.將開發板的固定ip改成自動獲取插入網線的ip

vi /etc/config/network

將裏面的靜態ip地址的static改成dhcp，將固定的ip地址相關的東西刪掉就可以了，這樣插入網線，就可以獲取到網線的ip了。

9.添加自己寫的驅動或應用

驅動模塊添加：

1：make menuconfig中的 kernel modules

其中的各個配置選項來自於下面目錄中的.mk文件

這裏以other.mk爲對照，後續我們添加的驅動模塊，添加到other分支當中

2：建立模塊目錄，路徑是package/kernel/example。mkdir -p package/kernel/example

3：進行package/kernel/example目錄，建立Makefile文件，內容如下

#Kernel module example
include $(TOPDIR)/rules.mk
 
include $(INCLUDE_DIR)/kernel.mk
 
PKG_NAME:=example
PKG_RELEASE:=1
 
include $(INCLUDE_DIR)/package.mk
 
 
EXTRA_CFLAGS:= \
    $(patsubst CONFIG_%, -DCONFIG_%=1, $(patsubst %=m,%,$(filter %=m,$(EXTRA_KCONFIG)))) \
    $(patsubst CONFIG_%, -DCONFIG_%=1, $(patsubst %=y,%,$(filter %=y,$(EXTRA_KCONFIG)))) \
 
MAKE_OPTS:=ARCH="$(LINUX_KARCH)" \
    CROSS_COMPILE="$(TARGET_CROSS)" \
    SUBDIRS="$(PKG_BUILD_DIR)" \
    EXTRA_CFLAGS="$(EXTRA_CFLAGS)"
 
define KernelPackage/example
  SUBMENU:=Other modules
  TITLE:=Support Module for example
  # DEPENDS:=@XXX   #如果有依賴，這個名字可去make menuconfig裏面找到 Symbol:XXX
  FILES:=$(PKG_BUILD_DIR)/example.ko
  AUTOLOAD:=$(call AutoLoad,81,example) #系統啓動時自動裝載
endef
 
#PKG_BUILD_DIR：/build_dir/target-mipsel_24kec+dsp_uClibc-0.9.33.2/linux-ramips_mt7621/example 
#建立 PKG_BUILD_DIR ，並將代碼拷貝到此處
define Build/Prepare
    mkdir -p $(PKG_BUILD_DIR)/              
    $(CP) -R ./src/* $(PKG_BUILD_DIR)/
endef
define Build/Compile
    $(MAKE) -C "$(LINUX_DIR)" $(MAKE_OPTS) CONFIG_EXAMPLE=m modules
endef
$(eval $(call KernelPackage,example))

4：在package/kernel/example目錄下建立src目錄，mkdir -p package/kernel/example/src
5：在package/kernel/example/src目錄下建立源碼文件example.c和對應的Makefile，Kconfig

example.c


#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/version.h>
#include <linux/kmod.h>
 
static int __init example_init(void)
{
    printk("hello example openwrt\n");
    return 0;
}
 
static void __exit example_exit(void)
{
    printk("hello example openwrt exit\n");
}
 
module_init(example_init);
module_exit(example_exit);
 
MODULE_AUTHOR("hello world");
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("example driver");
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_ALIAS("platform:" DRV_NAME);


Makefile:

obj-${CONFIG_EXAMPLE}+= example.o


Kconfig:

config EXAMPLE
    tristate "Just a example"
    help
    This is a example, for debugging kernel model.
    If unsure, say N.

6：在trunk目錄make menuconfig-->kernel module-->other module-->kmod-example選中。保存Config後，輸入make ./package/kernel/example/compile V=s進行編譯

應用程序編譯

編譯c文件：

1：在package應用目錄。參考其他的應用文件。創建helloworld文件夾，並進入。創建Makefile：

##############################################
# OpenWrt Makefile for helloworld program
#
#
# Most of the variables used here are defined in
# the include directives below. We just need to
# specify a basic description of the package,
# where to build our program, where to find
# the source files, and where to install the
# compiled program on the router.
#
# Be very careful of spacing in this file.
# Indents should be tabs, not spaces, and
# there should be no trailing whitespace in
# lines that are not commented.
#
##############################################
include $(TOPDIR)/rules.mk
 
