MySQL 集羣

一 MySQL集羣簡介

上一篇文章我們提到MySQL 讀寫分離，這篇文章我們講解MySQL集羣。我們提到的集羣，是指多臺機器完成一個工作，最主要的場景是數據庫服務器和Web服務器，但是集羣環境不適合大規模計算。前面我們有提到MySQL AB複製，因爲MySQL AB複製不適合大規模運用，要解決這個問題，我們可以使用MySQL集羣。

 

MySQL集羣分爲三類節點：管理節點、SQL節點、存儲節點。管理節點的功能是管理其他節點，負責調度不同的SQL節點和存儲節點。SQL節點作用是用戶和該節點進行交互，用戶發送SQL語句到該節點，進行讀寫請求。存儲節點負責到磁盤中讀數據和寫數據。MySQL集羣中採用一種特殊存儲引擎，名叫NDB。NDB負責對數據進行讀寫，並保證節點之間的數據一致性，存儲節點沒有必要使用共享存儲，因爲第一存儲節點本身的數據互爲鏡像，本身已經對數據做了備份。其中，管理節點只需要一個，SQL節點根據業務需要可以有多個，存儲節點同理。

 

二 MySQL集羣示意圖

      

圖片來源：http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/mysql-cluster-overview.html

 

三 使用MySQL集羣的優劣

3.1 優勢

1.處理業務能力大幅提高；

2.用戶關注的點更集中於業務；

3.數據不易丟失，因爲存儲節點對數據做備份。當然不要完全依靠MySQL集羣，制定合理的備份和恢復策略還是很有必要的；

4.在SQL節點有多臺的情況下，一臺SQL節點宕機不影響，只需要開發人員手動判斷該節點是否在線，不在線切換到另一臺SQL節點上，保證了高可用性。

 

3.2 劣勢

1.成本提高，因爲MySQL集羣至少需要三臺服務器；

2.運維難度增強，因爲服務器數量增加。

 

四 搭建MySQL環境

4.1 實驗環境簡介

屬性                     IP                           主機名

管理節點           192.168.1.11       mgmd

存儲節點           192.168.1.14       ndb01

存儲節點           192.168.1.15       ndb02

SQL節點           192.168.1.12        sql01

SQL節點           192.168.1.13        sql02

 

MySQL集羣網絡拓撲圖

4.2 操作系統版本

RHEL Server6.1 64位系統

 

4.3 使用到的軟件包版本

mysql-cluster-gpl-7.1.4b-linux-x86_64-glibc23.tar.gz

 

4.4 準備工作

第一步，拷貝文件

[root@larrywen opt]# scp mysql-cluster-gpl-7.1.4b-linux-x86_64-glibc23.tar.gz 192.168.1.11:/opt/
[root@larrywen opt]# scp mysql-cluster-gpl-7.1.4b-linux-x86_64-glibc23.tar.gz 192.168.1.12:/opt/
[root@larrywen opt]# scp mysql-cluster-gpl-7.1.4b-linux-x86_64-glibc23.tar.gz 192.168.1.13:/opt/
[root@larrywen opt]# scp mysql-cluster-gpl-7.1.4b-linux-x86_64-glibc23.tar.gz 192.168.1.14:/opt/
[root@larrywen opt]# scp mysql-cluster-gpl-7.1.4b-linux-x86_64-glibc23.tar.gz 192.168.1.15:/opt/

 

第二步，修改主機名

[root@serv01 ~]# hostname mgmd.host.com
[root@serv01 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network
[root@serv01 ~]# cat !$
cat /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=mgmd.host.com
[root@serv01 ~]# hostname 
mgmd.host.com

[root@serv02 ~]# hostname sql01.host.com
[root@serv02 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network
[root@serv02 ~]# cat !$
cat /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=sql01.host.com
[root@serv02 ~]# hostname 
sql01.host.com

[root@serv03 ~]# hostname sql02.host.com
[root@serv03 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network
[root@serv03 ~]# cat !$
cat /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=sql02.host.com
[root@serv03 ~]# hostname
sql02.host.com

[root@serv04 ~]# hostname ndb01.host.com
[root@serv04 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network
[root@serv04 ~]# cat !$
cat /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=ndb01.host.com
[root@serv04 ~]# hostname 
ndb01.host.com

