java条形码和二维码解析
条形码（一维码）
- 条形码（barcode）
– 将宽度不等的多个黑条和空白，按照一定的编码规则排列，用以表达一组信息的图形标识符
– 通常代表一串数字/字母，每一位有特殊含义
– 一般数据容量30个数字/字母
– 专门机构管理：中国物品编码中心
二维码
- 二维码，二维条形码
– 用某种特定的几何图形按一定规律在平面（二维方向上）分布的黑白相间的图形记录数据符号信息
– 比一维条形码能存更多信息，表示更多数据类型
– 能够存储数字/字母/汉字/图片等信息
– 字符集128个字符
– 可存储几百到几十KB字符
– 抗损坏
二维码解析
java是没有解析二维码的库，我们只能依赖第三方jar包
Zxing(Zebra Crossin)
- Zxing(Zebra Crossing)
– Google出品
– 支持1D和2D的Barcode
– 主要类- BitMatrix位图矩阵
- MultiFormatWriter位图编写器
- MatrixToImageWriter写入图片
| 1D product | 1D industrial | 2D |
|---|---|---|
| UPC-A | Code 39 | QR Code |
| UPC - E | Code 93 | Data Matrix |
| EAN-8 | Code 128 | Aztec(beta) |
| EAN-13 | Codabar | PDF 417 |
Zxing 代码示例
pom.xml引入
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId>
<artifactId>core</artifactId>
<version>3.3.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId>
<artifactId>javase</artifactId>
<version>3.3.3</version>
</dependency>
一维码生成及解析代码示例
package com.torey.javaAdvanced.mooc4.zxing;
import com.google.zxing.*;
import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.BufferedImageLuminanceSource;
import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.MatrixToImageWriter;
import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;
import com.google.zxing.common.HybridBinarizer;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* @ClassName：BarCodeTest
* @Description：
* @author: Torey
*/
public class BarCodeTest {
/**
* 根据code生成相应的一维码
* @param file 一维码目标文件
* @param code 一维码内容
* @param width 图片宽度
* @param height 图片高度
*/
public static void generateCode(File file, String code,int width,int height){
//定义位图矩阵BitMatrix
BitMatrix matrix=null;
try{
//使用code_128格式进行表面生成100*25的条形码
MultiFormatWriter writer = new MultiFormatWriter();
matrix= writer.encode(code,BarcodeFormat.CODE_128,width,height,null);
// matrix= writer.encode(code,BarcodeFormat.EAN_13,width,height,null);
}catch (Exception ex){ex.printStackTrace();}
//将位图矩阵BitMatrix保存为图片
try(FileOutputStream outStream =new FileOutputStream(file)){
ImageIO.write(MatrixToImageWriter.toBufferedImage(matrix),"png",outStream);
outStream.flush();
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args){
generateCode(new File("1dcode.png"),"123456789012",500,250);
readCode(new File("1dcode.png"));
}
/**
* 解析一维码
* @param file
*/
private static void readCode(File file) {
try{
BufferedImage read = ImageIO.read(file);
if (null==read) {
return;
}
BufferedImageLuminanceSource source = new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(read);
BinaryBitmap bitmap = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(source));
Map<DecodeHintType,Object> hints=new HashMap<>();
hints.put(DecodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET,"GBK");
hints.put(DecodeHintType.PURE_BARCODE,Boolean.TRUE);
hints.put(DecodeHintType.TRY_HARDER,Boolean.TRUE);
Result decode = new MultiFormatReader().decode(bitmap, hints);
System.out.println("条形码的内容是："+decode.getText());
}catch (Exception ex){}
}
}
二维码生成及解析示例代码
package com.torey.javaAdvanced.mooc4.zxing;
import com.google.zxing.*;
import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.BufferedImageLuminanceSource;
import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.MatrixToImageWriter;
import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;
import com.google.zxing.common.HybridBinarizer;
import com.google.zxing.qrcode.decoder.ErrorCorrectionLevel;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* @ClassName：QRCodeTest
* @Description：二维码
* @author: Torey
*/
public class QRCodeTest {
/*
定义二维码的宽高
*/
private static int WIDTH=300;
private static int HEIGHT=300;
private static String FORMAT="png";//二维码格式
//生成二维码
public static void generateQRCode(File file, String content){
//定义二维码参数
Map<EncodeHintType,Object> hints=new HashMap<>();
//设置编码
hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET,"utf-8");
//设置容错等级
hints.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION,ErrorCorrectionLevel.M);
//设置边距默认是5
hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN,2);
try{
//把内容写进二维码中
BitMatrix bitMatrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(content, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, WIDTH, HEIGHT, hints);
Path path = file.toPath();
//写入指定路径下
MatrixToImageWriter.writeToPath(bitMatrix,FORMAT,path);
}catch (Exception ex){
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args){