# Name and release number of this package
PKG_NAME:=helloworld
PKG_RELEASE:=1
 
# This specifies the directory where we're going to build the program. 
# The root build directory, $(BUILD_DIR), is by default the build_mipsel
# directory in your OpenWrt SDK directory
 
PKG_BUILD_DIR := $(BUILD_DIR)/$(PKG_NAME)
 
include $(INCLUDE_DIR)/package.mk
 
# Specify package information for this program.
# The variables defined here should be self explanatory.
# If you are running Kamikaze, delete the DESCRIPTION
# variable below and uncomment the Kamikaze define
# directive for the description below
define Package/helloworld
    SECTION:=utils
    CATEGORY:=Utilities
    TITLE:=Helloworld -- prints a snarky message
endef
# Uncomment portion below for Kamikaze and delete DESCRIPTION variable above
define Package/helloworld/description
    If you can't figure out what this program does, you're probably
    brain-dead and need immediate medical attention.
endef
# Specify what needs to be done to prepare for building the package.
# In our case, we need to copy the source files to the build directory.
# This is NOT the default.  The default uses the PKG_SOURCE_URL and the
# PKG_SOURCE which is not defined here to download the source from the web.
# In order to just build a simple program that we have just written, it is
# much easier to do it this way.
define Build/Prepare
    mkdir -p $(PKG_BUILD_DIR)
    $(CP) ./src/* $(PKG_BUILD_DIR)/
endef
define Build/Configure
endef
define Build/Compile
    $(MAKE) -C $(PKG_BUILD_DIR) \
        CC="$(TARGET_CC)" \
        CFLAGS="$(TARGET_CFLAGS) -Wall" \
        LDFLAGS="$(TARGET_LDFLAGS)"
endef
# We do not need to define Build/Configure or Build/Compile directives
# The defaults are appropriate for compiling a simple program such as this one
# Specify where and how to install the program. Since we only have one file,
# the helloworld executable, install it by copying it to the /bin directory on
# the router. The $(1) variable represents the root directory on the router running
# OpenWrt. The $(INSTALL_DIR) variable contains a command to prepare the install
# directory if it does not already exist.  Likewise $(INSTALL_BIN) contains the
# command to copy the binary file from its current location (in our case the build
# directory) to the install directory.
define Package/helloworld/install
    $(INSTALL_DIR) $(1)/bin
    $(INSTALL_BIN) $(PKG_BUILD_DIR)/helloworld $(1)/bin/
endef
# This line executes the necessary commands to compile our program.
# The above define directives specify all the information needed, but this
# line calls BuildPackage which in turn actually uses this information to
# build a package.
$(eval $(call BuildPackage,helloworld))

2：在helloworld目錄創建src文件夾，並進入。創建Makefile和helloworld.c：

# build helloworld executable when user executes "make"
helloworld: helloworld.o
    $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) helloworld.o -o helloworld
helloworld.o: helloworld.c
    $(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c helloworld.c
# remove object files and executable when user executes "make clean"
clean:
    rm *.o helloworld

helloworld.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
 
int main(int argc, char**argv)
{
    printf("Hell! O' world, why won't my code compile?\n\n");
    return 0;
}

3：返回trunk目錄，make menuconfig-->Utilities-->helloworld。然後make ./package/helloworld/compile V=s

編譯c++文件：

1. 在package應用目錄。參考其他的應用文件。創建helloworld文件夾，並進入。創建Makefile：

##############################################
# OpenWrt Makefile for helloworld program
#
#
# Most of the variables used here are defined in
# the include directives below. We just need to
# specify a basic description of the package,
# where to build our program, where to find
# the source files, and where to install the
# compiled program on the router.
#
# Be very careful of spacing in this file.
# Indents should be tabs, not spaces, and
# there should be no trailing whitespace in
# lines that are not commented.
#
##############################################
include $(TOPDIR)/rules.mk
 
# Name and release number of this package
PKG_NAME:=helloworld
PKG_RELEASE:=1
 
# This specifies the directory where we're going to build the program. 
# The root build directory, $(BUILD_DIR), is by default the build_mipsel
# directory in your OpenWrt SDK directory
 
