探究LayoutInflater的inflate()方法

       LayoutInfalter布局加载器,在实际的开发中其作用是非常的大的。id通常用来让我们获得布局中控件的id,这个id在R文件中注册。但有时候,相当多的时候,我们需要获得布局文件,那该怎么办呢?

       此时,布局加载器就起作用了。Activity类中提供了一个工厂方法getLayoutInflater()来获得LayoutInfalter对象。接下来我们看看LayoutInfalter的inflate()方法的4个重载形式:


1、public View inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root)

2、public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root)

3、public View inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot)

4、public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot)

四个方法的参数意义:

int resource  你要加载的布局资源的id,比如R.layout.main_page

ViewGroup root 视图容器类型,是生成的层次结构的可选视图。就是说,你要将布局资源放到的视图容器中。

XmlPullParser parser  剖析器 ,xml DOM 节点包含视图体系的描述

boolean attachToRoot 布尔类型,是说是否将加载的布局资源放到root容器中


我们看看四个方法的Android源码:

public View inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root) {
        return inflate(resource, root, root != null);
    }


public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root) {
        return inflate(parser, root, root != null);
    }

这两个都调用了另两个重载的方法,因此我们主要看后两个方法。

public View inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) {
        if (DEBUG) System.out.println("INFLATING from resource: " + resource);
        XmlResourceParser parser = getContext().getResources().getLayout(resource);
        try {
            return inflate(parser, root, attachToRoot);
        } finally {
            parser.close();
        }
    }

DEBUG是LayoutInflater定义的一个私有的最终的布尔型常量,默认值为false


public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) {
        synchronized (mConstructorArgs) {
            final AttributeSet attrs = Xml.asAttributeSet(parser);
            Context lastContext = (Context)mConstructorArgs[0];
            mConstructorArgs[0] = mContext;
            View result = root;

            try {
                // Look for the root node.
                int type;
                while ((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.START_TAG &&
                        type != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
                    // Empty
                }

                if (type != XmlPullParser.START_TAG) {
                    throw new InflateException(parser.getPositionDescription()
                            + ": No start tag found!");
                }

                final String name = parser.getName();
               
                if (DEBUG) {
                    System.out.println("**************************");
                    System.out.println("Creating root view: "
                            + name);
                    System.out.println("**************************");
                }

                if (TAG_MERGE.equals(name)) {
                    if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {
                        throw new InflateException("<merge /> can be used only with a valid "
                                + "ViewGroup root and attachToRoot=true");
                    }

                    rInflate(parser, root, attrs, false);
                } else {
                    // Temp is the root view that was found in the xml
                    View temp;
                    if (TAG_1995.equals(name)) {
                        temp = new BlinkLayout(mContext, attrs);
                    } else {
                        temp = createViewFromTag(root, name, attrs);
                    }

                    ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = null;

                    if (root != null) {
                        if (DEBUG) {
                            System.out.println("Creating params from root: " +
                                    root);
                        }
                        // Create layout params that match root, if supplied
                        params = root.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
                        if (!attachToRoot) {
                            // Set the layout params for temp if we are not
                            // attaching. (If we are, we use addView, below)
                            temp.setLayoutParams(params);
                        }
                    }

                    if (DEBUG) {
                        System.out.println("-----> start inflating children");
                    }
                    // Inflate all children under temp
                    rInflate(parser, temp, attrs, true);
                    if (DEBUG) {
                        System.out.println("-----> done inflating children");
                    }

                    // We are supposed to attach all the views we found (int temp)
                    // to root. Do that now.
                    if (root != null && attachToRoot) {
                        root.addView(temp, params);
                    }

                    // Decide whether to return the root that was passed in or the
                    // top view found in xml.
                    if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {
                        result = temp;
                    }
                }

            } catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
                InflateException ex = new InflateException(e.getMessage());
                ex.initCause(e);
                throw ex;
            } catch (IOException e) {
                InflateException ex = new InflateException(
                        parser.getPositionDescription()
                        + ": " + e.getMessage());
                ex.initCause(e);
                throw ex;
            } finally {
                // Don't retain static reference on context.
                mConstructorArgs[0] = lastContext;
                mConstructorArgs[1] = null;
            }

            return result;
        }
    }

最终返回的是一个View对象,我们可以通过这个对象获得R.layout.main_page中的控件。比如下面的一个自定义适配器类中的一段代码:

public View getView(int position, View itemView, ViewGroup root) {
  itemLayout_onload = LayoutInflater.from(context);
  itemView=itemLayout_onload.inflate(itemLayoutId, root,false);
  
  ImageView imageView = (ImageView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.item_imageView_user);
  TextView textView_name = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.contactsActivity_textView_name);
  TextView textView_number = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.contactsActivity_textView_contactsTelephone);
  
  imageView.setImageResource(arrayList_contacts.get(position).getImageID());
  textView_name.setText(arrayList_contacts.get(position).getName());
  textView_number.setText(arrayList_contacts.get(position).getNumber());
  
  return itemView;
 }

上面这段代码是一个利用ListView来显示手机中,联系人列表的一个应用中适配器的一段代码。有可能有些开发者会遇到一些问题。(当然上面这段是没问题的)

比如这样itemView=itemLayout_onload.inflate(itemLayoutId, root,true);将最后一个参数设置为true后报错下面的错误:

java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException: addView(View, LayoutParams) is not supported in AdapterView

很显然,是说在添加视图的过程中出错了!很多人不知道到底哪儿出错了。

实际上,我们另外做一个测试应用,新建个样式:

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:id="@+id/testLayout"
    tools:context=".MainActivity" >

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
        android:layout_marginTop="111dp"
        android:text="Button" />

</RelativeLayout>


通过下面的代码:

//实例化布局加载器
        layoutInflater=getLayoutInflater();
        //找到主界面的RelativeLayout布局
        RelativeLayout re=(RelativeLayout)findViewById(R.id.testLayout);
        //进行inflate动态加载
        View view=layoutInflater.inflate(R.layout.phone_acitvity_item, re, true);将R.layout.phone_acitvity_item布局加载到relativeLayout容器中发现,并未报错。

其实上面报错的原因不在inflate的参数问题,而在于ListView中不能包含其他控件。细心的人会发现,在ListView中放入控件,直接在布局界面变成灰色,并不可用,会抛出如下异常:

Exception raised during rendering: addView(View, LayoutParams) is not supported in AdapterView
Exception details are logged in Window > Show View > Error Log

有没有发现这儿的报错和前面在LogCat中的错误惊人的相似。错了,不是惊人的相似,其实就是一样的。明白刚才为什么报错了吧!


当然,还有些人会这样写:itemView=itemLayout_onload.inflate(itemLayoutId, null);以为就忽略了ViewGroup,真的是这样吗?

你是否看到了前面两个参数方法的源码:

 public View inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root) {
        return inflate(resource, root, root != null);
    }

实际return inflate(resource, null, false);





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