{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"作者 | 鄧學祥（祥翼）來源 | ","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/bFcrWYMWSuZUI1FWEVuI0Q","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Serverless 公衆號","attrs":{}}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"高德從 FY21 財年開始啓動 Serverless 建設，至今一年了，高德 Serverless 業務的峯值超過十萬 qps 量級，平臺從 0 到 1，qps 從零到十萬，成爲阿里集團內 Serverless 應用落地規模最大的 BU，這中間的過程是怎麼樣的？遇到過哪些問題？高德爲什麼要搞 Serverless/Faas？是如何做 Serverless/Faas 的？技術方案是什麼樣的？目前進展怎麼樣？後續又有哪些計劃？本文將和大家做一個簡單的分享。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":1},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1. Why-高德爲什麼要搞 Serverless","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"高德爲什麼要搞 Serverless？背景原因是高德 FY21 財年啓動了一個客戶端上雲項目。客戶端上雲項目的主要目的是","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"爲了提升客戶端的開發迭代效率","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"以前客戶端業務邏輯都在端上，產品需求的變更需要走客戶端發版才能發佈，而客戶端發版需要走各種測試流程、灰度流程，解決客戶端崩潰等問題，目前的節奏是一個月一個版本。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"客戶端上雲之後，某些易變的業務邏輯放到雲上來。新的產品需求在雲端來開發，不用走月度的版本發佈，加快了需求的開發迭代效率，離產研同頻的理想目標又近了一步（爲什麼要說“又”，是因爲高德之前也做了一些優化往產研同頻的方向努力，但是我們希望雲端一體化開發可以是其中最有效的一個技術助力）。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/0b/0b9ea1f7dedb06ce10e402b61c1cd507.png","alt":"1.png","title":"1.png","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1.1 目標：客戶端開發模式--端雲一體","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"雖然開發模式從以前的端開發轉變爲現在的雲 + 端開發，開發同學應該還是原來負責相應業務的同學，但是大家知道，服務端開發和客戶端開發顯然是有差異的，客戶端開發是面向單機模式的開發，服務端開發通常是集羣模式，需要考慮分佈式系統的協調、負載均衡、故障轉移降級等各種複雜問題。如果使用傳統的服務端模式來開發，這個過渡風險就會比較大。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Faas 很好地解決了這一問題。我們結合高德客戶端現有的 xbus 框架（一套客戶端上的本地服務註冊、調用的框架），擴展了 xbus-cloud 組件，使得雲上的開發就像端上開發一樣，目標是一套代碼、兩地運行，一套業務代碼既能在客戶端上運行，也能在服務端上運行。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"高德客戶端主要有三個端：IOS、android、車機（類 Linux 操作系統）。主要有兩種語言：C++ 和 Node.js。傳統地圖功能：如地圖顯示、導航路徑顯示、導航播報等等，由於需要跨三個端，採用的 C++ 語言來開發。地圖導航基礎之上的一些地圖應用功能，如行前/行後卡片、推薦目的地等，主要用 Node.js 來開發。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"FY20 財年淘系前端團隊開發了 Node.js Faas runtime。高德客戶端上雲項目，Node.js 的部分就採用了現有的淘系的 Node.js runtime，來接入集團的 Faas 平臺，完成 Node.js 這部分的一些業務上雲。2020 年十一期間很好地支撐了高德的十一出行節業務。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"C++ Faas 沒有現有的解決方案，因此我們決定在集團的基礎設施之上做加法，新建 C++ Faas 基礎平臺，來助力高德客戶端上雲。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1.1.1 端雲一體的最佳實踐關鍵：客戶端和 Faas 之間的接口抽象","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"原本客戶端的邏輯移到 Faas 服務端上來，或者新的需求一部分在 Faas 服務端上開發，這裏的成敗關鍵點在於：客戶端和 Faas 的接口協議定義，也就是 Faas 的 API 定義，好的 API 定義除了對系統的可維護性有好處以外，對後續支撐業務的迭代開發也很重要，好的 API 定義請參考谷樸大神的文檔：《","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://developer.aliyun.com/article/701810","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"API 設計最佳實踐的思考","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"text","text":"》。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"理想情況下：客戶端做成一個解析 Faas 返回結果數據的一個瀏覽器。瀏覽器協議一旦定義好，就不會經常變換，你看 IE、Chrome 就很少更新。當然我們的這個瀏覽器會複雜一些，我們這個瀏覽器是地圖瀏覽器。如何檢驗客戶端和 Faas 之間的接口定義好不好，可以看後續的產品需求迭代，如果有些產品需求迭代只需要在 Faas 上完成，不需要客戶端的任何修改，那麼這個接口抽象就是成功的。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1.2 BFF 層開發提效","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"提到高德，大家首先想到的應該是其工具屬性：高德是一個導航工具（這個說法現在已經不太準確了，因爲高德這幾年在做工具化往平臺化的轉型，我們要做萬能的高德，高德的交易類業務正在興起，高德打車、門票、酒店等業務發展很迅猛）。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"針對高德導航來說，相比集團其他業務（如電商）來說，有大量的只讀場景是高德業務的一大技術特點。這些只讀場景裏，大量的需求是 BFF（Backend For Frontend）類型的只讀場景。爲什麼這麼說？因爲導航的最核心功能，例如 routing、traffic、eta 等都是相對穩定的，這部分的主要工作在持續不斷地優化算法，使得高德的交通更準，算出的路徑更優。這些核心功能在接口和功能上都是相對比較穩定的，而前端需求是多變的，例如增加個路徑上的限寬墩提示等。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/8b/8b61b1a8e24755d661e63f6b8d8ae37a.png","alt":"2.png","title":"2.png","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Faas 特別適合做 BFF 層開發，在 Faas 上調用後端相對穩定的各個 Baas 服務，Faas 服務來做數據和調用邏輯封裝、快速開發、發佈。在業界，Faas 用的最多的場景也正是 BFF 場景（另外一個叫法是 SFF 場景，service for frontend）。