SQL 數據庫的管理

官方學習文檔：

https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/sql/t-sql/statements/alter-database-transact-sql-file-and-filegroup-options?view=sql-server-2017

一、創建數據庫：

keywords : CREATE DATABASE ; ON ; PRIMARY ; FILEGROUP ; LOG ON

/*使用文件組創建數據庫*/
/*command:（1）主文件組包含文件sales6_data1和sales6_data2，存放於D盤，文件增量15%；
          （2）sales6_group1文件組包含文件sales6_gr1_data1和sales6_gr1_data2，存放於D盤，文件增量5MB；
	  （3）sales6_group2文件組包含文件sales6_gr2_data1和sales6_gr2_data2，存放於D盤，文件增量5MB；*/


CREATE DATABASE sales6
ON

/*主文件組*/

PRIMARY
(name = sales6_data1,
	filename = 'D:\1_SQL_server_study\sales6_data1.mdf',
	size = 10,
	maxsize = 50,
	filegrowth = 15%),
(name = sales6_data2,
	filename = 'D:\1_SQL_server_study\sales6_data2.ndf',
	size = 10,
	maxsize = 50,
	filegrowth = 15%),

/*sales6_group1文件組*/

FILEGROUP sales6_group1
(name = sales6_gr1_data1,
	filename = 'D:\1_SQL_server_study\sales6_gr1_data1.ndf',
	size = 10,
	maxsize = 50,
	filegrowth = 5),
(name = sales6_gr1_data2,
	filename = 'D:\1_SQL_server_study\sales6_gr1_data2.ndf',
	size = 10,
	maxsize = 50,
	filegrowth = 5),

/*sales6_group2文件組*/

FILEGROUP sales6_group2
(name = sales6_gr2_data1,
	filename = 'D:\1_SQL_server_study\sales6_gr2_data1.ndf',
	size = 10,
	maxsize = 50,
	filegrowth = 5),
(name = sales6_gr2_data2,
	filename = 'D:\1_SQL_server_study\sales6_gr2_data2.ndf',
	size = 10,
	maxsize = 50,
	filegrowth = 5)

/*日誌*/

LOG ON
(name = sales6_log,
	filename = 'D:\1_SQL_server_study\sales6_log.ldf',
	size = 5,
	maxsize = 25,
	filegrowth = 5)

二、修改數據庫

1、更改數據庫名稱 MODIFY

/*更改數據庫名稱*/
ALTER DATABASE sales
MODIFY NAME = Newsales

 另一種更名方法 EXEC sp_renamedb

/*使用系統存儲過程sp_renamedb實現*/
EXEC sp_renamedb 'Newsales','Sales'

 2、向數據庫中添加文件 ADD FILE

/*向數據庫中添加文件*/
ALTER DATABASE sales
ADD FILE
	(
	NAME = Sales_data2,
	FILENAME = 'D:\1_SQL_server_study\Sales_data2.ndf',
	SIZE =5 MB,
	MAXSIZE = 100 MB,
	FILEGROWTH = 5MB
	)

3、向數據庫中添加文件組 ADD FILEGROUP

/*向數據庫中添加由兩個文件組成的文件組*/
/*（1）添加文件組*/
ALTER DATABASE Sales
    ADD FILEGROUP sales_group1
    GO

 ALTER DATABASE Sales
 /*（2）向文件組中添加文件*/
    ADD FILE
	(
	NAME = sales_gr1_data1,
	FILENAME = 'D:\1_SQL_server_study\Sales_gr1_data1.ndf',
	SIZE = 5 MB,
	MAXSIZE = 100 MB,
	FILEGROWTH = 5MB
	),
	(
	NAME = sales_gr1_data2,
	FILENAME = 'D:\1_SQL_server_study\Sales_gr1_data2.ndf',
	SIZE = 5 MB,
	MAXSIZE = 100 MB,
	FILEGROWTH = 5MB
	)
    TO FILEGROUP sales_group1
    GO

/*（3）指定默認文件組*/
ALTER DATABASE Sales
    MODIFY FILEGROUP sales_group1 DEFAULT
    GO

GO是用來通知SQL server執行GO之前的一個或多個語句，不能和其他語句在同一行上。

4、向數據庫中添加日誌文件 ADD LOG FILE

/*向數據庫中添加日誌文件*/
ALTER DATABASE Sales
ADD LOG FILE
	(NAME = Sales_log2,
	FILENAME = 'D:\1_SQL_server_study\Sales_log2.ldf',
	SIZE = 5MB,
	MAXSIZE = 100MB,
	FILEGROWTH = 5MB)

5、刪除數據庫 REMOVE FILE

/*從數據庫中刪除文件*/
ALTER DATABASE Sales
REMOVE FILE sales_gr1_data2

6、更改文件 MODIFY FILE

/*更改文件*/
ALTER DATABASE Sales
MODIFY FILE
	(NAME = sales_gr1_data1,
	SIZE = 10MB)

7、刪除

/*刪除數據庫：當前正在使用的數據庫不能被刪除，系統數據庫也不能被刪除*/
DROP DATABASE Sales1,Sales6

三、練習：

/*(1)創建Sales數據庫*/
CREATE DATABASE Sales
ON
PRIMARY
(NAME = SalDat01,
FILENAME = 'D:\1_SQL_server_study\ SalDat01.mdf',
SIZE = 5 MB,
MAXSIZE = 10 MB,
FILEGROWTH = 5 MB),
(NAME = SalDat02,
FILENAME = 'D:\1_SQL_server_study\SalDat02.ndf',
SIZE = 5 MB,
MAXSIZE = 10 MB,
FILEGROWTH = 5 MB),

FILEGROUP FileGrp1
(NAME = SalDat11,
FILENAME = 'D:\1_SQL_server_study\SalDat11.ndf',
SIZE = 5 MB,
MAXSIZE = 10 MB,
FILEGROWTH = 5 MB),
(NAME = SalDat12,
FILENAME = 'D:\1_SQL_server_study\SalDat12.ndf',
SIZE = 5 MB,
MAXSIZE = 10 MB,
FILEGROWTH = 5 MB),
(NAME = SalDat13,
FILENAME = 'D:\1_SQL_server_study\SalDat13.ndf',
SIZE = 5 MB,
MAXSIZE = 10 MB,
FILEGROWTH = 5 MB)

/*添加日誌文件*/
ALTER DATABASE Sales
ADD LOG FILE
(NAME = SalLog02,
FILENAME = 'D:\1_SQL_server_study\SalLog03.ldf',
SIZE = 5 MB,
MAXSIZE = 10 MB,
FILEGROWTH = 20 %)


/*向主文件組添加數據文件*/
ALTER DATABASE Sales
ADD FILE
(NAME = SalDat03,
FILENAME = 'D:\1_SQL_server_study\SalDat03.ndf',
SIZE = 5 MB,
MAXSIZE = 10 MB,
FILEGROWTH = 20 %)

/*將Sales重命名爲OldSales*/
ALTER DATABASE Sales
MODIFY NAME = OldSales

DROP DATABASE OldSales