[root@serv05 ~]# hostname ndb02.host.com
[root@serv05 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network
[root@serv05 ~]# cat !$
cat /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=ndb02.host.com
[root@serv05 ~]# hostname 
ndb02.host.com

第三步，確定IP地址

[root@mgmd ~]# ifconfig | grep eth -A1
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:07:DD:3B  
          inet addr:192.168.1.11  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0

[root@sql01 ~]# ifconfig | grep eth -A1
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:6A:EC:97  
          inet addr:192.168.1.12  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0

[root@sql02 ~]# ifconfig | grep eth -A1
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:BD:08:05  
          inet addr:192.168.1.13  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0

[root@ndb01 ~]# ifconfig | grep eth -A1
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:0F:1A:09  
          inet addr:192.168.1.14  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0

[root@ndb02 ~]# ifconfig | grep eth -A1
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:77:CB:2F  
          inet addr:192.168.1.15  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0

4.5 管理節點搭建

第一步，添加mysql組和用戶

[root@mgmd opt]# groupadd -g 27 mysql
[root@mgmd opt]# useradd -u 27 -g 27 -r -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
[root@mgmd opt]# id mysql
uid=27(mysql) gid=27(mysql) groups=27(mysql)

 

第二步，解壓二進制包

[root@mgmd opt]# tar -xvf mysql-cluster-gpl-7.1.4b-linux-x86_64-glibc23.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@mgmd opt]# cd /usr/local/

 

第三步，重命名安裝目錄，修改所有者和所屬組

[root@mgmd local]# mv mysql-cluster-gpl-7.1.4b-linux-x86_64-glibc23/ mysql
[root@mgmd local]# chown mysql. mysql/ -R
[root@mgmd local]# ll mysql/ -d
drwxr-xr-x 13 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11  2010 mysql/
[root@mgmd local]# ll mysql/
total 244
drwxr-xr-x  2 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 bin
-rw-r--r--  1 mysql mysql  19071 Jun 11  2010 COPYING
drwxr-x---  4 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 data
drwxr-xr-x  2 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 docs
-rw-r--r--  1 mysql mysql   5139 Jun 11  2010 EXCEPTIONS-CLIENT
drwxr-xr-x  3 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 include
-rw-r--r--  1 mysql mysql   9748 Jun 11  2010 INSTALL-BINARY
drwxr-xr-x  3 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 lib
drwxr-xr-x  4 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 man
drwxr-xr-x 10 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 mysql-test
-rw-r--r--  1 mysql mysql 161295 Jun 11  2010 README
drwxr-xr-x  2 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 scripts
drwxr-xr-x 28 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 share
drwxr-xr-x  5 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 sql-bench
drwxr-xr-x  2 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 support-files

第四步，拷貝配置文件，編輯該文件，內容如下

[root@mgmd local]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/ndb-config-2-node.ini /etc/ndb-config.ini
[root@mgmd local]# vim /etc/ndb-config.ini 
[root@mgmd local]# cat /etc/ndb-config.ini 
# Example Ndbcluster storage engine config file.
#
[ndbd default]
NoOfReplicas= 2
MaxNoOfConcurrentOperations= 10000
DataMemory= 80M
IndexMemory= 24M
TimeBetweenWatchDogCheck= 30000
DataDir= /var/lib/mysql-cluster
MaxNoOfOrderedIndexes= 512

[ndb_mgmd default]
#確定該目錄存在
DataDir= /var/lib/mysql-cluster

[ndb_mgmd]
Id=1
HostName= 192.168.1.11

[ndbd]
Id= 2
HostName= 192.168.1.14

[ndbd]
Id= 3
HostName= 192.168.1.15

[mysqld]
Id= 4
HostName= 192.168.1.12

[mysqld]
Id= 5
HostName= 192.168.1.13

# choose an unused port number
# in this configuration 63132, 63133, and 63134
# will be used
[tcp default]
PortNumber= 63132

第五步，創建數據目錄，修改所有者和所屬組

[root@mgmd local]# mkdir /var/lib/mysql-cluster
[root@mgmd local]# chown mysql. /var/lib/mysql-cluster/ -R
[root@mgmd local]# ll -d /var/lib/mysql-cluster/
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Nov  4 23:39 /var/lib/mysql-cluster/

 