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1.3 Serverless 是雲時代的高級語言","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"FY21，高德是集團內第一個全面上雲的 BU，雖然高德已經全面上雲了，但是這還不是雲時代的終局，目前主要是全面 pouch 化並上雲，容器方面做了標準化，在規模化、資源利用率方面可以全面享受雲的紅利，但是業務開發模式上基本上還和以前一樣，仍是一個大型的分佈式系統的寫法。對於研發模式來說還並沒有享受雲的紅利，可以類比爲我們現在是在用匯編語言的方式來寫跑在雲上的服務。而 Serverless、雲原生可以理解爲雲時代的高級語言，真正做到了 Cloud as a computer，只需要關注於業務開發，不需要考慮大型分佈式系統的各種複雜性。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1.4 Go-Faas 補充 Go 語言生態","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"前面講到了因爲客戶端上雲項目，我們在阿里雲 FC（函數計算）團隊之上做加法，開發了 C++ Faas Runtime。不僅如此，我們還開發了 Go-Faas，我們爲什麼會做 Go-Faas 呢？這裏也簡單介紹一下背景，高德服務端 Go 部分的 qps 峯值已超百萬。高德已補齊了阿里各中間件的 Go 客戶端，和集團中間件部門共建。可觀測性、自動化測試體系也基本完善，目前 Go 生態已基本完善。補齊了 Go-Faas 之後，我們就既能用 Go 寫 Baas 服務，又能用 Go 寫 Faas 服務了，在不同的業務場景採用不同的服務實現方式，Go-Faas 主要應用於上文提到的 BFF 場景。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":1},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2. How-技術方案介紹：在集團現有基礎設施之上做加法","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2.1 整體技術架構","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"上文講了我們爲什麼要做這個事情，接下來講我們具體是怎麼做這個事情的，是如何實現的，具體的技術方案是什麼樣的。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"本着在集團現有的基礎設施、現有的中間件基礎之上做加法的思想，我們和 CSE、阿里雲 FC 函數計算團隊合作共建，開發了 C++ Faas Runtime 和 Go Faas Runtime。整體和集團拉通的技術架構如下圖所示，主要分爲研發態、運行態、運維態三個部分。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/80/808cc1a0e2bc6c664cbeeb44d0659e22.png","alt":"3.png","title":"3.png","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2.1.1 運行態","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"先說運行態，業務流量從我們網關進來，調用到 FC API Server，轉發到 C++/Go Faas Runtime，runtime 來完成用戶函數裏的功能。runtime 的架構本文下一章節會具體介紹。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"和 runtime container 一起部署的有監控、日誌、Dapr 各種 side car，side car 來完成各種日誌採集上報功能，dapr side car 來完成調用集團中間件的功能。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"另外目前 dapr 還在試點的階段，調用中間件主要是通過 Broker 和各個中間件 proxy 來完成，中間件調用的有HSF、Tair、metaq、diamond 等中間件 proxy。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"最後 Autoscaling 模塊來管理函數實例的擴縮容，達到函數自動伸縮的目的。這裏的調度就有各種策略了，有根據請求併發量的調度、函數實例的 CPU 使用率的調度。也能提前設置預留實例數，避免縮容到 0 之後的冷啓動問題。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"底層調用的是集團 ASI 的能力，ASI 可以簡單理解爲集團的 K8S+ sigma（集團的調度系統），最終的部署是 FC 調用 ASI 來完成函數實例部署，彈性伸縮的，部署的最小單位是上圖中的 pod，一個 pod 裏包含 runtime container 和 sidecar set container。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2.1.2 研發態","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"再來看研發態，運行態決定函數是如何運行的，研發態關注函數的開發體驗，如何方便地讓開發者開發、調試、部署、測試一個函數。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"C++ Faas 有個跨平臺的難點問題，C++ Faas runtime 裏有一些依賴庫，這些依賴庫沒有 Java 依賴庫管理那麼方便。這樣依賴庫的安裝比較麻煩，Faas 腳手架就是爲了解決這個問題，調用腳手架，一鍵生成 C++ Faas 示例工程，安裝好各種依賴包。爲了本地能方便地 debug，開發了一個 C++ Faas Runtime Boot 模塊，函數 runtime 啓動入口在 boot 模塊裏，boot 模塊裏集成 runtime 和用戶 Faas 函數，可以對 runtime 來做 debug 單步調試。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我們和集團 Aone 團隊合作，函數的發佈集成到 Aone 環境上了，可以很方便地在 Aone 上來發布 Go 或者 C++ Faas，Aone 上也集成了一鍵生成 example 代碼庫的功能。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"C++ 和 Go Faas 的編譯都依賴相應的編譯環境，Aone 提供了自定義編譯鏡像的功能，我們上傳了編譯鏡像到集團的公共鏡像庫，函數編譯時，在函數的代碼庫裏指定相應的編譯鏡像，編譯鏡像裏安裝了 Faas 的依賴庫、SDK等。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2.1.3 運維態","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"最後來看函數的運維監控，runtime 內部集成了鷹眼、sunfire 採集日誌的功能，runtime 裏面會寫這些日誌，通過 sidecar 裏的 agent 採集到鷹眼、或者 sunfire 監控平臺上去（FC 是通過 SLS 來採集的）之後，就能使用集團現有的監控平臺來做 Faas 的監控了，也能接入集團的 GOC 報警平臺。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2.2 C++/Go Faas Runtime 架構","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"上面講的是和 Aone、FC/CSE、ASI 集成的一個整體架構，Runtime 是這個整體架構的一部分，下面具體講講 Runtime 的架構是怎樣的，Runtime 是如何設計和實現的。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/34/34daba86b44170ab4ddf92967c17f3ab.png","alt":"4.png","title":"4.png","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"最上面部分的","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"用戶 Faas","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":" 代碼只需要依賴 Faas SDK 就可以了，用戶只需要實現 Faas SDK 裏的 Function 接口就能寫自己的 Faas 了。