手寫Spring高級源碼筆記(三):⼿寫實現 IoC 和 AOP

第三部分 ⼿寫實現 IoC AOP

上⼀部分我們理解了 IoC AOP 思想,我們先不考慮 Spring 是如何實現這兩個思想的,此處準備了⼀個『銀⾏轉賬』的案例,請分析該案例在代碼層次有什麼問題 ?分析之後使⽤我們已有知識解決這些問題(痛點)。其實這個過程我們就是在⼀步步分析並⼿寫實現 IoC AOP

1節 銀⾏轉賬案例界⾯

2節 銀⾏轉賬案例表結構

3節 銀⾏轉賬案例代碼調⽤關係

4節 銀⾏轉賬案例關鍵代碼

TransferServlet

package com.lagou.edu.servlet;
import com.lagou.edu.service.impl.TransferServiceImpl;
import com.lagou.edu.utils.JsonUtils;
import com.lagou.edu.pojo.Result;
import com.lagou.edu.service.TransferService;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* @author 應癲
*/
@WebServlet(name="transferServlet",urlPatterns = "/transferServlet")
public class TransferServlet extends HttpServlet {
 // 1. 實例化service層對象
 private TransferService transferService = new TransferServiceImpl();
 @Override
 protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
 doPost(req,resp);
 }
 @Override
 protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse
resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
 // 設置請求體的字符編碼
 req.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
 String fromCardNo = req.getParameter("fromCardNo");
 String toCardNo = req.getParameter("toCardNo");
 String moneyStr = req.getParameter("money");
 int money = Integer.parseInt(moneyStr);
 Result result = new Result();
 try {
 // 2. 調⽤service層⽅法
 transferService.transfer(fromCardNo,toCardNo,money);
 result.setStatus("200");
 } catch (Exception e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
 result.setStatus("201");
 result.setMessage(e.toString());
 }
 // 響應
 resp.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
 resp.getWriter().print(JsonUtils.object2Json(result));
 }
}

TransferService接⼝及實現類

package com.lagou.edu.service;
/**
* @author 應癲
*/
public interface TransferService {
 void transfer(String fromCardNo,String toCardNo,int money) throws
Exception; }
package com.lagou.edu.service.impl;
import com.lagou.edu.dao.AccountDao;
import com.lagou.edu.dao.impl.JdbcAccountDaoImpl;
import com.lagou.edu.pojo.Account;
import com.lagou.edu.service.TransferService;
/**
* @author 應癲
*/
public class TransferServiceImpl implements TransferService {
 private AccountDao accountDao = new JdbcAccountDaoImpl();
 @Override
 public void transfer(String fromCardNo, String toCardNo, int money)
throws Exception {
 Account from = accountDao.queryAccountByCardNo(fromCardNo);
 Account to = accountDao.queryAccountByCardNo(toCardNo);
 from.setMoney(from.getMoney()-money);
 to.setMoney(to.getMoney()+money);
 accountDao.updateAccountByCardNo(from);
 accountDao.updateAccountByCardNo(to);
 }
}

AccountDao層接⼝及基於Jdbc的實現類

package com.lagou.edu.dao;
import com.lagou.edu.pojo.Account;
/**
* @author 應癲
*/
public interface AccountDao {
 Account queryAccountByCardNo(String cardNo) throws Exception;
 int updateAccountByCardNo(Account account) throws Exception; }

JdbcAccountDaoImplJdbc技術實現Dao層接⼝)