generateQRCode(new File("2dcode.png"),"http://www.baidu.com");
readQrCode(new File("2dcode.png"));
}
private static void readQrCode(File file) {
MultiFormatReader reader = new MultiFormatReader();
try{
BufferedImage image = ImageIO.read(file);
BinaryBitmap binaryBitmap = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image)));
Map<DecodeHintType,Object> hints=new HashMap();
hints.put(DecodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET,"utf-8");//设置编码
Result result = reader.decode(binaryBitmap, hints);
System.out.println("解析结果为：" + reader.toString());
System.out.println("二维码格式为："+result.getBarcodeFormat());
System.out.println("二维码文本内容为："+result.getText());
}catch (Exception ex){
}
}
}
Barcode4J
- Barcode4J
– 纯Java实现的条形码生成
– 只负责生成，不负责解析
– 主要类：- BarcodeUtil
- BarcodeGenerator
- DefaultConfiguration
![在这里插入图片描述]()
Barcode4J 代码示例
pom.xml引入
<dependency>
<groupId>net.sf.barcode4j</groupId>
<artifactId>barcode4j</artifactId>
<version>2.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.avalon.framework</groupId>
<artifactId>avalon-framework-api</artifactId>
<version>4.3.1</version>
</dependency>
Barcode4J 生成一维码代码示例：
package com.torey.javaAdvanced.mooc4.barcode4j;
import org.krysalis.barcode4j.impl.code39.Code39Bean;
import org.krysalis.barcode4j.output.bitmap.BitmapCanvasProvider;
import org.krysalis.barcode4j.tools.UnitConv;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
/**
* @ClassName：BarCodeTest
* @Description：barcode4j 生成一维码
* @author: Torey
*/
public class BarCodeTest {
public static void main(String[] args){
String msg="1234567891122AAs";
String path="1dcode4j.png";
generateFile(msg,path);
}
private static void generateFile(String msg, String path) {
File file = new File(path);
try{
//Code39 EAN13 都是一维条形码的不同标注
Code39Bean code39Bean = new Code39Bean();
//EAN13Bean ean13Bean = new EAN13Bean();
//dpi精度 像素精度
final int dpi=150;
//module宽度
//bean.setModuleWidth(0.2)
final double width=UnitConv.in2mm(2.0f/dpi);
code39Bean.setWideFactor(3);
code39Bean.setModuleWidth(width);
code39Bean.doQuietZone(false);
String formar="image/png";
//输出到流
BitmapCanvasProvider canvasProvider = new BitmapCanvasProvider(new FileOutputStream(file), formar, dpi, BufferedImage.TYPE_BYTE_BINARY, false, 0);
//生成条形码
code39Bean.generateBarcode(canvasProvider,msg);
//结束绘制
canvasProvider.finish();
}catch (Exception ex){
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
Barcode4J 生成二维码代码示例：
package com.torey.javaAdvanced.mooc4.barcode4j;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import org.apache.avalon.framework.configuration.Configuration;
import org.apache.avalon.framework.configuration.DefaultConfiguration;
import org.krysalis.barcode4j.BarcodeGenerator;
import org.krysalis.barcode4j.BarcodeUtil;
import org.krysalis.barcode4j.output.bitmap.BitmapCanvasProvider;
import org.krysalis.barcode4j.tools.MimeTypes;
/**
* @ClassName：DataMatrixCodeTest
* @Description：
* @author: Torey
*/
public class DataMatrixCodeTest {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
generateCode("2dcode4j.png","hello ,你好吗？");
}
private static void generateCode(String path,String msg){
try{
BarcodeUtil util = BarcodeUtil.getInstance();
BarcodeGenerator gen = util.createBarcodeGenerator(buildCfg("datamatrix"));
OutputStream fout = new FileOutputStream("2dcode4j.png");
int resolution = 300;
BitmapCanvasProvider canvas = new BitmapCanvasProvider(fout, "image/png", resolution,
BufferedImage.TYPE_BYTE_BINARY, false, 0);
gen.generateBarcode(canvas, msg);
canvas.finish();
}catch (Exception ex){
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
private static Configuration buildCfg(String type) {
DefaultConfiguration cfg = new DefaultConfiguration("barcode");
// Bar code type
DefaultConfiguration child = new DefaultConfiguration(type);
cfg.addChild(child);
// Human readable text position
DefaultConfiguration attr = new DefaultConfiguration("human-readable");
// DefaultConfiguration subAttr = new DefaultConfiguration("placement");
// subAttr.setValue("bottom");
// attr.addChild(subAttr);
// child.addChild(attr);
// datamatrix code has no human-readable part
// see http://barcode4j.sourceforge.net/2.1/symbol-datamatrix.html
attr = new DefaultConfiguration("height");
attr.setValue(50);
child.addChild(attr);
attr = new DefaultConfiguration("module-width");
attr.setValue("0.6");
child.addChild(attr);
return cfg;
}
}