然後如果需要調用外部系統，可以通過 SDK 裏的 Http Client 來調用，如果要調用外部中間件，通過 SDK 裏的 Diamond/Tair/HSF/metaq Client 來調用中間件就可以。SDK 裏的這些接口屏蔽了底層實現的複雜性，用戶不需要關心這些調用最後是如何實現，不需要關心 runtime 的具體實現。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"SDK 層","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"就是上面提到的 Function 定義和各種中間件調用的接口定義。SDK 代碼是開發給 Faas 用戶的。SDK 做的比較輕薄，主要是接口定義，不包含具體的實現。調用中間件的具體實現在 Runtime 裏有兩種實現方式。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"往下是 ","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"Runtime","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":" 的一個整體架構。Starter 是 runtime 的啓動模塊，啓動之後，runtime 自身是一個 Server，啓動的時候根據 Function Config 模塊的配置來啓動 runtime，runtime 啓動之後開啓請求和管理監聽模式。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"再往下是 ","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"Service 層","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"，實現 SDK 裏定義的中間件調用的接口，包含 RSocket 和 dapr 兩種實現方式，RSocket 是通過 RSocket broker 的模式來調用中間件的，runtime 裏集成了 dapr（distributed application runtime），調用中間件也可以通過 dapr 來調用，在前期 dapr 試點階段，如果通過 dapr 調用中間件失敗了，會降級到 rsocket 的方式來調用中間件。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"再往下就是 ","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"rsocket 的協議層","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"，封裝了調用 rsocket 的各種 metadata 協議。dapr 調用是通過 grpc 方式來調用的。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"最下面一層就是集成了 rsocket 和 dapr 了。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"rsocket 調用還涉及到 broker 選擇的問題，upstream 模塊來管理 broker cluster、broker 的註冊反註冊、keepalive 檢查等等，LoadBalance 模塊來實現 broker 的負載均衡選擇以及事件管理、連接管理、重連等等。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"最後 runtime 裏的 metrics 模塊負責鷹眼 trace 的接入，通過 filter 模式來攔截 Faas 鏈路的耗時，並輸出鷹眼日誌。打印 sunfire 日誌，供 sidecar 去採集。下圖是一個實際業務的 sunfire 監控界面：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/ae/ae447453c43e2d525f11dd747a84b861.png","alt":"5.png","title":"5.png","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2.2.1 Dapr","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"dapr 架構如下圖所示，具體可以參考","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://dapr.io/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"官方文檔","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"text","text":"。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/7b/7bcc69859bc3759bc8fb3ce26c4b5820.png","alt":"6.png","title":"6.png","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"runtime 裏以前調用中間件是通過 rsocket 方式來調用的，這裏 rsocket broker 會有一箇中心化問題，爲了解決 outgoing 流量去中心化問題，和集團中間件團隊合作引入了 dapr 架構。只是 runtime 層面集成了 dapr，對於用戶 Faas 來說無感知，不需要關心具體調用中間件是通過 rsocket 調用的還是通過 dapr 調用的。後面 runtime 調用中間件切換到 dapr 之後，用戶 Faas 也是不需要做任何修改的。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":1},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"3. How-業務如何接入 Serverless","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如前文所述，接入統一在 Aone 上接入。提供了 C++ Faas/Go Faas 的接入文檔。提供了函數的 example 代碼庫，代碼庫有各種場景的示例，包括調用集團各種中間件的代碼示例。C++ Faas/Go Faas 的接入對整個集團開發，目前已經有一些高德以外的 BU，在自己的業務中落地了 C++ /Go Faas。Node.js Faas 使用淘寶提供的 runtime 和模板來接入，Java Faas 使用阿里雲 FC 提供的 runtime 和模板來接入就可以了。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"3.1 接入規範-穩定性三板斧：可監控、可灰度、可回滾","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"針對落地新技術大家可能擔心的穩定性問題，我們的應對法寶是阿里集團的穩定性三板斧：可監控、可灰度、可回滾。建立 Faas 鏈路保障羣，拉通上下游各相關業務方、基礎平臺一起，按照集團的 1-5-10 要求，共同努力做到 1 分鐘之內響應線上報警、快速排查；5 分鐘之內處理；10 分鐘之內恢復。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"爲了規範接入過程，避免犯錯誤引發線上故障，我們制定了 Faas 接入規範和 checkList，來幫助業務方快速使用 Faas。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"可監控、可灰度、可回滾是硬性要求，除此之外，業務方如果能做到可降級就更好了。我們的 C++ 客戶端上雲業務，在開始試點階段，就做好了可降級的準備，如果調用 Faas 端失敗，本次調用將會自動降級到本地調用。基本對客戶端功能無損，只是會增加一些響應延遲，另外客戶端上該功能的版本，可能會比服務端稍微老一點，但是功能是向前兼容的，基本不影響客戶端使用。