package com.lagou.edu.dao.impl;
import com.lagou.edu.pojo.Account;
import com.lagou.edu.dao.AccountDao;
import com.lagou.edu.utils.DruidUtils;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
/**
* @author 應癲
*/
public class JdbcAccountDaoImpl implements AccountDao {
 @Override
 public Account queryAccountByCardNo(String cardNo) throws Exception {
 //從連接池獲取連接
 Connection con = DruidUtils.getInstance().getConnection();
 String sql = "select * from account where cardNo=?";
 PreparedStatement preparedStatement = con.prepareStatement(sql);
 preparedStatement.setString(1,cardNo);
 ResultSet resultSet = preparedStatement.executeQuery();
 Account account = new Account();
 while(resultSet.next()) {
 account.setCardNo(resultSet.getString("cardNo"));
 account.setName(resultSet.getString("name"));
 account.setMoney(resultSet.getInt("money"));
 }
 resultSet.close();
 preparedStatement.close();
 con.close();
 return account;
 }
第5節 銀⾏轉賬案例代碼問題分析
(1)問題⼀:在上述案例實現中,service 層實現類在使⽤ dao 層對象時,直接在
TransferServiceImpl 中通過 AccountDao accountDao = new JdbcAccountDaoImpl() 獲得了 dao層對
象,然⽽⼀個 new 關鍵字卻將 TransferServiceImpl 和 dao 層具體的⼀個實現類
JdbcAccountDaoImpl 耦合在了⼀起,如果說技術架構發⽣⼀些變動,dao 層的實現要使⽤其它技術,
⽐如 Mybatis,思考切換起來的成本?每⼀個 new 的地⽅都需要修改源代碼,重新編譯,⾯向接⼝開發
的意義將⼤打折扣?
(2)問題⼆:service 層代碼沒有竟然還沒有進⾏事務控制 ?!如果轉賬過程中出現異常,將可能導致
數據庫數據錯亂,後果可能會很嚴重,尤其在⾦融業務。
第6節 問題解決思路
 @Override
 public int updateAccountByCardNo(Account account) throws Exception {
 //從連接池獲取連接
 Connection con = DruidUtils.getInstance().getConnection();
 String sql = "update account set money=? where cardNo=?";
 PreparedStatement preparedStatement = con.prepareStatement(sql);
 preparedStatement.setInt(1,account.getMoney());
 preparedStatement.setString(2,account.getCardNo());
 int i = preparedStatement.executeUpdate();
 preparedStatement.close();
 con.close();
 return i;
 }
}

5節 銀⾏轉賬案例代碼問題分析

1)問題⼀:在上述案例實現中,service 層實現類在使⽤ dao 層對象時,直接在TransferServiceImpl 中通過 AccountDao accountDao = new JdbcAccountDaoImpl() 獲得了 dao層對 象,然⽽⼀個 new 關鍵字卻將 TransferServiceImpl dao 層具體的⼀個實現類 JdbcAccountDaoImpl 耦合在了⼀起,如果說技術架構發⽣⼀些變動,dao 層的實現要使⽤其它技術,
⽐如 Mybatis,思考切換起來的成本?每⼀個 new 的地⽅都需要修改源代碼,重新編譯,⾯向接⼝開發
的意義將⼤打折扣?
2)問題⼆:service 層代碼沒有竟然還沒有進⾏事務控制 ?!如果轉賬過程中出現異常,將可能導致數據庫數據錯亂,後果可能會很嚴重,尤其在⾦融業務

6節 問題解決思路

針對問題⼀思考:
實例化對象的⽅式除了 new 之外,還有什麼技術?反射 (需要把類的全限定類名配置在xml )
考慮使⽤設計模式中的⼯⼚模式解耦合,另外項⽬中往往有很多對象需要實例化,那就在⼯⼚中使⽤反 射技術實例化對象,⼯⼚模式很合適

更進⼀步,代碼中能否只聲明所需實例的接⼝類型,不出現 new 也不出現⼯⼚類的字眼,如下圖? 能!聲明⼀個變量並提供 set ⽅法,在反射的時候將所需要的對象注⼊進去吧

針對問題⼆思考:
service 層沒有添加事務控制,怎麼辦?沒有事務就添加上事務控制,⼿動控制 JDBC Connection 事務,但要注意將Connection和當前線程綁定(即保證⼀個線程只有⼀個Connection,這樣操作才針對的是同⼀個 Connection,進⽽控制的是同⼀個事務)

7節 案例代碼改造

1)針對問題⼀的代碼改造
  • beans.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans>
 <bean id="transferService"
class="com.lagou.edu.service.impl.TransferServiceImpl">
 <property name="AccountDao" ref="accountDao"></property>
 </bean>
 <bean id="accountDao"
class="com.lagou.edu.dao.impl.JdbcAccountDaoImpl">
 </bean>
</beans>
  • 增加 BeanFactory.java
package com.lagou.edu.factory;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* @author 應癲
*/
public class BeanFactory {
 /**
 * ⼯⼚類的兩個任務
 * 任務⼀:加載解析xml,讀取xml中的bean信息,通過反射技術實例化bean對象,然後放⼊
map待⽤
 * 任務⼆:提供接⼝⽅法根據id從map中獲取bean(靜態⽅法)
 */
 private static Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<>();
 static {
 InputStream resourceAsStream =
BeanFactory.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("beans.xml");
 SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();
 try {
 Document document = saxReader.read(resourceAsStream);
 Element rootElement = document.getRootElement();
 List<Element> list = rootElement.selectNodes("//bean");
 // 實例化bean對象
 for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
 Element element = list.get(i);
 String id = element.attributeValue("id");
 String clazz = element.attributeValue("class");
 Class<?> aClass = Class.forName(clazz);
 Object o = aClass.newInstance();
 map.put(id,o);
 }
 // 維護bean之間的依賴關係
 List<Element> propertyNodes =
rootElement.selectNodes("//property");
 for (int i = 0; i < propertyNodes.size(); i++) {
 Element element = propertyNodes.get(i);
 // 處理property元素
 String name = element.attributeValue("name");
 String ref = element.attributeValue("ref");
 