第六步，啓動ndb_mgmd

[root@mgmd local]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/ndb_mgmd -f /etc/ndb-config.ini 
2013-11-04 23:46:12 [MgmtSrvr] INFO     -- NDB Cluster Management Server. mysql-5.1.44 ndb-7.1.4b
2013-11-04 23:46:12 [MgmtSrvr] INFO     -- The default config directory '/usr/local/mysql/mysql-cluster' does not exist. Trying to create it...
2013-11-04 23:46:12 [MgmtSrvr] INFO     -- Sucessfully created config directory
2013-11-04 23:46:12 [MgmtSrvr] INFO     -- Reading cluster configuration from '/etc/ndb-config.ini'
2013-11-04 23:46:12 [MgmtSrvr] WARNING  -- at line 39: [tcp] PortNumber is depricated, use Port used for this transporter instead
2013-11-04 23:46:13 [MgmtSrvr] INFO     -- Reading cluster configuration from '/etc/ndb-config.ini'
2013-11-04 23:46:13 [MgmtSrvr] WARNING  -- at line 39: [tcp] PortNumber is depricated, use Port used for this transporter instead

--確定進程和端口號
[root@mgmd local]# ps -ef | grep mgm | grep -v grep
root      1070     1  0 23:46 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/ndb_mgmd -f /etc/ndb-config.ini
[root@mgmd local]# netstat -langput | grep mgm
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:1186                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      1070/ndb_mgmd       
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:1186              127.0.0.1:55252             ESTABLISHED 1070/ndb_mgmd       
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:55252             127.0.0.1:1186              ESTABLISHED 1070/ndb_mgmd    

[root@mgmd local]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/ndb_mgm
-- NDB Cluster -- Management Client --
ndb_mgm> show
Connected to Management Server at: localhost:1186
Cluster Configuration
---------------------
[ndbd(NDB)] 2 node(s)
id=2 (not connected, accepting connect from 192.168.1.14)
id=3 (not connected, accepting connect from 192.168.1.15)

[ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s)
id=1  @192.168.1.11  (mysql-5.1.44 ndb-7.1.4)

[mysqld(API)] 2 node(s)
id=4 (not connected, accepting connect from 192.168.1.12)
id=5 (not connected, accepting connect from 192.168.1.13)

4.6 存儲節點搭建

第一步，ndb01添加mysql組和用戶

[root@ndb01 ~]# groupadd -g 27 mysql
[root@ndb01 ~]# useradd -u 27 -g 27 -r -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
[root@ndb01 ~]# id mysql
uid=27(mysql) gid=27(mysql) groups=27(mysql)
[root@ndb01 ~]# cd /opt/

第二步，ndb01解壓二進制包

[root@ndb01 opt]# tar -xvf mysql-cluster-gpl-7.1.4b-linux-x86_64-glibc23.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@ndb01 opt]# cd /usr/local/

第三步，ndb01重命名安裝目錄，修改所有者和所屬組

[root@ndb01 local]# mv mysql-cluster-gpl-7.1.4b-linux-x86_64-glibc23/ mysql
[root@ndb01 local]# chown mysql. mysql/ -R
[root@ndb01 local]# ll -d mysql/
drwxr-xr-x 13 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11  2010 mysql/
[root@ndb01 local]# ll mysql/
total 244
drwxr-xr-x  2 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 bin
-rw-r--r--  1 mysql mysql  19071 Jun 11  2010 COPYING
drwxr-x---  4 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 data
drwxr-xr-x  2 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 docs
-rw-r--r--  1 mysql mysql   5139 Jun 11  2010 EXCEPTIONS-CLIENT
drwxr-xr-x  3 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 include
-rw-r--r--  1 mysql mysql   9748 Jun 11  2010 INSTALL-BINARY
drwxr-xr-x  3 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 lib
drwxr-xr-x  4 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 man
drwxr-xr-x 10 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 mysql-test
-rw-r--r--  1 mysql mysql 161295 Jun 11  2010 README
drwxr-xr-x  2 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 scripts
drwxr-xr-x 28 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 share
drwxr-xr-x  5 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 sql-bench
drwxr-xr-x  2 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 support-files

