继开除“黑命贵”高管研究员后，谷歌又对另一位顶级AI伦理专家“下手了”

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在开除“黑命贵”高管研究员仅仅一个多月后，谷歌又把目光瞄向了另一位顶级AI伦理学家。"}]}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"谷歌正在调查其AI伦理团队联合负责人"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2020年12月初，因为批评公司对待黑人员工的政策，谷歌开除了其人工智能伦理团队的技术联合负责人 Timnit Gebru ，当时此事引起了一番不小的风波。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"一个多月后，谷歌又把目光瞄向了另一位顶级AI伦理学家。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1月21日，据外媒Axios获得的消息，谷歌正在调查内部人工智能的另一联合负责人Margaret Mitchell。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"目前，谷歌已经锁定了Mitchell的公司电子邮件账户，且公司正在调查Mitchell为什么下载了大量文件并与公司外部的人共享。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"据消息人士透露，在锁定帐户之前，Mitchell一直在使用自动脚本来查看她的信息，以查找显示对Gebru进行歧视性对待的例子。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"上周，Mitchell发推文说，她正在记录Gebru被解雇及其内部和外部工作中的关键问题。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.infoq.cn\/resource\/image\/a0\/66\/a0a3b15fbf8e77086ab744360758a866.png","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在一份声明中，谷歌表示，“当我们的安全系统检测到员工的账户由于证书问题或涉及处理敏感数据的自动规则被触发时，会自动锁定员工的企业账户。在这种情况下，我们的系统检测到该帐户窃取了数千份文件，并与多个外部帐户共享”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"谷歌方面表示，已就此事与Mitchell沟通，这是作为标准程序的一部分。后续谷歌会积极调查此事，以收集更多的详细信息。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"被开除1个月后，Gebru 公开声援Mitchell"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"似乎又是因为涉及到黑人的问题。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"作为谷歌人工智能伦理团队的联合负责人，Timnit Gebru是该领域少有的黑人女性之一，致力于解决人工智能算法目前存在的偏见等问题，在一项研究论文中，她指出了AI偏见的风险-包括Google搜索所存在的问题。Gebru还通过电子邮件向一组Google员工发送了电子邮件，批评公司的多元化和股权计划。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"此外，Timnit Gebru还是著名的技术多样性倡导者，她联合创立了一个名为“Black in AI”的黑人研究人员社区。一直以来，她都在直言不讳地对科技公司对待黑人员工的方式提出批评。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"值得一提的是，在Gebru被解雇后，一名黑人妇女April Curley自称，她在去年秋天被谷歌解雇了。她曾公开回忆自己在黑人大学负责人才招聘期间的许多负面经历。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如今在Mitchell 被调查后，Timnit Gebru 随即站出来公开声援她。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1月19日晚，Gebru在推特上表示，谷歌冻结Mitchell 的内部账户的举动与此前她被解雇时被冻结账户的手段如出一辙。当时她的公司个人账户被公司切断，然后突然收到了一封解雇邮件，被谷歌人工智能负责人 Jeff Dean 开除。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"不同的是，Mitchell的帐户已被锁定“至少几天”，但她目前并未被解雇。Gebru 表示，“我想知道她会不会收到一封私人邮箱的邮件被迫接受辞职”。Gebru同时指责谷歌的行为，“我已经有一段时间没见过哪家公司有这么丢脸的行为了”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"自Gebru 被解雇后，Mitchell一直对谷歌针对Gebru的不公正待遇持批评态度。此前，Mitchell 曾在推特上表达对Gebru的支持，并批评谷歌和其他科技巨头公司在处理性别、种族和系统性偏见等问题上的做法。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"就在被停职的消息传出的几个小时前，Mitchell还在抨击谷歌CEO“一贯疏远黑人妇女”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1月19日，Mitchell 在推特指责谷歌CEO Sundar Pichai 即将与历史悠久的黑人学院和大学领导人举行的会议。她在推文中提到，“你素有疏远黑人女性的问题，给她们的生活造成了严重的伤害”。Mitchell 认为，Pichai 他计划与黑人大学领导人会面只是“试图寻找让更多黑人喜欢他”的一种“象征性的尝试”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"接连拿2名AI伦理团队高管“开刀”，谷歌意欲何为？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"此前，Gebru 被离职的消息在谷歌内部和整个科技行业引起了广泛的愤慨。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"由谷歌现任及前员工联合创立的“Google Walkout For Real Change”组织在博客上发起了签名运动，以示对 Timnit Gebru 的支持。该签名活动获得了 236 位谷歌员工以及 204 位行业学术专家、普通民众的签名支持。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"据悉，已有超2000名Google员工、AI研究界的知名人士都对Gebru被解雇提出质疑。