PyMongo
安裝：
pip install pymongo
一、數據庫連接
數據庫連接，無密碼
from pymongo import MongoClient
# 數據庫鏈接，必須保證當前系統能正常訪問mongodb!!!
connect = MongoClient('mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/')
# 創建/切換數據庫，數據庫不存在則會庫中有文檔以後，自動創建
my_db = connect['mofang']
print(my_db) # 數據庫信息
# 創建/進入集合，集合不存在則會集合中有文檔以後，自動創建
my_collections = my_db['my_collections']
print(my_collections) # 集合信息
數據庫連接，有密碼
from pymongo import MongoClient
# 數據庫鏈接，必須保證當前系統能正常訪問mongodb!!!
"""方式1：如果帳號密碼沒有特殊字符"""
# connect = MongoClient('mongodb://mofang:[email protected]:27017/mofang')
"""方式2：當前庫的管理員連接"""
# from urllib import parse
# username = parse.quote_plus('mofang') # 對用戶名進行編碼
# password = parse.quote_plus('123456') # 對密碼進行編碼
# database = parse.quote_plus('mofang') # 對數據庫進行編碼
# connect = MongoClient('mongodb://%s:%[email protected]:27017/%s' % (username, password, database))
# my_db = connect['mofang']
# my_collections = my_db['my_collections']
"""方式3：基於超級管理員身份連接，不需要當前庫的管理員了"""
from urllib import parse
username = parse.quote_plus('root') # 對用戶名進行編碼
password = parse.quote_plus('123') # 對密碼進行編碼
database = parse.quote_plus('admin') # 對數據庫進行編碼
connect = MongoClient('mongodb://%s:%[email protected]:27017/%s' % (username, password, database))
my_db = connect['mofang']
my_collections = my_db['my_collections']
# 添加一篇文檔
data = {
'name': 'xiaoming1號', 'sex': True, 'age':17}
ret = my_collections.insert_one(data)
print(ret.inserted_id)
二、數據庫管理
from pymongo import MongoClient
# 數據庫鏈接，必須保證當前系統能正常訪問mongodb!!!
connect = MongoClient('mongodb://root:[email protected]:27017/admin')
my_db = connect['mofang']
my_collecctions = my_db['my_collections']
# 查看所有數據庫[除了三個基本數據庫以外，其他數據庫只會顯示有文檔數據的]
ret = connect.list_database_names()
print(ret) # ['admin', 'config', 'local', 'mofang']
ret = my_db.list_collection_names()
print(ret) # ['my_collections']
# 數據庫的刪除,僅僅是清空所有集合就可以了
三、集合管理
from pymongo import MongoClient
# 數據庫鏈接，必須保證當前系統能正常訪問mongodb!!!
connect = MongoClient('mongodb://root:[email protected]:27017/admin')
my_db = connect['mofang']
my_collecctions = my_db['my_collections']
# 查看所有數據庫[除了三個基本數據庫以外，其他數據庫只會顯示有文檔數據的]
# ret = connect.list_database_names()
# print(ret) # ['admin', 'config', 'local', 'mofang']
# ret = my_db.list_collection_names()
# print(ret) # ['my_collections']
# 刪除集合的方式1
my_collecctions = my_db['notify_list']
my_collecctions.drop()
# 刪除集合的方式2
my_db.drop_collection('notify_list')