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":1},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"4. Now-我們目前的情況","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"4.1 基礎平臺建設情況","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Go/C++ Faas Runtime 開發完成，對接 FC-Ginkgo/CSE、Aone 完成，已發佈穩定的 1.0 版本。","attrs":{}}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"做了大量的穩定性建設、優雅下線、性能優化、C 編譯器優化，使用了阿里雲基礎軟件部編譯器優化團隊提供的編譯方式來優化 C++ Faas 的編譯，性能提升明顯。","attrs":{}}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"C++/Go Faas 接入鷹眼、sunfire 監控完成，函數具備了可觀測性。","attrs":{}}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"池化功能完成，具備秒級彈性的能力。池化 runtime 鏡像接入 CSE，擴一個新實例的時間由原來的分鐘級變爲秒級。","attrs":{}}]}]}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"4.2 高德的 Serverless 業務落地情況","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"C++ Faas 和 Go Faas 以及 Node.js Faas 在高德內部已經有大量的應用落地。舉幾個例子：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/3a/3a1d386b5b5a74955bc0367552210c83.png","alt":"7.png","title":"7.png","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"上圖中的前兩個圖是 C++ Faas 開發的業務：長途天氣、沿途搜。後兩個截圖是 Go-Faas 開發的業務：導航 tips、足跡地圖。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"高德是阿里集團內 Serverless 應用落地規模最大 的BU，已落地的 Serverless 應用，日常峯值超過十萬 qps 量級。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"4.3 主要收益","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"高德落地了集團內規模最大的 Serverless 應用之後，都有哪些收益呢？","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"首先第一個最重要的收益是：","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"開發提效","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"。我們基於 Serverless 實現的端雲一體組件，助力了客戶端上雲，解除了需要實時的客戶端發版依賴問題，提升了客戶端的開發迭代效率。基於 Serverless 開發的 BFF 層，提升了 BFF 類場景的開發迭代效率。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第二個收益是：","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"運維提效","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"。利用 Serverless 的自動彈性擴縮容技術，高德應對各種出行高峯就更從容了。例如每年的十一出行節、五一、清明、春節的出行高峯，不再需要運維或者業務開發同學在節前提前擴容，節後再縮容了。高德業務高峯的特點還不同於電商的秒殺場景。出行高峯的流量不是在 1 秒內突然漲起來的，我們目前利用池化技術實現的秒級彈性的能力，完全能滿足高德的這個業務場景需求。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第三個收益是：","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"降低成本","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"。高德的業務特點，白天流量大、夜間流量低，高峯值和低谷值差異較大，時間段區分明顯。利用 Serverless 在夜間流量低峯時自動縮容技術，極大地降低了服務器資源的成本。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":1},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"5. Next-後續計劃","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"FC 彈內函數計算使用優化，和 FC 團隊一起持續優化彈內函數計算的性能、穩定性、使用體驗。用集團內豐富的大流量業務場景，來不斷打磨好 C++/Go Faas Runtime，並最終輸出到公有云，普惠數字化轉型浪潮中的更多企業。","attrs":{}}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Dapr 落地，解決 outcoming 流量去中心化問題，逐步上線一些 C++/Go Faas，使用 Dapr 的方式調用集團中間件。","attrs":{}}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Faas 混沌工程，故障演練，逃生能力建設。Faas 在新財年也會參與我們 BU 的故障演練，逐一解決演練過程中發現的問題。","attrs":{}}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"接入邊緣計算。端雲一體的場景下，Faas + 邊緣計算，能提供更低的延時，更好的用戶體驗。","attrs":{}}]}]}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"以上要做的事情任重道遠，另外 FY22 財年我們部門還會做雲原生的試點和落地。技術同學都知道，從技術選型、技術原型到實際業務落地，這之間還有很長的路要走。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"歡迎對 Serverless、雲原生、或者 Go 應用開發感興趣，想一起做點事情的小夥伴來加入我們（不管之前是什麼技術棧，英雄不問出處，投簡歷到 [email protected]，郵件主題爲：姓名-技術方向-來自 Serverless），這裏有大規模的落地場景和簡單開放的技術氛圍，歡迎自薦或推薦！","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"本文整理自阿里巴巴高級技術專家--祥翼在【阿里雲 Serverless Developer Meetup 上海站】上的分享","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"ppt 獲取方式","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"：關注 Serverless 公衆號，後臺對話框回覆“ppt”即可","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"直播回放觀看地址","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"：","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://developer.aliyun.com/live/246653","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https://developer.aliyun.com/live/246653","attrs":{}}]}]}],"attrs":{}}]}
高德 Serverless 平臺建設及實踐