第四步，ndb01進入mysql目錄，拷貝模板文件，修改該文件，內容如下

[root@ndb01 local]# cd mysql/
[root@ndb01 mysql]# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf 
cp: overwrite `/etc/my.cnf'? y
[root@ndb01 mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf 
[root@ndb01 mysql]# grep "^#\|^$" /etc/my.cnf -v
[client]
port    = 3306
socket    = /tmp/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
port    = 3306
socket    = /tmp/mysql.sock
skip-locking
key_buffer_size = 16M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 64
sort_buffer_size = 512K
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=mixed
server-id = 1
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 20M
sort_buffer_size = 20M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
[mysql_cluster]
ndb_connectstring=192.168.1.11

#下劃線或者橫線都可以
#ndb-connectstring=192.168.1.11

第五步，ndb01創建數據目錄，修改所有者和所屬組

[root@ndb01 mysql]# mkdir /var/lib/mysql-cluster
[root@ndb01 mysql]# chown mysql.mysql !$ -R
chown mysql.mysql /var/lib/mysql-cluster -R
[root@ndb01 mysql]# ll -d /var/lib/mysql-cluster/
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Nov  4 23:54 /var/lib/mysql-cluster/

第六步，ndb01初始化ndbd

[root@ndb01 mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/ndbd --initial
2013-11-04 23:57:06 [ndbd] INFO     -- Configuration fetched from '192.168.1.11:1186', generation: 1

#查看狀態
[root@ndb01 mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/ndb_mgm
-- NDB Cluster -- Management Client --
ndb_mgm> show
Connected to Management Server at: 192.168.1.11:1186
Cluster Configuration
---------------------
[ndbd(NDB)] 2 node(s)
id=2  @192.168.1.14  (mysql-5.1.44 ndb-7.1.4, starting, Nodegroup: 0)
id=3 (not connected, accepting connect from 192.168.1.15)

[ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s)
id=1  @192.168.1.11  (mysql-5.1.44 ndb-7.1.4)

[mysqld(API)] 2 node(s)
id=4 (not connected, accepting connect from 192.168.1.12)
id=5 (not connected, accepting connect from 192.168.1.13)

第七步，ndb02和ndb01執行相同的操作，如下：

[root@ndb02 ~]# groupadd -g 27 mysql
[root@ndb02 ~]# useradd -u 27 -g 27 -r -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
[root@ndb02 ~]# id mysql
uid=27(mysql) gid=27(mysql) groups=27(mysql)
[root@ndb02 opt]# tar -xvf mysql-cluster-gpl-7.1.4b-linux-x86_64-glibc23.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ 

[root@ndb02 opt]# cd /usr/local/
[root@ndb02 local]# mv mysql-cluster-gpl-7.1.4b-linux-x86_64-glibc23/ mysql
[root@ndb02 local]# chown mysql. mysql/ -R
[root@ndb02 local]# ll -d mysql/
drwxr-xr-x 13 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11  2010 mysql/
[root@ndb02 local]# ll mysql/
total 244
drwxr-xr-x  2 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 bin
-rw-r--r--  1 mysql mysql  19071 Jun 11  2010 COPYING
drwxr-x---  4 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 data
drwxr-xr-x  2 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 docs
-rw-r--r--  1 mysql mysql   5139 Jun 11  2010 EXCEPTIONS-CLIENT
drwxr-xr-x  3 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 include
-rw-r--r--  1 mysql mysql   9748 Jun 11  2010 INSTALL-BINARY
drwxr-xr-x  3 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 lib
drwxr-xr-x  4 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 man
drwxr-xr-x 10 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 mysql-test
-rw-r--r--  1 mysql mysql 161295 Jun 11  2010 README
drwxr-xr-x  2 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 scripts
drwxr-xr-x 28 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 share
drwxr-xr-x  5 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 sql-bench
drwxr-xr-x  2 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 support-files

[root@ndb02 local]# mkdir /var/lib/mysql-cluster
[root@ndb02 local]# chown mysql. /var/lib/mysql-cluster/ -R
[root@ndb02 local]# ll -d /var/lib/mysql-cluster/
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Nov  5 00:00 /var/lib/mysql-cluster/