 String parentId =
element.getParent().attributeValue("id");
 Object parentObject = map.get(parentId);
 Method[] methods = parentObject.getClass().getMethods();
 for (int j = 0; j < methods.length; j++) {
 Method method = methods[j];
 if(("set" + name).equalsIgnoreCase(method.getName()))
{
 // bean之間的依賴關係(注⼊bean)
 Object propertyObject = map.get(ref);
 method.invoke(parentObject,propertyObject);
 }
 }
 // 維護依賴關係後重新將bean放⼊map中
 map.put(parentId,parentObject);
 }
 } catch (DocumentException e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
 } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
 } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
 } catch (InstantiationException e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
 } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
 }
 }
 public static Object getBean(String id) {
 return map.get(id);
 }
}
  • 修改 TransferServlet

  • 修改 TransferServiceImpl

2)針對問題⼆的改造
  • 增加 ConnectionUtils
package com.lagou.edu.utils;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;
/**
* @author 應癲
*/
public class ConnectionUtils {
 /*private ConnectionUtils() {
 }
 private static ConnectionUtils connectionUtils = new
ConnectionUtils();
 public static ConnectionUtils getInstance() {
 return connectionUtils;
 }*/
 private ThreadLocal<Connection> threadLocal = new ThreadLocal<>(); //
存儲當前線程的連接
 /**
 * 從當前線程獲取連接
 */
 public Connection getCurrentThreadConn() throws SQLException {
 /**
 * 判斷當前線程中是否已經綁定連接,如果沒有綁定,需要從連接池獲取⼀個連接綁定到
當前線程
 */
 Connection connection = threadLocal.get();
 if(connection == null) {
 // 從連接池拿連接並綁定到線程
 connection = DruidUtils.getInstance().getConnection();
 // 綁定到當前線程
 threadLocal.set(connection);
 }
 return connection;
 }
}
  • 增加 TransactionManager 事務管理器類
package com.lagou.edu.utils;
import java.sql.SQLException;
/**
* @author 應癲
*/
public class TransactionManager {
 private ConnectionUtils connectionUtils;
 public void setConnectionUtils(ConnectionUtils connectionUtils) {
 this.connectionUtils = connectionUtils;
 }
 // 開啓事務
 public void beginTransaction() throws SQLException {
 connectionUtils.getCurrentThreadConn().setAutoCommit(false);
 }
 // 提交事務
 public void commit() throws SQLException {
 connectionUtils.getCurrentThreadConn().commit();
 }
 // 回滾事務
 public void rollback() throws SQLException {
 connectionUtils.getCurrentThreadConn().rollback();
 }
}
  • 增加 ProxyFactory 代理⼯⼚類
package com.lagou.edu.factory;
import com.lagou.edu.utils.TransactionManager;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
/**
* @author 應癲
*/
public class ProxyFactory {
 private TransactionManager transactionManager;
 public void setTransactionManager(TransactionManager
transactionManager) {
 this.transactionManager = transactionManager;
 }
 public Object getProxy(Object target) {
 return Proxy.newProxyInstance(this.getClass().getClassLoader(),
target.getClass().getInterfaces(), new InvocationHandler() {
 @Override
 public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[]
args) throws Throwable {
 Object result = null;
 try{
 // 開啓事務
 transactionManager.beginTransaction();
 // 調⽤原有業務邏輯
 result = method.invoke(target,args);
 // 提交事務
 transactionManager.commit();
 }catch(Exception e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
 // 回滾事務
 transactionManager.rollback();
 // 異常向上拋出,便於servlet中捕獲
 throw e.getCause();
 }
 return result;
 }
 });
 }
}
  • 修改 beans.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!--跟標籤beans,⾥⾯配置⼀個⼜⼀個的bean⼦標籤,每⼀個bean⼦標籤都代表⼀個類的配置--
><beans>
 <!--id標識對象,class是類的全限定類名-->
 <bean id="accountDao"
class="com.lagou.edu.dao.impl.JdbcAccountDaoImpl">
 <property name="ConnectionUtils" ref="connectionUtils"/>
 </bean>
 <bean id="transferService"
class="com.lagou.edu.service.impl.TransferServiceImpl">
 <!--set+ name 之後鎖定到傳值的set⽅法了,通過反射技術可以調⽤該⽅法傳⼊對應
的值-->
 <property name="AccountDao" ref="accountDao"></property>
 </bean>
 <!--配置新增的三個Bean-->
 <bean id="connectionUtils"
class="com.lagou.edu.utils.ConnectionUtils"></bean>
 <!--事務管理器-->
 <bean id="transactionManager"
