调研了1400多人后，我知道数据科学家到底赚多少钱了

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"本文最初发表在 Towards Data Science 博客，InfoQ 中文站翻译并分享。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在本文，我将介绍一个人们在考虑从事数据科学职业时应该考虑的关键因素之一——"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"薪酬"},{"type":"text","text":"。我在"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.levels.fyi\/comp.html?track=Data%20Scientist","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"levels.fyi"}]},{"type":"text","text":"这家网站查阅了 1400 多份自我报告的薪酬水平，得出以下结论，仅供参考："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第一份数据科学工作（0~3 年）：16.7 万~18 万美元。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"中级职位（4~6 年）：20.4 万~22 万美元。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"高级职位（7 年以上）：24 万~26.5 万美元。"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/resource\/image\/93\/24\/93d9e58f2efa4d454e005c20a1b3eb24.jpg","alt":null,"title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"假如你对上面的内容感到满意，那就继续做你当天计划好的其他事情吧！但是，如果你有五分钟的空闲时间，我将回顾一下我从分解薪酬数据中发现的一些有趣的见解，以及对这个自我报告的数据集的一些注意事项。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我如何定义薪酬？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"一般来说，数据科学家的薪酬包括三个关键部分："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"基薪"},{"type":"text","text":"：保证每月支付一到两次现金。通常是总薪酬的最大部分。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"股权"},{"type":"text","text":"：通常以 RSU（限制性股票）或期权的形式出现。对于更资深的数据科学家或处于早期阶段的初创公司来说，这可能是薪酬的很大一部分。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"奖金"},{"type":"text","text":"：既可以是签约奖金，也可以是绩效奖金（即每年发放一次，占工资的 10%）。"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在本文中，我将薪酬 \/ 总薪酬定义为上述三个部分的总和。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我用哪个数据集？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我使用 levels.fyi 这个网站，这是一个收集用户报告的报酬的地方，它涵盖了科技界许多不同的职位。截至本文日期（2020 年 11 月），有 1400 个自我报告的数据点，我用来进行此项分析。下面的截图显示了与薪酬并列的数据类型——我们将在下面的章节中对每个类别进行更详细的分析。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/resource\/image\/c5\/68\/c5589431a1c26d41fc02f1bbb62b9168.jpg","alt":null,"title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在本文中，我使用 R 编程语言（源代码在"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/github.com\/wcac26\/personal\/blob\/master\/comp.R","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"这里"}]},{"type":"text","text":"）来收集并清理数据。我建议你自己去浏览一下这家网站，特别是如果你在本文发表几个月后才开始阅读的话！"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"这些职位在哪里？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}}]}