[root@ndb02 local]# cd mysql/
[root@ndb02 mysql]# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf 
cp: overwrite `/etc/my.cnf'? y
[root@ndb02 mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf 
[root@ndb02 mysql]# grep "^#\|^$" !$ -v
grep "^#\|^$" /etc/my.cnf -v
[client]
port    = 3306
socket    = /tmp/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
port    = 3306
socket    = /tmp/mysql.sock
skip-locking
key_buffer_size = 16M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 64
sort_buffer_size = 512K
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=mixed
server-id = 1
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 20M
sort_buffer_size = 20M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
[mysql_cluster]
ndb_connectstring=192.168.1.11

[root@ndb02 mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/ndbd --initial
2013-11-05 00:02:18 [ndbd] INFO     -- Configuration fetched from '192.168.1.11:1186', generation: 1
[root@ndb02 mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/ndb_mgm
-- NDB Cluster -- Management Client --
ndb_mgm> show
Connected to Management Server at: 192.168.1.11:1186
Cluster Configuration
---------------------
[ndbd(NDB)] 2 node(s)
id=2  @192.168.1.14  (mysql-5.1.44 ndb-7.1.4, Nodegroup: 0, Master)
id=3  @192.168.1.15  (mysql-5.1.44 ndb-7.1.4, Nodegroup: 0)

[ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s)
id=1  @192.168.1.11  (mysql-5.1.44 ndb-7.1.4)

[mysqld(API)] 2 node(s)
id=4 (not connected, accepting connect from 192.168.1.12)
id=5 (not connected, accepting connect from 192.168.1.13)

4.7 SQL節點搭建

第一步，sql01添加mysql組和用戶

[root@sql01 ~]# groupadd -g 27 mysql
[root@sql01 ~]# useradd -u 27 -g 27 -r -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
[root@sql01 ~]# id mysql
uid=27(mysql) gid=27(mysql) groups=27(mysql)
[root@sql01 ~]# cd /opt/

 

第二步，sql01解壓二進制包

[root@sql01 opt]# tar -xvf mysql-cluster-gpl-7.1.4b-linux-x86_64-glibc23.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

 

第三步，sql01重命名安裝目錄，修改所有者和所屬組

[root@sql01 opt]# cd /usr/local/
[root@sql01 local]# mv mysql-cluster-gpl-7.1.4b-linux-x86_64-glibc23/ mysql
[root@sql01 local]# chown mysql. mysql/ -R
[root@sql01 local]# ll -d mysql/
drwxr-xr-x 13 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11  2010 mysql/
[root@sql01 local]# ll mysql/
total 244
drwxr-xr-x  2 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 bin
-rw-r--r--  1 mysql mysql  19071 Jun 11  2010 COPYING
drwxr-x---  4 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 data
drwxr-xr-x  2 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 docs
-rw-r--r--  1 mysql mysql   5139 Jun 11  2010 EXCEPTIONS-CLIENT
drwxr-xr-x  3 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 include
-rw-r--r--  1 mysql mysql   9748 Jun 11  2010 INSTALL-BINARY
drwxr-xr-x  3 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 lib
drwxr-xr-x  4 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 man
drwxr-xr-x 10 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 mysql-test
-rw-r--r--  1 mysql mysql 161295 Jun 11  2010 README
drwxr-xr-x  2 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 scripts
drwxr-xr-x 28 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 share
drwxr-xr-x  5 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 sql-bench
drwxr-xr-x  2 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 support-files

第四步，sql01拷貝配置文件，並修改，如下

[root@sql01 local]# cd mysql/
[root@sql01 mysql]# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf 
cp: overwrite `/etc/my.cnf'? y
[root@sql01 mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf 
[root@sql01 mysql]# grep "^#\|^$" !$ -v
grep "^#\|^$" /etc/my.cnf -v
[client]
port    = 3306
socket    = /tmp/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql-cluster
ndbcluster
default-storage-engine=ndbcluster
port    = 3306
socket    = /tmp/mysql.sock
skip-locking
key_buffer_size = 16M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 64
sort_buffer_size = 512K
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=mixed
server-id = 1
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 20M
sort_buffer_size = 20M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
[mysql_cluster]
ndb_connectstring=192.168.1.11

第五步，sql01拷貝運行腳本，添加可執行權限

[root@sql01 mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@sql01 mysql]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld 

第六步，sql01創建數據目錄，修改所有者和所屬組

[root@sql01 mysql]# mkdir /var/lib/mysql-cluster
[root@sql01 mysql]# chown mysql. !$ -R
chown mysql. /var/lib/mysql-cluster -R
[root@sql01 mysql]# ll -d /var/lib/mysql-cluster/
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Nov  5 00:06 /var/lib/mysql-cluster/