class="com.lagou.edu.utils.TransactionManager">
 <property name="ConnectionUtils" ref="connectionUtils"/>
 </bean>
 <!--代理對象⼯⼚-->
 <bean id="proxyFactory" class="com.lagou.edu.factory.ProxyFactory">
 <property name="TransactionManager" ref="transactionManager"/>
 </bean>
</beans>
  • 修改 JdbcAccountDaoImpl
package com.lagou.edu.dao.impl;
import com.lagou.edu.pojo.Account;
import com.lagou.edu.dao.AccountDao;
import com.lagou.edu.utils.ConnectionUtils;
import com.lagou.edu.utils.DruidUtils;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
/**
* @author 應癲
*/
public class JdbcAccountDaoImpl implements AccountDao {
 private ConnectionUtils connectionUtils;
 public void setConnectionUtils(ConnectionUtils connectionUtils) {
 this.connectionUtils = connectionUtils;
 }
 @Override
 public Account queryAccountByCardNo(String cardNo) throws Exception {
 //從連接池獲取連接
 // Connection con = DruidUtils.getInstance().getConnection();
 Connection con = connectionUtils.getCurrentThreadConn();
 String sql = "select * from account where cardNo=?";
 PreparedStatement preparedStatement = con.prepareStatement(sql);
 preparedStatement.setString(1,cardNo);
 ResultSet resultSet = preparedStatement.executeQuery();
 Account account = new Account();
 while(resultSet.next()) {
 account.setCardNo(resultSet.getString("cardNo"));
 account.setName(resultSet.getString("name"));
 account.setMoney(resultSet.getInt("money"));
 }
 resultSet.close();
 preparedStatement.close();
 //con.close();
 return account;
 }
 @Override
 public int updateAccountByCardNo(Account account) throws Exception {
 // 從連接池獲取連接
 // 改造爲:從當前線程當中獲取綁定的connection連接
 //Connection con = DruidUtils.getInstance().getConnection();
 Connection con = connectionUtils.getCurrentThreadConn();
 String sql = "update account set money=? where cardNo=?";
 PreparedStatement preparedStatement = con.prepareStatement(sql);
 preparedStatement.setInt(1,account.getMoney());
 preparedStatement.setString(2,account.getCardNo());
 int i = preparedStatement.executeUpdate();
 preparedStatement.close();
 //con.close();
 return i;
 }
}
  • 修改 TransferServlet
package com.lagou.edu.servlet;
import com.lagou.edu.factory.BeanFactory;
import com.lagou.edu.factory.ProxyFactory;
import com.lagou.edu.service.impl.TransferServiceImpl;
import com.lagou.edu.utils.JsonUtils;
import com.lagou.edu.pojo.Result;
import com.lagou.edu.service.TransferService;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* @author 應癲
*/
@WebServlet(name="transferServlet",urlPatterns = "/transferServlet")
public class TransferServlet extends HttpServlet {
 // 1. 實例化service層對象
 //private TransferService transferService = new TransferServiceImpl();
 //private TransferService transferService = (TransferService)
BeanFactory.getBean("transferService");
 // 從⼯⼚獲取委託對象(委託對象是增強了事務控制的功能)
 // ⾸先從BeanFactory獲取到proxyFactory代理⼯⼚的實例化對象
 private ProxyFactory proxyFactory = (ProxyFactory)
BeanFactory.getBean("proxyFactory");
 private TransferService transferService = (TransferService)
proxyFactory.getJdkProxy(BeanFactory.getBean("transferService")) ;
 @Override
 protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
 doPost(req,resp);
第四部分 Spring IOC 應⽤
第1節 Spring IoC基礎
 }
 @Override
 protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse
resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
 // 設置請求體的字符編碼
 req.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
 String fromCardNo = req.getParameter("fromCardNo");
 String toCardNo = req.getParameter("toCardNo");
 String moneyStr = req.getParameter("money");
 int money = Integer.parseInt(moneyStr);
 Result result = new Result();
 try {
 // 2. 調⽤service層⽅法
 transferService.transfer(fromCardNo,toCardNo,money);
 result.setStatus("200");
 } catch (Exception e) {
 e.printStackTrace();
 result.setStatus("201");
 result.setMessage(e.toString());
 }
 // 響應
 resp.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
 resp.getWriter().print(JsonUtils.object2Json(result));
 }
}

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