asp.net導出Excel的方法

Asp.net導出excel的我認爲好的方法：

前提條件:

using System.Data.SqlClient;    //SqlConnection 用到這個命名空間
using System.Data;                    //DataSet 用到這個命名空間
using System.IO;                        //FileStream 用到這個命名空間

 

方法一：導出到csv文件，存放在服務器端任一路徑，然後給客戶下載

優點：
1、可以進行身份認證後給客戶下載，如果放到非web目錄就沒有對應的url，客戶無法隨時下載。
2、也是因爲生成了文件，所以佔用了服務器的空間，但是可以把文件名存放到數據庫，再次給客戶下載的時候不需要重複生成文件。
3、csv文件是文本文件，逗號隔開字段，回車隔開行，易於數據導入導出。

實現方法：
   SqlConnection conn=new SqlConnection(System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["conn"]);
   SqlDataAdapter da=new SqlDataAdapter("select * from tb1",conn);
   DataSet ds=new DataSet();
   da.Fill(ds,"table1");
   DataTable dt=ds.Tables["table1"];
   string name=System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["downloadurl"].ToString()+DateTime.Today.ToString("yyyyMMdd")+new Random(DateTime.Now.Millisecond).Next(10000).ToString()+".csv";//存放到web.config中downloadurl指定的路徑，文件格式爲當前日期+4位隨機數
   FileStream fs=new FileStream(name,FileMode.Create,FileAccess.Write);
   StreamWriter sw=new StreamWriter(fs,System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312"));
   sw.WriteLine("自動編號,姓名,年齡");
   foreach(DataRow dr in dt.Rows)
   {
    sw.WriteLine(dr["ID"]+","+dr["vName"]+","+dr["iAge"]);
   }
   sw.Close();
   Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=" + Server.UrlEncode(name));
   Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";// 指定返回的是一個不能被客戶端讀取的流，必須被下載
   Response.WriteFile(name); // 把文件流發送到客戶端
   Response.End();

方法二：導出到csv文件，不存放到服務器，直接給瀏覽器輸出文件流

優點：
1、隨時生成，不需要佔用資源
2、可以結合身份認證
3、同樣利於數據交換

實現方法：
SqlConnection conn=new SqlConnection(System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["conn"]);
   SqlDataAdapter da=new SqlDataAdapter("select * from tb1",conn);
   DataSet ds=new DataSet();
   da.Fill(ds,"table1");
   DataTable dt=ds.Tables["table1"];
   StringWriter sw=new StringWriter();
   sw.WriteLine("自動編號,姓名,年齡");
   foreach(DataRow dr in dt.Rows)
   {
    sw.WriteLine(dr["ID"]+","+dr["vName"]+","+dr["iAge"]);
   }
   sw.Close();
   Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=test.csv");
   Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";
   Response.ContentEncoding=System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312");
   Response.Write(sw);
   Response.End();

對方法一，二補充一點，如果你希望導出的是xls文件分隔符用\t就可以了，不要用逗號

代碼修改如下：
sw.WriteLine("自動編號\t姓名\t年齡");
   foreach(DataRow dr in dt.Rows)
   {
    sw.WriteLine(dr["ID"]+"\t"+dr["vName"]+"\t"+dr["iAge"]);
   }
另外，修改輸出的文件擴展名爲xls即可。

方法三：從datagrid導出html代碼，生成excel文件，給客戶端下載

優點：
1、有固定的格式，樣子好看（datagrid的樣子）

侷限性：
1、不適合數據交換，裏面有html代碼，比較亂，沒有固定格式
2、datagrid不能有分頁、排序等，否則出錯

實現方法：
Response.Clear();
   Response.Buffer= false;
   Response.Charset="GB2312";
   Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename=test.xls");
   Response.ContentEncoding=System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312");    Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";    this.EnableViewState = false;
   System.IO.StringWriter oStringWriter = new System.IO.StringWriter();
   System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter oHtmlTextWriter = new System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter(oStringWriter);
   this.DataGrid1.RenderControl(oHtmlTextWriter);
   Response.Write(oStringWriter.ToString());
   Response.End();

 

在這裏說明一點：有的網友反映代碼出現“沒有dr["id"]”之類的錯誤，這個代碼是按照我的數據結構來寫的，到時候相關的字段要換成你自己的纔是。

還有就是如果文件名需要中文的話，這麼修改Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename="+System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode("中文",System.Text.Encoding.UTF8)+".xls"); 

 

我的寫法:

 

public void getExcel(string mdDanHao)
    {
        string sqlconn = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["ErpConnectionString"].ConnectionString;
        SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(sqlconn);
        conn.Open();
        string sqlText = "exec duojieyongliang '" + mdDanHao + "'";
        SqlDataAdapter ada = new SqlDataAdapter(sqlText, conn);
        DataSet ds = new DataSet();

        ada.Fill(ds, "duojieyongliang9");

        DataTable tablex = ds.Tables["duojieyongliang9"];
        /////////////////////////////////////////

        StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
        sw.WriteLine("上級主件品號,版本,序號,元件品號,組成用量,底數,損耗率,工藝,取替代料,生效日期,失效日期,默認選擇,標準成本計算,備註,材料類型,標準批量,工單單別,備註2,品名,規格,庫存單位,主要倉庫,低階碼,主供應商,主供應商2,品號屬性");
        foreach (DataRow dr in tablex.Rows)
        {
            sw.WriteLine(dr[0] + "," + dr[1] + "," + dr[2] + "," + dr[3] + "," + dr[4] + "," + dr[5] + "," + dr[6] + "," + dr[7] + "," + dr[8] + "," + dr[9] + "," + dr[10] + "," + dr[11] + "," + dr[12] + "," + dr[13] + "," + dr[14] + "," + dr[15] + "," + dr[16] + "," + dr[17] + "," + dr[18] + "," + dr[19] + "," + dr[20] + "," + dr[21] + "," + dr[22] + "," + dr[23] + "," + dr[24] + "," + dr[25]);
        }
        sw.Close();
        Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=" + System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode("多階用量清單帶供應商", System.Text.Encoding.UTF8) + ".csv");
        Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";
        Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312");
        Response.Write(sw);

        conn.Close();
        ds.Dispose();
        ds.Clear();

        Response.End();

        //////////////////////////////////////////////
    }