第七步，sql01初始化數據庫

[root@sql01 mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
WARNING: The host 'sql01.host.com' could not be looked up with resolveip.
This probably means that your libc libraries are not 100 % compatible
with this binary MySQL version. The MySQL daemon, mysqld, should work
normally with the exception that host name resolving will not work.
This means that you should use IP addresses instead of hostnames
when specifying MySQL privileges !
Installing MySQL system tables...
131105  0:07:32 [Warning] The syntax '--skip-locking' is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please use --skip-external-locking instead.
OK
Filling help tables...
131105  0:07:32 [Warning] The syntax '--skip-locking' is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please use --skip-external-locking instead.
OK

To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:

./bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
./bin/mysqladmin -u root -h sql01.host.com password 'new-password'

Alternatively you can run:
./bin/mysql_secure_installation

which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default.  This is
strongly recommended for production servers.

See the manual for more instructions.

You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd . ; ./bin/mysqld_safe &

You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd ./mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl

Please report any problems with the ./bin/mysqlbug script!

第八步，sql01啓動mysql，並加入ndb

[root@sql01 mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 
[root@sql01 mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/ndb_mgm
-- NDB Cluster -- Management Client --
ndb_mgm> show
Connected to Management Server at: 192.168.1.11:1186
Cluster Configuration
---------------------
[ndbd(NDB)] 2 node(s)
id=2  @192.168.1.14  (mysql-5.1.44 ndb-7.1.4, Nodegroup: 0, Master)
id=3  @192.168.1.15  (mysql-5.1.44 ndb-7.1.4, Nodegroup: 0)

[ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s)
id=1  @192.168.1.11  (mysql-5.1.44 ndb-7.1.4)

[mysqld(API)] 2 node(s)
id=4  @192.168.1.12  (mysql-5.1.44 ndb-7.1.4)
id=5 (not connected, accepting connect from 192.168.1.13)

第九步，sql02執行和sql01相同的操作，如下：

[root@sql02 ~]# groupadd -g 27 mysql
[root@sql02 ~]# useradd -u 27 -g 27 -r -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
[root@sql02 ~]# id mysql
uid=27(mysql) gid=27(mysql) groups=27(mysql)
[root@sql02 ~]# cd /opt/
[root@sql02 opt]# tar -xvf mysql-cluster-gpl-7.1.4b-linux-x86_64-glibc23.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

[root@sql02 opt]# cd !$
cd /usr/local/
[root@sql02 local]# mv mysql-cluster-gpl-7.1.4b-linux-x86_64-glibc23/ mysql
[root@sql02 local]# chown mysql. mysql/ -R
[root@sql02 local]# ll -d mysql/
drwxr-xr-x 13 mysql mysql 4096 Jun 11  2010 mysql/
[root@sql02 local]# ll mysql/
total 244
drwxr-xr-x  2 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 bin
-rw-r--r--  1 mysql mysql  19071 Jun 11  2010 COPYING
drwxr-x---  4 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 data
drwxr-xr-x  2 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 docs
-rw-r--r--  1 mysql mysql   5139 Jun 11  2010 EXCEPTIONS-CLIENT
drwxr-xr-x  3 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 include
-rw-r--r--  1 mysql mysql   9748 Jun 11  2010 INSTALL-BINARY
drwxr-xr-x  3 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 lib
drwxr-xr-x  4 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 man
drwxr-xr-x 10 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 mysql-test
-rw-r--r--  1 mysql mysql 161295 Jun 11  2010 README
drwxr-xr-x  2 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 scripts
drwxr-xr-x 28 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 share
drwxr-xr-x  5 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 sql-bench
drwxr-xr-x  2 mysql mysql   4096 Jun 11  2010 support-files

[root@sql02 local]# mkdir /var/lib/mysql-cluster
[root@sql02 local]# chown mysql. /var/lib/mysql-cluster -R
[root@sql02 local]# ll -d /var/lib/mysql-cluster/
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Nov  5 00:10 /var/lib/mysql-cluster/