{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"作者 | 鄧學祥（祥翼）來源 | ","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/bFcrWYMWSuZUI1FWEVuI0Q","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Serverless 公衆號","attrs":{}}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"高德從 FY21 財年開始啓動 Serverless 建設，至今一年了，高德 Serverless 業務的峯值超過十萬 qps 量級，平臺從 0 到 1，qps 從零到十萬，成爲阿里集團內 Serverless 應用落地規模最大的 BU，這中間的過程是怎麼樣的？遇到過哪些問題？高德爲什麼要搞 Serverless/Faas？是如何做 Serverless/Faas 的？技術方案是什麼樣的？目前進展怎麼樣？後續又有哪些計劃？本文將和大家做一個簡單的分享。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":1},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1. Why-高德爲什麼要搞 Serverless","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"高德爲什麼要搞 Serverless？背景原因是高德 FY21 財年啓動了一個客戶端上雲項目。客戶端上雲項目的主要目的是","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"爲了提升客戶端的開發迭代效率","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"以前客戶端業務邏輯都在端上，產品需求的變更需要走客戶端發版才能發佈，而客戶端發版需要走各種測試流程、灰度流程，解決客戶端崩潰等問題，目前的節奏是一個月一個版本。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"客戶端上雲之後，某些易變的業務邏輯放到雲上來。新的產品需求在雲端來開發，不用走月度的版本發佈，加快了需求的開發迭代效率，離產研同頻的理想目標又近了一步（爲什麼要說“又”，是因爲高德之前也做了一些優化往產研同頻的方向努力，但是我們希望雲端一體化開發可以是其中最有效的一個技術助力）。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/0b/0b9ea1f7dedb06ce10e402b61c1cd507.png","alt":"1.png","title":"1.png","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1.1 目標：客戶端開發模式--端雲一體","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"雖然開發模式從以前的端開發轉變爲現在的雲 + 端開發，開發同學應該還是原來負責相應業務的同學，但是大家知道，服務端開發和客戶端開發顯然是有差異的，客戶端開發是面向單機模式的開發，服務端開發通常是集羣模式，需要考慮分佈式系統的協調、負載均衡、故障轉移降級等各種複雜問題。如果使用傳統的服務端模式來開發，這個過渡風險就會比較大。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Faas 很好地解決了這一問題。我們結合高德客戶端現有的 xbus 框架（一套客戶端上的本地服務註冊、調用的框架），擴展了 xbus-cloud 組件，使得雲上的開發就像端上開發一樣，目標是一套代碼、兩地運行，一套業務代碼既能在客戶端上運行，也能在服務端上運行。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"高德客戶端主要有三個端：IOS、android、車機（類 Linux 操作系統）。主要有兩種語言：C++ 和 Node.js。傳統地圖功能：如地圖顯示、導航路徑顯示、導航播報等等，由於需要跨三個端，採用的 C++ 語言來開發。地圖導航基礎之上的一些地圖應用功能，如行前/行後卡片、推薦目的地等，主要用 Node.js 來開發。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"FY20 財年淘系前端團隊開發了 Node.js Faas runtime。高德客戶端上雲項目，Node.js 的部分就採用了現有的淘系的 Node.js runtime，來接入集團的 Faas 平臺，完成 Node.js 這部分的一些業務上雲。2020 年十一期間很好地支撐了高德的十一出行節業務。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"C++ Faas 沒有現有的解決方案，因此我們決定在集團的基礎設施之上做加法，新建 C++ Faas 基礎平臺，來助力高德客戶端上雲。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1.1.1 端雲一體的最佳實踐關鍵：客戶端和 Faas 之間的接口抽象","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"原本客戶端的邏輯移到 Faas 服務端上來，或者新的需求一部分在 Faas 服務端上開發，這裏的成敗關鍵點在於：客戶端和 Faas 的接口協議定義，也就是 Faas 的 API 定義，好的 API 定義除了對系統的可維護性有好處以外，對後續支撐業務的迭代開發也很重要，好的 API 定義請參考谷樸大神的文檔：《","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://developer.aliyun.com/article/701810","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"API 設計最佳實踐的思考","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"text","text":"》。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"理想情況下：客戶端做成一個解析 Faas 返回結果數據的一個瀏覽器。瀏覽器協議一旦定義好，就不會經常變換，你看 IE、Chrome 就很少更新。當然我們的這個瀏覽器會複雜一些，我們這個瀏覽器是地圖瀏覽器。如何檢驗客戶端和 Faas 之間的接口定義好不好，可以看後續的產品需求迭代，如果有些產品需求迭代只需要在 Faas 上完成，不需要客戶端的任何修改，那麼這個接口抽象就是成功的。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1.2 BFF 層開發提效","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"提到高德，大家首先想到的應該是其工具屬性：高德是一個導航工具（這個說法現在已經不太準確了，因爲高德這幾年在做工具化往平臺化的轉型，我們要做萬能的高德，高德的交易類業務正在興起，高德打車、門票、酒店等業務發展很迅猛）。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"針對高德導航來說，相比集團其他業務（如電商）來說，有大量的只讀場景是高德業務的一大技術特點。這些只讀場景裏，大量的需求是 BFF（Backend For Frontend）類型的只讀場景。爲什麼這麼說？因爲導航的最核心功能，例如 routing、traffic、eta 等都是相對穩定的，這部分的主要工作在持續不斷地優化算法，使得高德的交通更準，算出的路徑更優。這些核心功能在接口和功能上都是相對比較穩定的，而前端需求是多變的，例如增加個路徑上的限寬墩提示等。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/8b/8b61b1a8e24755d661e63f6b8d8ae37a.png","alt":"2.png","title":"2.png","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Faas 特別適合做 BFF 層開發，在 Faas 上調用後端相對穩定的各個 Baas 服務，Faas 服務來做數據和調用邏輯封裝、快速開發、發佈。在業界，Faas 用的最多的場景也正是 BFF 場景（另外一個叫法是 SFF 場景，service for frontend）。