PKG_BUILD_DIR := $(BUILD_DIR)/$(PKG_NAME)
 
include $(INCLUDE_DIR)/package.mk
 
# Specify package information for this program.
# The variables defined here should be self explanatory.
# If you are running Kamikaze, delete the DESCRIPTION
# variable below and uncomment the Kamikaze define
# directive for the description below
define Package/multiFaceAcquisition
	SECTION:=utils
	CATEGORY:=Utilities
	TITLE:=helloworld -- prints a snarky message
endef
# Uncomment portion below for Kamikaze and delete DESCRIPTION variable above
define Package/multiFaceAcquisition/description
	If you can't figure out what this program does, you're probably
	brain-dead and need immediate medical attention.
endef
# Specify what needs to be done to prepare for building the package.
# In our case, we need to copy the source files to the build directory.
# This is NOT the default.  The default uses the PKG_SOURCE_URL and the
# PKG_SOURCE which is not defined here to download the source from the web.
# In order to just build a simple program that we have just written, it is
# much easier to do it this way.
define Build/Prepare
	mkdir -p $(PKG_BUILD_DIR)
	$(CP) ./src/* $(PKG_BUILD_DIR)/
endef
define Build/Configure
endef
define Build/Compile
	$(MAKE) -C $(PKG_BUILD_DIR) \
		CC="$(TARGET_CXX)" \
		CFLAGS="$(TARGET_CPPFLAGS) -Wall" \
		LDFLAGS="$(TARGET_LDFLAGS)"
endef
# We do not need to define Build/Configure or Build/Compile directives
# The defaults are appropriate for compiling a simple program such as this one
# Specify where and how to install the program. Since we only have one file,
# the helloworld executable, install it by copying it to the /bin directory on
# the router. The $(1) variable represents the root directory on the router running
# OpenWrt. The $(INSTALL_DIR) variable contains a command to prepare the install
# directory if it does not already exist.  Likewise $(INSTALL_BIN) contains the
# command to copy the binary file from its current location (in our case the build
# directory) to the install directory.
define Package/helloworld/install
	$(INSTALL_DIR) $(1)/bin
	$(INSTALL_BIN) $(PKG_BUILD_DIR)/helloworld $(1)/bin/
endef
# This line executes the necessary commands to compile our program.
# The above define directives specify all the information needed, but this
# line calls BuildPackage which in turn actually uses this information to
# build a package.
$(eval $(call BuildPackage,helloworld))

2：在helloworld目錄創建src文件夾，並進入。創建Makefile和helloworld.cpp：

# build helloworld executable when user executes "make"
helloworld: helloworld.o
    $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) helloworld.o -o helloworld
helloworld.o: helloworld.cpp
    $(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c helloworld.cpp
# remove object files and executable when user executes "make clean"
clean:
    rm *.o helloworld

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    cout<<"hello world"<<endl;
}

編譯報錯修改：

提示缺少libc.so.6和libstdc++.so.6文件，解決辦法：

make menuconfig

選則如下配置：

OpenWrt Configuration > Base system >  <*>libc
                                       <*>libgcc
                                       <*>libpthread
                                       <*>librt
                                       <*>libstdcpp

vim staging_dir/target-mipsel_24kec+dsp_uClibc-0.9.33.2/pkginfo
添加如下內容：
libc.so.6
libstdc++.so.6

在寫openwrt程序的Makefile時如果忘記加上依賴關係，編譯時就會報這樣的錯：

1 2	`Package example is missing dependencies` `for` `the following libraries:` `libpthread.so.0`

解決方法是在定義程序包（Makefile）的時候加上依賴關係：

define Package/example

SECTION:=utils

CATEGORY:=Utilities

DEPENDS:=+libpthread

TITLE:=example -- prints example 1 to 99

endef

OpenWRT 編譯固件（帶usb攝像頭相關驅動）與燒寫固件，獲取圖像數據並用Qt顯示，添加開機自啓，添加自己寫的驅動或者應用

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OpenWRT 編譯固件（帶usb攝像頭相關驅動）與燒寫固件，獲取圖像數據並用Qt顯示，添加開機自啓，添加自己寫的驅動或者應用

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