探究LayoutInflater的inflate()方法

       LayoutInfalter佈局加載器,在實際的開發中其作用是非常的大的。id通常用來讓我們獲得佈局中控件的id,這個id在R文件中註冊。但有時候,相當多的時候,我們需要獲得佈局文件,那該怎麼辦呢?

       此時,佈局加載器就起作用了。Activity類中提供了一個工廠方法getLayoutInflater()來獲得LayoutInfalter對象。接下來我們看看LayoutInfalter的inflate()方法的4個重載形式:


1、public View inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root)

2、public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root)

3、public View inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot)

4、public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot)

四個方法的參數意義:

int resource  你要加載的佈局資源的id,比如R.layout.main_page

ViewGroup root 視圖容器類型,是生成的層次結構的可選視圖。就是說,你要將佈局資源放到的視圖容器中。

XmlPullParser parser  剖析器 ,xml DOM 節點包含視圖體系的描述

boolean attachToRoot 布爾類型,是說是否將加載的佈局資源放到root容器中


我們看看四個方法的Android源碼:

public View inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root) {
        return inflate(resource, root, root != null);
    }


public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root) {
        return inflate(parser, root, root != null);
    }

這兩個都調用了另兩個重載的方法,因此我們主要看後兩個方法。

public View inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) {
        if (DEBUG) System.out.println("INFLATING from resource: " + resource);
        XmlResourceParser parser = getContext().getResources().getLayout(resource);
        try {
            return inflate(parser, root, attachToRoot);
        } finally {
            parser.close();
        }
    }

DEBUG是LayoutInflater定義的一個私有的最終的布爾型常量,默認值爲false


public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) {
        synchronized (mConstructorArgs) {
            final AttributeSet attrs = Xml.asAttributeSet(parser);
            Context lastContext = (Context)mConstructorArgs[0];
            mConstructorArgs[0] = mContext;
            View result = root;

            try {
                // Look for the root node.
                int type;
                while ((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.START_TAG &&
                        type != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
                    // Empty
                }

                if (type != XmlPullParser.START_TAG) {
                    throw new InflateException(parser.getPositionDescription()
                            + ": No start tag found!");
                }

                final String name = parser.getName();
               
                if (DEBUG) {
                    System.out.println("**************************");
                    System.out.println("Creating root view: "
                            + name);
                    System.out.println("**************************");
                }

                if (TAG_MERGE.equals(name)) {
                    if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {
                        throw new InflateException("<merge /> can be used only with a valid "
                                + "ViewGroup root and attachToRoot=true");
                    }

                    rInflate(parser, root, attrs, false);
                } else {
                    // Temp is the root view that was found in the xml
                    View temp;
                    if (TAG_1995.equals(name)) {
                        temp = new BlinkLayout(mContext, attrs);
                    } else {
                        temp = createViewFromTag(root, name, attrs);
                    }

                    ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = null;

                    if (root != null) {
                        if (DEBUG) {
                            System.out.println("Creating params from root: " +
                                    root);
                        }
                        // Create layout params that match root, if supplied
                        params = root.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
                        if (!attachToRoot) {
                            // Set the layout params for temp if we are not
                            // attaching. (If we are, we use addView, below)
                            temp.setLayoutParams(params);
                        }
                    }

                    if (DEBUG) {
                        System.out.println("-----> start inflating children");
                    }
                    // Inflate all children under temp
                    rInflate(parser, temp, attrs, true);
                    if (DEBUG) {
                        System.out.println("-----> done inflating children");
                    }

                    // We are supposed to attach all the views we found (int temp)
                    // to root. Do that now.
                    if (root != null && attachToRoot) {
                        root.addView(temp, params);
                    }

                    // Decide whether to return the root that was passed in or the
                    // top view found in xml.
                    if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {
                        result = temp;
                    }
                }

            } catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
                InflateException ex = new InflateException(e.getMessage());
                ex.initCause(e);
                throw ex;
            } catch (IOException e) {
                InflateException ex = new InflateException(
                        parser.getPositionDescription()
                        + ": " + e.getMessage());
                ex.initCause(e);
                throw ex;
            } finally {
                // Don't retain static reference on context.
                mConstructorArgs[0] = lastContext;
                mConstructorArgs[1] = null;
            }

            return result;
        }
    }

最終返回的是一個View對象,我們可以通過這個對象獲得R.layout.main_page中的控件。比如下面的一個自定義適配器類中的一段代碼:

public View getView(int position, View itemView, ViewGroup root) {
  itemLayout_onload = LayoutInflater.from(context);
  itemView=itemLayout_onload.inflate(itemLayoutId, root,false);
  
  ImageView imageView = (ImageView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.item_imageView_user);
  TextView textView_name = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.contactsActivity_textView_name);
  TextView textView_number = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.contactsActivity_textView_contactsTelephone);
  
  imageView.setImageResource(arrayList_contacts.get(position).getImageID());
  textView_name.setText(arrayList_contacts.get(position).getName());
  textView_number.setText(arrayList_contacts.get(position).getNumber());
  
  return itemView;
 }

上面這段代碼是一個利用ListView來顯示手機中,聯繫人列表的一個應用中適配器的一段代碼。有可能有些開發者會遇到一些問題。(當然上面這段是沒問題的)

比如這樣itemView=itemLayout_onload.inflate(itemLayoutId, root,true);將最後一個參數設置爲true後報錯下面的錯誤:

java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException: addView(View, LayoutParams) is not supported in AdapterView

很顯然,是說在添加視圖的過程中出錯了!很多人不知道到底哪兒出錯了。

實際上,我們另外做一個測試應用,新建個樣式:

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:id="@+id/testLayout"
    tools:context=".MainActivity" >

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
        android:layout_marginTop="111dp"
        android:text="Button" />

</RelativeLayout>


通過下面的代碼:

//實例化佈局加載器
        layoutInflater=getLayoutInflater();
        //找到主界面的RelativeLayout佈局
        RelativeLayout re=(RelativeLayout)findViewById(R.id.testLayout);
        //進行inflate動態加載
        View view=layoutInflater.inflate(R.layout.phone_acitvity_item, re, true);將R.layout.phone_acitvity_item佈局加載到relativeLayout容器中發現,並未報錯。

其實上面報錯的原因不在inflate的參數問題,而在於ListView中不能包含其他控件。細心的人會發現,在ListView中放入控件,直接在佈局界面變成灰色,並不可用,會拋出如下異常:

Exception raised during rendering: addView(View, LayoutParams) is not supported in AdapterView
Exception details are logged in Window > Show View > Error Log

有沒有發現這兒的報錯和前面在LogCat中的錯誤驚人的相似。錯了,不是驚人的相似,其實就是一樣的。明白剛纔爲什麼報錯了吧!


當然,還有些人會這樣寫:itemView=itemLayout_onload.inflate(itemLayoutId, null);以爲就忽略了ViewGroup,真的是這樣嗎?

你是否看到了前面兩個參數方法的源碼:

 public View inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root) {
        return inflate(resource, root, root != null);
    }

實際return inflate(resource, null, false);





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