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1.3 Serverless 是雲時代的高級語言","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"FY21，高德是集團內第一個全面上雲的 BU，雖然高德已經全面上雲了，但是這還不是雲時代的終局，目前主要是全面 pouch 化並上雲，容器方面做了標準化，在規模化、資源利用率方面可以全面享受雲的紅利，但是業務開發模式上基本上還和以前一樣，仍是一個大型的分佈式系統的寫法。對於研發模式來說還並沒有享受雲的紅利，可以類比爲我們現在是在用匯編語言的方式來寫跑在雲上的服務。而 Serverless、雲原生可以理解爲雲時代的高級語言，真正做到了 Cloud as a computer，只需要關注於業務開發，不需要考慮大型分佈式系統的各種複雜性。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1.4 Go-Faas 補充 Go 語言生態","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"前面講到了因爲客戶端上雲項目，我們在阿里雲 FC（函數計算）團隊之上做加法，開發了 C++ Faas Runtime。不僅如此，我們還開發了 Go-Faas，我們爲什麼會做 Go-Faas 呢？這裏也簡單介紹一下背景，高德服務端 Go 部分的 qps 峯值已超百萬。高德已補齊了阿里各中間件的 Go 客戶端，和集團中間件部門共建。可觀測性、自動化測試體系也基本完善，目前 Go 生態已基本完善。補齊了 Go-Faas 之後，我們就既能用 Go 寫 Baas 服務，又能用 Go 寫 Faas 服務了，在不同的業務場景採用不同的服務實現方式，Go-Faas 主要應用於上文提到的 BFF 場景。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":1},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2. How-技術方案介紹：在集團現有基礎設施之上做加法","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2.1 整體技術架構","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"上文講了我們爲什麼要做這個事情，接下來講我們具體是怎麼做這個事情的，是如何實現的，具體的技術方案是什麼樣的。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"本着在集團現有的基礎設施、現有的中間件基礎之上做加法的思想，我們和 CSE、阿里雲 FC 函數計算團隊合作共建，開發了 C++ Faas Runtime 和 Go Faas Runtime。整體和集團拉通的技術架構如下圖所示，主要分爲研發態、運行態、運維態三個部分。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/80/808cc1a0e2bc6c664cbeeb44d0659e22.png","alt":"3.png","title":"3.png","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2.1.1 運行態","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"先說運行態，業務流量從我們網關進來，調用到 FC API Server，轉發到 C++/Go Faas Runtime，runtime 來完成用戶函數裏的功能。runtime 的架構本文下一章節會具體介紹。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"和 runtime container 一起部署的有監控、日誌、Dapr 各種 side car，side car 來完成各種日誌採集上報功能，dapr side car 來完成調用集團中間件的功能。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"另外目前 dapr 還在試點的階段，調用中間件主要是通過 Broker 和各個中間件 proxy 來完成，中間件調用的有HSF、Tair、metaq、diamond 等中間件 proxy。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"最後 Autoscaling 模塊來管理函數實例的擴縮容，達到函數自動伸縮的目的。這裏的調度就有各種策略了，有根據請求併發量的調度、函數實例的 CPU 使用率的調度。也能提前設置預留實例數，避免縮容到 0 之後的冷啓動問題。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"底層調用的是集團 ASI 的能力，ASI 可以簡單理解爲集團的 K8S+ sigma（集團的調度系統），最終的部署是 FC 調用 ASI 來完成函數實例部署，彈性伸縮的，部署的最小單位是上圖中的 pod，一個 pod 裏包含 runtime container 和 sidecar set container。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2.1.2 研發態","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"再來看研發態，運行態決定函數是如何運行的，研發態關注函數的開發體驗，如何方便地讓開發者開發、調試、部署、測試一個函數。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"C++ Faas 有個跨平臺的難點問題，C++ Faas runtime 裏有一些依賴庫，這些依賴庫沒有 Java 依賴庫管理那麼方便。這樣依賴庫的安裝比較麻煩，Faas 腳手架就是爲了解決這個問題，調用腳手架，一鍵生成 C++ Faas 示例工程，安裝好各種依賴包。爲了本地能方便地 debug，開發了一個 C++ Faas Runtime Boot 模塊，函數 runtime 啓動入口在 boot 模塊裏，boot 模塊裏集成 runtime 和用戶 Faas 函數，可以對 runtime 來做 debug 單步調試。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我們和集團 Aone 團隊合作，函數的發佈集成到 Aone 環境上了，可以很方便地在 Aone 上來發布 Go 或者 C++ Faas，Aone 上也集成了一鍵生成 example 代碼庫的功能。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"C++ 和 Go Faas 的編譯都依賴相應的編譯環境，Aone 提供了自定義編譯鏡像的功能，我們上傳了編譯鏡像到集團的公共鏡像庫，函數編譯時，在函數的代碼庫裏指定相應的編譯鏡像，編譯鏡像裏安裝了 Faas 的依賴庫、SDK等。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2.1.3 運維態","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"最後來看函數的運維監控，runtime 內部集成了鷹眼、sunfire 採集日誌的功能，runtime 裏面會寫這些日誌，通過 sidecar 裏的 agent 採集到鷹眼、或者 sunfire 監控平臺上去（FC 是通過 SLS 來採集的）之後，就能使用集團現有的監控平臺來做 Faas 的監控了，也能接入集團的 GOC 報警平臺。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2.2 C++/Go Faas Runtime 架構","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"上面講的是和 Aone、FC/CSE、ASI 集成的一個整體架構，Runtime 是這個整體架構的一部分，下面具體講講 Runtime 的架構是怎樣的，Runtime 是如何設計和實現的。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/34/34daba86b44170ab4ddf92967c17f3ab.png","alt":"4.png","title":"4.png","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"最上面部分的","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"用戶 Faas","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":" 代碼只需要依賴 Faas SDK 就可以了，用戶只需要實現 Faas SDK 裏的 Function 接口就能寫自己的 Faas 了。