基本元素定位
代碼示例
進行調試的時候,逐個將定位方法的註釋放開即可。
package com.test;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
public class ElementLocate {
private static ChromeDriver chromeDriver;
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
openChrome();
Thread.sleep(1000);
//1.定位百度的搜索框元素,並且輸入數據(ID定位)--唯一的
//chromeDriver.findElement(By.id("kw")).sendKeys("自動化測試");
//2.定位百度的搜索框元素,並且輸入數據(Name定位)--重複
//chromeDriver.findElement(By.name("wd")).sendKeys("自動化測試");
//3.定位百度的搜索框元素,並且輸入數據(tagName定位)--找到的元素是會有多個--不推薦
//chromeDriver.findElement(By.tagName("input")).sendKeys("自動化測試");
//4.定位百度的搜索框元素,並且輸入數據(className定位)
//chromeDriver.findElement(By.className("s_ipt")).sendKeys("自動化測試");
//Compound class names not permitted -->複合類名的問題
//chromeDriver.findElement(By.className("bg s_btn")).click(); //不可以用這樣的複合類名
//chromeDriver.findElement(By.className("s_btn")).click();
//5.定位“新聞”元素,並且點擊(LinkText定位)-->超鏈接完整文本
//chromeDriver.findElement(By.linkText("新聞")).click();
//6.定位“新聞”元素,並且點擊(partialLinkText定位)-->超鏈接部分文本
chromeDriver.findElement(By.partialLinkText("聞")).click();
}
public static void openChrome() {
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "src/test/resources/chromedriver.exe");
//1.打開Chrome瀏覽器
chromeDriver = new ChromeDriver();
//2.訪問百度
chromeDriver.get("http://www.baidu.com");
}
}
備註:
已登錄用戶,若退出,className屬性值會減少。
遇到的問題彙總
問題:className會存在複合類名的問題
chromeDriver.findElement(By.className("s_ipt")).sendKeys("自動化測試");
//Compound class names not permitted -->複合類名的問題
chromeDriver.findElement(By.className("bg s_btn")).click(); //不可以用這樣的複合類名
chromeDriver.findElement(By.className("s_btn")).click(); //運行正常
className複合類名的問題,報錯如下:
Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: no such element: Unable to locate element: {"method":"css selector","selector":".bg\ s_btn"}
(Session info: chrome=80.0.3987.149)
For documentation on this error, please visit: https://www.seleniumhq.org/exceptions/no_such_element.html
Build info: version: '3.141.59', revision: 'e82be7d358', time: '2018-11-14T08:17:03'
System info: host: 'CNSHA1N6084', ip: '192.168.0.104', os.name: 'Windows 10', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '10.0', java.version: '1.8.0_241'
Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver
Capabilities {acceptInsecureCerts: false, browserName: chrome, browserVersion: 80.0.3987.149, chrome: {chromedriverVersion: 80.0.3987.106 (f68069574609..., userDataDir: C:\Users\chenxi20\AppData\L...}, goog:chromeOptions: {debuggerAddress: localhost:63084}, javascriptEnabled: true, networkConnectionEnabled: false, pageLoadStrategy: normal, platform: WINDOWS, platformName: WINDOWS, proxy: Proxy(), setWindowRect: true, strictFileInteractability: false, timeouts: {implicit: 0, pageLoad: 300000, script: 30000}, unhandledPromptBehavior: dismiss and notify}
Session ID: 5a59a5a9af9bc38082b3d39b2e6f08c4
*** Element info: {Using=class name, value=bg s_btn}
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.W3CHttpResponseCodec.createException(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:187)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.W3CHttpResponseCodec.decode(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:122)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.W3CHttpResponseCodec.decode(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:49)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.HttpCommandExecutor.execute(HttpCommandExecutor.java:158)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverCommandExecutor.execute(DriverCommandExecutor.java:83)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:552)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:323)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElementByClassName(RemoteWebDriver.java:412)
at org.openqa.selenium.By$ByClassName.findElement(By.java:389)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:315)
at com.test.ElementLocate.main(ElementLocate.java:22)