四、文檔管理
1.添加文檔
from pymongo import MongoClient
# 數據庫鏈接，必須保證當前系統能正常訪問mongodb!!!
connect = MongoClient('mongodb://root:[email protected]:27017/admin')
my_db = connect['mofang']
my_collections = my_db['my_collections']
# 添加一條數據
document = {
'name': 'xiaoming', 'mobile': '13012345678', 'age': 16, 'sex': True}
ret = my_collections.insert_one(document)
print(ret.inserted_id) # 返回主鍵ID
# 添加多條數據
data_list = [
{
"name": "xiaobai", "mobile": "13322345678","age":16,"sex":False},
{
"name": "xiaohei", "mobile": "13322345678","age":20,"sex":True},
{
"name": "xiaohong", "mobile": "13322345678","age":13,"sex":False},
{
"name": "xiaolan", "mobile": "13322345678","age":17,"sex":True},
{
"name": "xiaolv", "mobile": "13322345678","age":17,"sex":True},
{
"name": "xiaolong", "mobile": "13322345678","age":16,"sex":False},
{
"name": "xiaofei", "mobile": "13322345678","age":18,"sex":True},
]
ret = my_collections.insert_many(data_list)
print(ret.inserted_ids)
2.查詢文檔
from pymongo import MongoClient
# 數據庫鏈接，必須保證當前系統能正常訪問mongodb
connect = MongoClient('mongodb://root:[email protected]:27017/admin')
my_db = connect['mofang']
my_collections = my_db['my_collections']
"""獲取一條"""
# document = my_collections.find_one()
# print(document) # {'_id': ObjectId('5fd21237d883925209b60067'), 'name': 'xiaoming1號', 'sex': True, 'age': 17}
# 獲取數據中的信息
# print(document['name']) # xiaoming1號
"""獲取多條數據"""
# document_list = my_collections.find()
# print(document_list)
# for document in document_list:
# print(document)
# print(document['_id'])
"""字段投影：只顯示部分字段，1表示顯示，0表示隱藏"""
# document_list = my_collections.find({}, {'name': 1, '_id': 0})
# for document in document_list:
# print(document)
"""基於查詢條件獲取數據"""
# 值相等
# query = {'name': {'$eq': 'xiaoming'}}
# query = {'name': 'xiaoming'}
# document = my_collections.find_one(query)
# print(document) # {'_id': ObjectId('5fd2184326c8493bb4e2ace3'), 'name': 'xiaoming', 'mobile': '13012345678', 'age': 16, 'sex': True}
"""
query = {"age":{"$gt":17}} age > 17
query = {"age":{"$gte":17}} age >= 17
query = {"age":{"$lte":17}} age <= 17
query = {"age":{"$lt":17}} age < 17
query = {"age":{"$ne":17}} age != 17
query = {"age":{"$in":[16,17]}} age in [16,17]
"""
# query = {'age': {'$in': [16, 18]}}
# document_list = my_collections.find(query)
# for document in document_list:
# print(document)
"""排序"""
"""
單個字段：
sort("age",-1) # 倒序
sort("age",1) # 升序
多個字段：
sort([("age",-1),("_id",1)])
"""
# document_list = my_collections.find().sort('age', -1)
# document_list = my_collections.find().sort([('age', -1), ('_id', 1)])
# for document in document_list:
# print(document)
"""限制結果"""
document_list = my_collections.find().limit(3)
for document in document_list:
print(document)
3.刪除文檔
from pymongo import MongoClient
# 數據庫鏈接，必須保證當前系統能正常訪問mongodb
connect = MongoClient('mongodb://root:[email protected]:27017/admin')
my_db = connect['mofang']
my_collections = my_db['my_collections']
"""刪除文檔"""
# 刪除一個文檔
query = {
'name': 'xiaoming'}
ret = my_collections.delete_one(query)
print(ret.deleted_count) # 1:刪除成功 0:沒有刪除的數據
# 刪除多個文檔
query = {
'name': 'xiaoming1號'}
ret = my_collections.delete_many(query)
print(ret.deleted_count) # 大於0:刪除成功 0:沒有刪除的數據
# 查詢一條數據出來並刪除
# 返回一條數據，如果沒有，則返回None
query = {
'name': 'xiaobai'}
document = my_collections.find_one_and_delete(query)
print(document) # {'_id': ObjectId('5fd218accf506de09fbecd68'), 'name': 'xiaobai', 'mobile': '13322345678', 'age': 16, 'sex': False}
4.更新文檔
from pymongo import MongoClient
# 數據庫鏈接，必須保證當前系統能正常訪問mongodb
connect = MongoClient('mongodb://root:[email protected]:27017/admin')
my_db = connect['mofang']
my_collections = my_db['my_collections']
"""更新文檔"""
"""按條件更新一個文檔的指定數據"""
query = {
'name': 'xiaofei'}
upsert = {
'$set': {
'age': 22}}
ret = my_collections.update_one(query, upsert)
print(ret.modified_count) # 0 表示沒有任何修改，1表示修改成功
"""按條件累加/累減指定數值一個文檔的指定數據"""
query = {
'name': 'xiaofei'}
upsert = {
'$inc': {
'age': -1}} # 累減
upsert = {
'$inc': {
'age': 1}} # 累加
ret = my_collections.update_one(query, upsert)
print(ret.modified_count)
"""更新多條數據"""
# 把所有以"133"開頭的手機碼號的文檔，全部改成15012345678
query = {
'mobile': {
'$regex': '^133'}}
upsert = {
'$set': {
'mobile': '15012345678'}}
ret = my_collections.update_many(query, upsert)
print(ret.modified_count)