Serverless Frist 的渐进式应用开发框架 Malagu

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"什么是 Malagu"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://github.com/cellbang/malagu","title":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Malagu"}]},{"type":"text","text":" 是基于 TypeScript 的 Serverless First、组件化的渐进式应用开发框架。使用同一套编程语言和 IoC 设计，用于开发前端、后端和前后端一体化应用。并且结合了 OOP（面向对象编程）、AOP（面向切面编程）等元素，借鉴了很多 Spring Boot 设计思想。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在后端，Malagu 抽象一套接口，方便适配任意的平台和基础框架，是一个平台或基础框架无关的上层框架。平台如阿里云函数计算、腾讯云云函数、Vercel 等，基础框架如 Express、Koa、Fastify 等。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"为什么需要 Malagu"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"坚信 Serverless 是未来"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Serverless 是云计算新一代计算引擎，为取代传统云服务器架构而生。Serverless 核心理念是让开发者不用关心服务器的存在，专注于业务代码。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Serverless 现状如何"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"现在，所有云厂商和社区都在大力推广和布道 Serverless 理念，通过 Serverless 可以低成本高质量快速落地商业方案。目前，大家普遍认为 Serverless = FaaS + BaaS，未来也可能是其他的形态，不管形态如何变化，Serverless 的核心理论是不变的。所有 Serverless 的开发体验关键在 FaaS 的开发体验，而 FaaS 目前开发体验不是很理想，存在着很多的疼点，短时间内在 FaaS 底层上很难解决，比如冷启动、数据库访问、本地开发调试运行、平台无关等等。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如何解决这些痛点"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我们可以换一个思路，从开发框架层面尝试解决这些问题（事实证明，可以通过开发框架来解决这些问题）。那么，我们面临新的抉择是采用传统框架，还是需要一个全新的框架？如果选择做一个新框架，那么，我们是选择特定编程语言，还是通用编程语言？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"为什么需要一个全新的框架"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"传统框架在开发体验上，大家肯定是接受的，毕竟已经使用了这么多年。但是传统框架开发的应用在迁移到 Serverless 环境时，往往会遇到各种各样难以解决的问题，这些问题往往是与框架底层设计密切相关。虽然我们可以通过框架扩展能力去解决或者缓解部分问题，实践下来的结果是框架改造门槛很高、效果不太理想、需要 Hack，不够优雅。当您在 Serverless 采用传统框架时，您往往会感觉虽然应用可以跑起来，但是真正应用到生产级别您会有顾虑。所有我们需要一个全新的、Serverless Fisrt 的开发框架。只有这样才能极大发挥 Serverless 优势，并让 Serverless 开发体验超越传统开发体验。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"为什么选择特定编程语言"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"目前，开源社区也存在不少语言无关的 Serverless 工具或框架，比如 Funcraft、Serverless Framework、Vercel 等等。这类通用语言型 Serverless 工具在运维层面确实可以做到不错的体验，也可以形成通用的标准。但是，在应用代码开发、调试、运行等开发体验上不那么理想。每种编程语言在开发、调试和运行等方面都有自己独特的地方，通用语言型 Serverless 工具很难做到统一，且开发体验还能做到很好。只有选择特定的编程语言，才能让开发、调试和运行等方面的体验达到极致。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"为什么选择 Typescript"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Serverless 让后端开发门槛变得极低，前端开发者基于 Serverless 开发后端应用学习成本也极低。未来越来越多的前端开发者成为全栈开发者。Typescript 既可以开发前端，又可以开发后端，对于前端或者全栈的开发者来说十分友好。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"前端架构其实就是一种类 Serverless 架构，比如前端浏览器需要加载前端代码来执行，而 Serverless 场景也需要加载用户的代码来执行。因此，前端的很多解决方案天然适合 Serverless 场景，比如前端通过打包、压缩、Tree Shaking 来减少代码体积，减少代码部署和冷启动时间。同样，该优化方案也适用与 Serverless 场景，所以选择 Typescript，则相当于直接拥有了经过无数真实场景打磨的现成解决方案。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"另外，Typescript 和 Java 很接近，Java 开发者也能很方便切换到 Typescript 技术栈。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Malagu 带来的价值"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Malagu 是基于 TypeScript 的 Serverless First、可扩展和组件化的渐进式应用开发框架。Malagu 屏蔽掉不同 Serverless 平台底层细节和 Serverless 场景存在的大部分痛点。Malagu 基于真实业务场景打磨，提供生产级别可用的解决方案。提供多云解决方案，云厂商不锁定。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如何使用 Malagu"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Malagu 框架是由一系列组件组成，每一个组件其实就是一个 node 模块，根据您的业务场景选择合适的组件，您也可以基于组件机制开发属于自己的组件。为了快速开发，Malagu 提供了一个命令行工具，命令行工具内置不同场景的开箱即用的模板，通过命令行工具可以快速创建您的应用。首先，我们需要安装相关命令行工具："}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"$ npm install -g yarm # 框架默认推荐使用 Yarn 工具，您也可以使用 Npm\n$ npm install -g @malagu/cli # 安装 Malagu 命令行工具\n$ malagu init project-name # 使用命令行工具 malagu init 命令，选择一个模板，初始化一个模板应用\n$ cd project-name # 进入到应用的根目录\n$ malagu serve # 启动应用，默认端口为 3000"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"打开浏览器并导航到 "},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"http://localhost:3000/","title":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"http://localhost:3000/"}]},{"type":"text","text":"。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"支持我们"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Malagu 是 MIT 许可的开源项目。需要优秀人士的支持使它不断发展。如果您想加入我们，请联系我们，我们的邮箱是 "},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"[email protected]"},{"type":"text","text":"。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"相关链接"}]},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//github.com/cellbang/malagu","title":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Malagu 框架项目地址"}]}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://link.zhihu.com/?target=https%3A//www.yuque.com/cellbang/malagu","title":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Malagu 框架文档地址"}]}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}}]}