mysql5.7主从复制的实现
(1)环境准备
三台装有mysql机子,mysql安装详见《二进制安装mysql5.7》https://blog.csdn.net/niyifan2/article/details/102494658
master:192.168.164.151
slave_1:192.168.164.153
slave_2:192.168.164.155
关闭selinux
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost ~]# getenforce
Permissive
关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld.service
systemctl disable firewalld.service #禁止开机自启动
firewall-cmd --state #显示为not running即为关闭状态
(2)master 端配置
1.vi /etc/my.cnf 修改mysql配置文件
[mysqld]
basedir=/opt/mysql5.7
datadir=/Mysql/my3306/data
port=3306
pid-file = /Mysql/my3306/data/mysql.pid
user = mysql
socket=/Mysql/my3306/tmp/mysql.sock
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
server-id = 2 #主从复制时标志必须唯一
character-set-server = utf8
log-bin=/Mysql/my3306/log/mysql-bin #开启bin-log
binlog-ignore-db=mysql #不同步mysql系统数据库
sync_binlog=1 #确保事物提交binlog写入后,立刻写入硬盘
binlog_checksum=crc32
binlog_format = mixed
[client]
port=3306
socket=/Mysql/my3306/tmp/mysql.sock
[mysql]
socket=/Mysql/my3306/tmp/mysql.sock
2.重启mysql服务
service mysql restart 重启mysql服务
3.如果是已使用的数据库,则导出数据(新安装的忽略)
mysqldump -uroot test -p ****** >/tmp/test.sql 使用mysqldump导出数据
将导出数据传到slave服务器上
4.创建同步用户repl,并赋予相应权限
192.168.164.%表示只可通过192.168.164网段的slave去连接master,也可指定具体地址,或不指定地址,不指定地址则为"%"
mysql> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to repl@'192.168.164.%' identified by "******";
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> show grants for repl@'192.168.164.%';#确认是否已赋予权限
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for repl@192.168.164.% |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'repl'@'192.168.164.%' |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
5.查看并记录master的状态
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 154 | | mysql | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
一定要把 File列和Position列的内容记录下来
(3)slave端的操作
1.更改配置文件 vi /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir=/opt/mysql5.7
datadir=/Mysql/my3306/data
port=3306
pid-file = /Mysql/my3306/data/mysql.pid
user = mysql
socket=/Mysql/my3306/tmp/mysql.sock
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
server-id = 4
character-set-server = utf8
log-bin=/Mysql/my3306/log/binlog/mysql-bin #启用MySQ二进制日志系统
replicate-ignore-db=mysql #不同步mysql数据库
slave-skip-errors = all
[client]
port=3306
socket=/Mysql/my3306/tmp/mysql.sock
[mysql]
socket=/Mysql/my3306/tmp/mysql.sock
重启mysql服务
service mysqld restart
2.导入数据
如果需要导入数据先在slave上创建与主库同名的数据库
在切换到该数据库上执行导入操作,否则会报:ERROR 1046 (3D000): No database selected的错误
mysql> create database test;
mysql> use test;
Database changed
mysql> source /mnt/hgfs/vm_win_public/test.sql;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
3.配置主库信息
mysql> stop slave; #第一步stop slave
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.164.151',master_user='repl',master_password='*****',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=154; #填入之前记录的信息 (File列和Position列的内容)以及主库ip地址以及主从复制用户等信息
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.03 sec)
mysql> start slave; #重启slave
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> show slave status \G; #查看主从同步状态
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.164.151
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 502
Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 668
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 502
Relay_Log_Space: 879
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
.........
如果看到这两个: Slave_IO_Running: Yes 、Slave_SQL_Running: Yes都为yes状态说明已经开始主从同步了。