美籍華人MIT教授陳剛被捕：或面臨最高20年監禁

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"美籍華人教授因未能將其與中國的關係透露給美國能源部而被捕，或將面臨最高20年監禁。"}]}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"MIT教授陳剛院士在波士頓被捕"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1月14日，美國司法部在其官網上發佈了一則針對MIT教授的指控，原因是這位麻省理工學院的教授未能將其與中國的關係透露給美國能源部。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"這位被指控的教授名叫陳剛，現年56歲，出生於中國，是美國公民。週四上午，他因涉嫌濫用職權而被捕，罪名是他濫用麻省理工學院教授的職稱進行通信欺詐，**未提交外國銀行帳戶報告並在美國納稅申報單上作虛假陳述。**美國檢察官安德魯·萊林（Andrew Lelling）在週四的新聞發佈會上宣佈逮捕他。陳剛計劃於當天晚些時候首次出庭。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/37\/3776f9362f16bd11b06a96646f11bd3a.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"根據指控文件披露，陳剛是麻省理工學院的教授兼研究員，擔任麻省理工學院帕帕拉多微納米工程實驗室主任和固態太陽能熱能轉換中心（S3TEC）主任。大約從2013年開始，陳剛在麻省理工學院的研究已經獲得了多家美國聯邦機構提供的1900多萬美元的資助。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"據稱，自2012年以來，陳剛在中國擔任了多項職務，主要提供建議和專業知識促進中國的科技發展，並獲得相應的經濟報酬，並參與至少兩項“中國人才計劃”（PRC Talent Programs）。自2013年以來，陳剛據稱接受了大約2900萬美元的外國資金支持，其中包括來自中國某大學的1900萬美元。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"進一步消息稱，陳剛爲促進中國科學和經濟發展所做的一些努力，已經在其2016年2月用他自己的MIT電子郵件賬戶發給自己的郵件中有所透露。電子郵件中寫道："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1、促進中國與其他國家間的合作；"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2、無論從歷史趨勢還是現階段我們處於的位置來看，中國都必須把（科學）創新作爲關鍵和核心發展要素，而不是一時興起；"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"3、我們的經濟處於世界第二的位置，但是從技術（經濟結構）和人才維度來講，我們遠沒有達到世界第二的水平；"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"4、我們正在爲環境、不可持續發展和勞動力成本方面付出高昂代價；"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"5、環境保護與經濟發展並重，環境保護甚至更重要，我們必須依靠技術，不能再像過去那樣發展；"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"......"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"根據美國法律對通信欺詐的指控規定，最高可判處二十年監禁，緩刑三年，以及最高25萬美元的罰款。對虛假陳述的指控規定，最高可判處五年監禁，緩刑三年，以及罰款25萬美元。對未提交FBAR的指控規定，最高可判處五年監禁，緩刑三年，以及25萬美元的罰款。判決由聯邦地區法院法官根據美國量刑指南和其他法定因素作出。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"檢察官安德魯·萊林（Andrew E. Lelling）對在接受記者採訪時表示：“與外國研究人員合作並非非法，但是說謊（虛假陳述）是非法的”。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"已有50餘位教授在美失業，華人爲主"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"最近幾年，美國方面一直在重點調查這類型的學者和教授。自2018年以來，美國國立衛生研究院（NIH）和聯邦調查局（FBI）啓動了對生物醫學教授與中國關係的調查。調查之初，美國右派稱華人偷竊美國知識產權，搜索個人或單位服務器存檔的電子郵件、僱傭一批華人蒐集情報。根據NIH的調查報告，被調查者最大的兩個 “罪名” 是沒有披露與中國關係、參加中國人才計劃。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"這個“罪名”也出現在對陳剛的訴訟中，上述的一系列調查導致54名學者因未完全披露與中國的合作遭開除或主動提出辭職，其中絕大多數爲華人學者，也有部分遭到起訴、判刑。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在這些被調查的人中，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"約七成被調查者顯示是未披露來自國外的科研經費，54%沒有披露參與了國外的人才計劃。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"事實上，在美國工作的中國人才數量還是比較多的。在此前紐約時報的一篇文章中就曾直接指出"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"美國人工智能的祕密武器是中國人才。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"新的研究表明，在中國接受教育的科學家幫助美國公司和學校在尖端領域佔據主導地位。現在，行業領先者們擔心，不斷惡化的政治緊張局勢將削弱這一優勢。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"中國的頂尖人工智能人才在美國的數量最多。在 2019 年人工智能大會上發表論文的 128 名中國大學本科畢業生中，有超過一半的人現在在美國工作。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"延展閱讀："},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzU1NDA4NjU2MA==&mid=2247505146&idx=1&sn=c7d5efd7b2831fef062e2c3c8ba5c75f&chksm=fbea6d35cc9de423d66a053559d0b5e28c28e1e125f4748098d93f95fcc46cb65cec0de430fe&scene=27#wechat_redirect","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"《美國人工智能的祕密武器：中國人才》"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"參考鏈接："},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.nbcboston.com\/news\/local\/mit-professor-charged-with-fraud-for-failing-to-disclose-his-work-for-chinese-govt\/2280638\/","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/www.nbcboston.com\/news\/local\/mit-professor-charged-with-fraud-for-failing-to-disclose-his-work-for-chinese-govt\/2280638\/"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.justice.gov\/usao-ma\/pr\/mit-professor-arrested-and-charged-grant-fraud","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/www.justice.gov\/usao-ma\/pr\/mit-professor-arrested-and-charged-grant-fraud"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s\/o9ERitAYYSopJLojWKgScw","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s\/o9ERitAYYSopJLojWKgScw"}]}]}]}