[root@sql02 local]# cd mysql/
[root@sql02 mysql]# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf 
cp: overwrite `/etc/my.cnf'? y 
[root@sql02 mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf 
[root@sql02 mysql]# grep "^#\|^$" /etc/my.cnf -v
[client]
port    = 3306
socket    = /tmp/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql-cluster
ndbcluster
default-storage-engine=ndbcluster
port    = 3306
socket    = /tmp/mysql.sock
skip-locking
key_buffer_size = 16M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 64
sort_buffer_size = 512K
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=mixed
server-id = 1
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 20M
sort_buffer_size = 20M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
[mysql_cluster]
ndb_connectstring=192.168.1.11

[root@sql02 mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@sql02 mysql]# chmod +x !$
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@sql02 mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
WARNING: The host 'sql02.host.com' could not be looked up with resolveip.
This probably means that your libc libraries are not 100 % compatible
with this binary MySQL version. The MySQL daemon, mysqld, should work
normally with the exception that host name resolving will not work.
This means that you should use IP addresses instead of hostnames
when specifying MySQL privileges !
Installing MySQL system tables...
131105  0:14:20 [Warning] The syntax '--skip-locking' is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please use --skip-external-locking instead.
OK
Filling help tables...
131105  0:14:20 [Warning] The syntax '--skip-locking' is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please use --skip-external-locking instead.
OK

To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:

./bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
./bin/mysqladmin -u root -h sql02.host.com password 'new-password'

Alternatively you can run:
./bin/mysql_secure_installation

which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default.  This is
strongly recommended for production servers.

See the manual for more instructions.

You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd . ; ./bin/mysqld_safe &

You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd ./mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl

Please report any problems with the ./bin/mysqlbug script!
[root@sql02 mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 

[root@sql02 mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/ndb_mgm
-- NDB Cluster -- Management Client --
ndb_mgm> show
Connected to Management Server at: 192.168.1.11:1186
Cluster Configuration
---------------------
[ndbd(NDB)] 2 node(s)
id=2  @192.168.1.14  (mysql-5.1.44 ndb-7.1.4, Nodegroup: 0, Master)
id=3  @192.168.1.15  (mysql-5.1.44 ndb-7.1.4, Nodegroup: 0)

[ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s)
id=1  @192.168.1.11  (mysql-5.1.44 ndb-7.1.4)

[mysqld(API)] 2 node(s)
id=4  @192.168.1.12  (mysql-5.1.44 ndb-7.1.4)
id=5  @192.168.1.13  (mysql-5.1.44 ndb-7.1.4)

4.8 測試

第一步，sql02創建測試數據庫，sql01可以發現

[root@sql02 mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.1.44-ndb-7.1.4b-cluster-gpl-log MySQL Cluster Server (GPL)

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> create database larrydb;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.21 sec)

mysql> 

[root@sql01 mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.1.44-ndb-7.1.4b-cluster-gpl-log MySQL Cluster Server (GPL)

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| larrydb            |
| mysql              |
| ndbinfo            |
| test               |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

第二步，sql01創建測試表，插入測試數據，sql02可以發現變化

mysql> use larrydb;
Database changed
mysql> create table user(id int,name varchar(30));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.62 sec)

mysql> insert into user values(1,'larry');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)

sql02
mysql> select * from larrydb.user;
+------+-------+
| id   | name  |
+------+-------+
|    1 | larry |
+------+-------+
1 row in set (0.04 sec)

如果只能使用三臺服務器，可以這樣配置：sql節點和ndb節點放在一起。管理節點做如下配置：

#管理節點
[ndb_mgmd]
Id=1
HostName= 192.168.1.11

[ndbd]
Id= 2
HostName= 192.168.1.14

[ndbd]
Id= 3
HostName= 192.168.1.15

[mysqld]
Id= 4

[mysqld]
Id= 5

#其他節點做sql節點的配置即可

        

五 參考資料

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/mysql-cluster.html

  我的郵箱：[email protected]
  新浪微博：@jutdb         
  微信公衆平臺：JustOracle（微信號：justoracle）
  數據庫技術交流羣：336882565（加羣時驗證 From CSDN XXX）
  All is well
  2013年12月22日
  By Larry Wen

	@Wentasy 博文僅供參考，歡迎大家來訪。如有錯誤之處，希望批評指正。原創博文如需轉載請註明出處，謝謝 :) [CSDN博客]