然後如果需要調用外部系統，可以通過 SDK 裏的 Http Client 來調用，如果要調用外部中間件，通過 SDK 裏的 Diamond/Tair/HSF/metaq Client 來調用中間件就可以。SDK 裏的這些接口屏蔽了底層實現的複雜性，用戶不需要關心這些調用最後是如何實現，不需要關心 runtime 的具體實現。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"SDK 層","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"就是上面提到的 Function 定義和各種中間件調用的接口定義。SDK 代碼是開發給 Faas 用戶的。SDK 做的比較輕薄，主要是接口定義，不包含具體的實現。調用中間件的具體實現在 Runtime 裏有兩種實現方式。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"往下是 ","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"Runtime","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":" 的一個整體架構。Starter 是 runtime 的啓動模塊，啓動之後，runtime 自身是一個 Server，啓動的時候根據 Function Config 模塊的配置來啓動 runtime，runtime 啓動之後開啓請求和管理監聽模式。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"再往下是 ","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"Service 層","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"，實現 SDK 裏定義的中間件調用的接口，包含 RSocket 和 dapr 兩種實現方式，RSocket 是通過 RSocket broker 的模式來調用中間件的，runtime 裏集成了 dapr（distributed application runtime），調用中間件也可以通過 dapr 來調用，在前期 dapr 試點階段，如果通過 dapr 調用中間件失敗了，會降級到 rsocket 的方式來調用中間件。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"再往下就是 ","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"rsocket 的協議層","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"，封裝了調用 rsocket 的各種 metadata 協議。dapr 調用是通過 grpc 方式來調用的。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"最下面一層就是集成了 rsocket 和 dapr 了。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"rsocket 調用還涉及到 broker 選擇的問題，upstream 模塊來管理 broker cluster、broker 的註冊反註冊、keepalive 檢查等等，LoadBalance 模塊來實現 broker 的負載均衡選擇以及事件管理、連接管理、重連等等。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"最後 runtime 裏的 metrics 模塊負責鷹眼 trace 的接入，通過 filter 模式來攔截 Faas 鏈路的耗時，並輸出鷹眼日誌。打印 sunfire 日誌，供 sidecar 去採集。下圖是一個實際業務的 sunfire 監控界面：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/ae/ae447453c43e2d525f11dd747a84b861.png","alt":"5.png","title":"5.png","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2.2.1 Dapr","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"dapr 架構如下圖所示，具體可以參考","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://dapr.io/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"官方文檔","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"text","text":"。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/7b/7bcc69859bc3759bc8fb3ce26c4b5820.png","alt":"6.png","title":"6.png","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"runtime 裏以前調用中間件是通過 rsocket 方式來調用的，這裏 rsocket broker 會有一箇中心化問題，爲了解決 outgoing 流量去中心化問題，和集團中間件團隊合作引入了 dapr 架構。只是 runtime 層面集成了 dapr，對於用戶 Faas 來說無感知，不需要關心具體調用中間件是通過 rsocket 調用的還是通過 dapr 調用的。後面 runtime 調用中間件切換到 dapr 之後，用戶 Faas 也是不需要做任何修改的。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":1},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"3. How-業務如何接入 Serverless","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如前文所述，接入統一在 Aone 上接入。提供了 C++ Faas/Go Faas 的接入文檔。提供了函數的 example 代碼庫，代碼庫有各種場景的示例，包括調用集團各種中間件的代碼示例。C++ Faas/Go Faas 的接入對整個集團開發，目前已經有一些高德以外的 BU，在自己的業務中落地了 C++ /Go Faas。Node.js Faas 使用淘寶提供的 runtime 和模板來接入，Java Faas 使用阿里雲 FC 提供的 runtime 和模板來接入就可以了。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"3.1 接入規範-穩定性三板斧：可監控、可灰度、可回滾","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"針對落地新技術大家可能擔心的穩定性問題，我們的應對法寶是阿里集團的穩定性三板斧：可監控、可灰度、可回滾。建立 Faas 鏈路保障羣，拉通上下游各相關業務方、基礎平臺一起，按照集團的 1-5-10 要求，共同努力做到 1 分鐘之內響應線上報警、快速排查；5 分鐘之內處理；10 分鐘之內恢復。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"爲了規範接入過程，避免犯錯誤引發線上故障，我們制定了 Faas 接入規範和 checkList，來幫助業務方快速使用 Faas。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"可監控、可灰度、可回滾是硬性要求，除此之外，業務方如果能做到可降級就更好了。我們的 C++ 客戶端上雲業務，在開始試點階段，就做好了可降級的準備，如果調用 Faas 端失敗，本次調用將會自動降級到本地調用。基本對客戶端功能無損，只是會增加一些響應延遲，另外客戶端上該功能的版本，可能會比服務端稍微老一點，但是功能是向前兼容的，基本不影響客戶端使用。