Gebru以前在谷歌团队中的成员还致信CEO Sundar Pichai，要求将其复职。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"去年12月，美国国家劳动关系委员会（National Labour Relations Board）指控谷歌对激进分子进行报复。有投诉称，谷歌监视、讯问和解雇维权雇员的做法违反了美国劳动法。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"舆论压力之下，谷歌首席执行官Sundar Pichai试图平息这种“愤怒”，Pichai就公司处理Gebru离职问题的做法表示歉意，并"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.engadget.com\/google-sundar-pichai-timnit-gebru-ai-ethics-204137362.html","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"承诺进行调查"}]},{"type":"text","text":"。在去年12月的一份备忘录中表示，Pichai表示正在进一步研究如何处理Gebru。但而后谷歌并未详细说明有关该调查的任何发现。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Gebru 事件也被认为是谷歌员工工会成立的催化剂之一。1 月 5 日，由于和公司高层之间的分歧越来越大，约 200 名谷歌员工成立了 Alphabet 工会。目前已有 226 名员工加入了工会，且工会将向所有 Alphabet 员工开放，包括临时工、供应商和承包商。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在谷歌工会的使命和价值观中，特意强调了反对种姓、原籍国等歧视或偏见，“我们将确保我们的工作条件是包容和公平的。这里没有骚扰、偏见、歧视或报复的容身之地”，“无论年龄、种姓、阶级、原籍国、残疾、性别、种族、宗教或性取向如何，每个人都应该得到一个友好的环境，免受骚扰、偏见、歧视和报复。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"自Gebru离开以来，人工智能道德团队一直承受着巨大的压力。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Timnit Gebru 此前曾提到，她自2018年以来一直与Mitchell合作，创建了Google Research中最多元化的团队之一。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"而一旦谷歌解雇Mitchell，这将意味着，谷歌在不到两个月的时间里，就解雇了自己人工智能伦理团队的两名主要负责人。未来，该团队在谷歌又将何去何从？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"毫无疑问，Mitchell的停职也将再次加剧谷歌员工与管理层之间日益紧张的关系。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"据了解，新上任的拜登政府近期正在通过其科学技术政策平台宣扬共同致力于技术多样性，并致力于解决算法偏差和其他AI驱动的技术对社会的危害。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"此前有人工智能法律和政策方面的专家分析称，谷歌对Gebru的待遇可能会影响一系列政策事项，包括如何为技术人员提供更强大的举报人保护以及更多的独立人工智能研究公共资助。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"而Mitchell 现在所经历的类似遭遇可能将再次推动这一进程。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"延伸阅读："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzU1NDA4NjU2MA==&mid=2247521544&idx=1&sn=ebdd6ef60317be1ab095d6aa95e7a96f&chksm=fbea2cc7cc9da5d1a9826c1016032f14254cc3f9078f32efca5f3ad8b1c0100e6592382ffe73&scene=27#wechat_redirect","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"开除"}]},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzU1NDA4NjU2MA==&mid=2247521544&idx=1&sn=ebdd6ef60317be1ab095d6aa95e7a96f&chksm=fbea2cc7cc9da5d1a9826c1016032f14254cc3f9078f32efca5f3ad8b1c0100e6592382ffe73&scene=27#wechat_redirect","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“黑命贵”高管研究员，谷歌AI老大Jeff Dean惹上事儿了"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"参考文章："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.axios.com\/google-workers-union-test-303691f8-0aa1-4896-b57a-20dba7e952fe.html","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/www.axios.com\/google-workers-union-test-303691f8-0aa1-4896-b57a-20dba7e952fe.html"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/venturebeat.com\/2021\/01\/20\/google-targets-ai-ethics-lead-margaret-mitchell-after-firing-timnit-gebru\/","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/venturebeat.com\/2021\/01\/20\/google-targets-ai-ethics-lead-margaret-mitchell-after-firing-timnit-gebru\/"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/www.theverge.com\/2021\/1\/20\/22240277\/google-artificial-intelligence-researcher-margaret-mitchell-investigation-timnit-gebru"}]}]}