深入源碼理解SpringBean生命週期

概述

本文描述下Spring的實例化、初始化、銷燬，整個SpringBean生命週期，聊一聊BeanPostProcessor的回調時機、Aware方法的回調時機、初始化方法的回調及其順序、銷燬方法的回調及其順序、重要的BeanPostProcessor的介紹。
開頭是一張我畫的調用流轉圖，然後就是我寫的一個Demo通過日誌打印了SpringBean的生命週期，最後通過源碼慢慢跟進其生命週期。

生命週期流轉圖

生命週期Demo

如下對某一個Bean進行getBean操作，最後銷燬上下文，通過日誌來查看SpringBean的生命週期

代碼

package com.deepz.spring;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactoryAware;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.DisposableBean;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.support.MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.support.RootBeanDefinition;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;
import org.springframework.context.EnvironmentAware;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import javax.annotation.PreDestroy;

@Slf4j
@Configuration
public class BeanLifeCycleManager {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(BeanLifeCycleManager.class);
        context.getBean("beanLifeCycle");
        context.close();
    }

    @Bean(initMethod = "init", destroyMethod = "destroyMethod")
    public BeanLifeCycle beanLifeCycle() {
        return new BeanLifeCycle();
    }

    interface MyAware extends ApplicationContextAware, EnvironmentAware, BeanFactoryAware {

    }

    @Component
    static class MyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor implements MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor {

        @Override
        public void postProcessMergedBeanDefinition(RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition, Class<?> beanType, String beanName) {
            if ("beanLifeCycle".equals(beanName)) {
                log.info(">>>>>>>>>>元信息收集 ，MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor#postProcessMergedBeanDefinition(RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition, Class<?> beanType, String beanName) \nbeanDefinition = [{}]\n,beanType = [{}],beanName = [{}]\n", beanDefinition, beanType, beanName);
            }
        }
    }

    @Component
    static class MyInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor implements InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor {
        @Override
        public Object postProcessBeforeInstantiation(Class<?> beanClass, String beanName) throws BeansException {
            if ("beanLifeCycle".equals(beanName)) {
                log.info(">>>>>>>>>>實例化前，InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor#postProcessBeforeInstantiation(Class<?> beanClass,String beanName) \nbeanClass = [{}],beanName = [{}]\n", beanClass, beanName);
            }
            return null;
        }

        @Override
        public boolean postProcessAfterInstantiation(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
            if ("beanLifeCycle".equals(beanName)) {
                log.info(">>>>>>>>>>實例化後，InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor#postProcessAfterInstantiation(Object bean, String beanName)\nbean = [{}],beanName = [{}]\n", bean, beanName);
            }
            return false;
        }

        @Override
        public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
            if ("beanLifeCycle".equals(beanName)) {
                log.info(">>>>>>>>>>初始化前，InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor#postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName)\nbean= [{}],beanName = [{}]\n", bean, beanName);
            }
            return bean;
        }

        @Override
        public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
            if ("beanLifeCycle".equals(beanName)) {
                log.info(">>>>>>>>>>初始化後，InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor#postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName)\nbean= [{}],beanName = [{}]\n", bean, beanName);
            }
            return bean;
        }
    }

    public static class BeanLifeCycle implements InitializingBean, MyAware, DisposableBean {
        public void init() {
            log.info(">>>>>>>>>>init-method\n");
        }

        @PostConstruct
        public void postConstruct() {
            log.info(">>>>>>>>>>postConstruct\n");
        }

        @Override
        public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
            log.info(">>>>>>>>>>afterPropertiesSet\n");
        }

        public void destroyMethod() {
            log.info(">>>>>>>>>>destroy-method\n");
        }

        @Override
        public void destroy() {
            log.info(">>>>>>>>>>DisposableBean-destroy\n");
        }

        @PreDestroy
        public void preDestroy(){
            log.info(">>>>>>>>>>preDestroy\n");
        }


        @Override
        public void setBeanFactory(BeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException {
            log.info(">>>>>>>>>>BeanFactoryAware#setBeanFactory\n");
        }

        @Override
        public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
            log.info(">>>>>>>>>>ApplicationContextAware#setApplicationContext\n");
        }

        @Override
        public void setEnvironment(Environment environment) {
            log.info(">>>>>>>>>>EnvironmentAware#setEnvironment\n");
        }
    }
}

執行結果

實例化前

從createBean開始，見證Bean的實例化過程，首先是Bean實例化前的一個擴展點，它允許你自定義返回Bean實例。（AOP也是在這裏生成代理對象的）

回調Bean實例化前的方法

AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#createBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args)

主要是爲了回調所有InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor的postProcessBeforeInstantiation(Class<?> beanClass, String beanName)方法，該方法會返回Object對象，如果返回的Object不爲空，則會回調所有BeanPostProcessor的postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName)方法，那麼返回的Object則會作爲Bean去處理，如果返回Null，那麼後續就會交由Spring來實例化、初始化（doCreateBean）。

自定義攔截實例化Bean後回調Bean後置方法

實例化

AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#doCreateBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args)
如源碼所示，如果上述擴展點沒有return，那麼就會進入到doCreateBean方法

首先是對Bean進行實例化，其中包括了構造器推斷等，本文不過多聊這塊內容，最後會返回BeanWrapper包裹的Bean實例。

元信息收集

實例化之後Spring通過回調MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor#postProcessMergedBeanDefinition(RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition, Class<?> beanType, String beanName)對一些元信息做了收集維護處理，如@Autowire、@Resource、@PostConstruct 和 @PreDestroy等，爲後續屬性注入做準備。

MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor的實現類

MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor回調

初始化

實例化完了，對一些需要收集的信息也準備好了，後續就是進行屬性注入和回調初始化方法了，其中populateBean方法是屬性填充，initializeBean是回調初始化方法。

InstatiationAwareBeanPostProcessor回調postProcessAfterInstantiation方法

AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#populateBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable BeanWrapper bw)

Aware接口回調

AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#initializeBean(final String beanName, final Object bean, @Nullable RootBeanDefinition mbd)

部分Aware接口回調、BeanPostProcessor的初始化前置回調(包括PostConstruct的調用、其餘Aware的回調）、afterPropertiesSet回調、自定義init方法回調、BeanPostProcessor的初始化後置回調

部分Aware回調

AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#invokeAwareMethods(final String beanName, final Object bean

BeanPostProcessor的初始化前置回調

重要BeanPostProcessor如下：

ApplicationContextAwareProcessor#postProcessBeforeInitialization(final Object bean, String beanName)回調剩餘Aware方法

InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor#postProcessBeforeInitialization(final Object bean, String beanName)回調PostConstruct方法

回調初始化方法

AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#invokeInitMethods(String beanName, final Object bean, @Nullable RootBeanDefinition mbd)
先回調InitializingBean的afterPropertiesSet方法，隨後回調自定義的init-method

BeanPostProcessor的初始化後置回調

銷燬

銷燬方法最終會走到DisposableBeanAdapter的destroy方法去做處理，與初始化方法類似，這裏簡單介紹把。
看圖就能發現，順序執行的，先是註解方法，然後是DisposableBean的回調，最後是自定義的銷燬方法，就是如此簡單。

（小聲）弄了挺久的，如果對你有幫助，或者讓你回憶鞏固相關知識點了，給我點個"支持“鼓勵下..(滑稽），有什麼問題歡迎評論討論。。。