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":1},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"4. Now-我們目前的情況","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"4.1 基礎平臺建設情況","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Go/C++ Faas Runtime 開發完成，對接 FC-Ginkgo/CSE、Aone 完成，已發佈穩定的 1.0 版本。","attrs":{}}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"做了大量的穩定性建設、優雅下線、性能優化、C 編譯器優化，使用了阿里雲基礎軟件部編譯器優化團隊提供的編譯方式來優化 C++ Faas 的編譯，性能提升明顯。","attrs":{}}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"C++/Go Faas 接入鷹眼、sunfire 監控完成，函數具備了可觀測性。","attrs":{}}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"池化功能完成，具備秒級彈性的能力。池化 runtime 鏡像接入 CSE，擴一個新實例的時間由原來的分鐘級變爲秒級。","attrs":{}}]}]}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"4.2 高德的 Serverless 業務落地情況","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"C++ Faas 和 Go Faas 以及 Node.js Faas 在高德內部已經有大量的應用落地。舉幾個例子：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/3a/3a1d386b5b5a74955bc0367552210c83.png","alt":"7.png","title":"7.png","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"上圖中的前兩個圖是 C++ Faas 開發的業務：長途天氣、沿途搜。後兩個截圖是 Go-Faas 開發的業務：導航 tips、足跡地圖。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"高德是阿里集團內 Serverless 應用落地規模最大 的BU，已落地的 Serverless 應用，日常峯值超過十萬 qps 量級。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"4.3 主要收益","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"高德落地了集團內規模最大的 Serverless 應用之後，都有哪些收益呢？","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"首先第一個最重要的收益是：","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"開發提效","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"。我們基於 Serverless 實現的端雲一體組件，助力了客戶端上雲，解除了需要實時的客戶端發版依賴問題，提升了客戶端的開發迭代效率。基於 Serverless 開發的 BFF 層，提升了 BFF 類場景的開發迭代效率。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第二個收益是：","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"運維提效","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"。利用 Serverless 的自動彈性擴縮容技術，高德應對各種出行高峯就更從容了。例如每年的十一出行節、五一、清明、春節的出行高峯，不再需要運維或者業務開發同學在節前提前擴容，節後再縮容了。高德業務高峯的特點還不同於電商的秒殺場景。出行高峯的流量不是在 1 秒內突然漲起來的，我們目前利用池化技術實現的秒級彈性的能力，完全能滿足高德的這個業務場景需求。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第三個收益是：","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"降低成本","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"。高德的業務特點，白天流量大、夜間流量低，高峯值和低谷值差異較大，時間段區分明顯。利用 Serverless 在夜間流量低峯時自動縮容技術，極大地降低了服務器資源的成本。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":1},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"5. Next-後續計劃","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"FC 彈內函數計算使用優化，和 FC 團隊一起持續優化彈內函數計算的性能、穩定性、使用體驗。用集團內豐富的大流量業務場景，來不斷打磨好 C++/Go Faas Runtime，並最終輸出到公有云，普惠數字化轉型浪潮中的更多企業。","attrs":{}}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Dapr 落地，解決 outcoming 流量去中心化問題，逐步上線一些 C++/Go Faas，使用 Dapr 的方式調用集團中間件。","attrs":{}}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Faas 混沌工程，故障演練，逃生能力建設。Faas 在新財年也會參與我們 BU 的故障演練，逐一解決演練過程中發現的問題。","attrs":{}}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"接入邊緣計算。端雲一體的場景下，Faas + 邊緣計算，能提供更低的延時，更好的用戶體驗。","attrs":{}}]}]}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"以上要做的事情任重道遠，另外 FY22 財年我們部門還會做雲原生的試點和落地。技術同學都知道，從技術選型、技術原型到實際業務落地，這之間還有很長的路要走。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"歡迎對 Serverless、雲原生、或者 Go 應用開發感興趣，想一起做點事情的小夥伴來加入我們（不管之前是什麼技術棧，英雄不問出處，投簡歷到 [email protected]，郵件主題爲：姓名-技術方向-來自 Serverless），這裏有大規模的落地場景和簡單開放的技術氛圍，歡迎自薦或推薦！","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"本文整理自阿里巴巴高級技術專家--祥翼在【阿里雲 Serverless Developer Meetup 上海站】上的分享","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"ppt 獲取方式","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"：關注 Serverless 公衆號，後臺對話框回覆“ppt”即可","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"直播回放觀看地址","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"：","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://developer.aliyun.com/live/246653","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https://developer.aliyun.com/live/246653","attrs":{}}]}]}],"attrs":{}}]}
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