postgres數據庫有很多參數是可配置和優化的，整理如下：
allow_system_table_mods,off,允許修改系統表的結構
application_name,pgAdmin 4 - CONN:5982631,設置要在統計信息和日誌中報告的應用程序名稱。
archive_command,./archivelog %p,設置將被調用以存檔WAL文件的shell命令
archive_mode,on,允許使用“存檔”命令存檔WAL文件
archive_timeout,10min,如果N秒內沒有啓動新文件，則強制切換到下一個WAL文件。
array_nulls,on,啓用數組中空元素的輸入
authentication_timeout,1min,設置完成客戶端身份驗證所允許的最長時間
autovacuum,on,啓動自動真空子流程
autovacuum_analyze_scale_factor,0.1,在分析之前插入、更新或刪除元組的次數，作爲重新元組的一部分
autovacuum_analyze_threshold,50,分析前插入、更新或刪除元組的最小數目
autovacuum_freeze_max_age,200000000,Age at which to autovacuum a table to prevent transaction ID wraparound.
autovacuum_max_workers,3,Sets the maximum number of simultaneously running autovacuum worker processes.
autovacuum_multixact_freeze_max_age,400000000,Multixact age at which to autovacuum a table to prevent multixact wraparound.
autovacuum_naptime,1min,Time to sleep between autovacuum runs.
autovacuum_vacuum_cost_delay,20ms,Vacuum cost delay in milliseconds, for autovacuum.
autovacuum_vacuum_cost_limit,-1,Vacuum cost amount available before napping, for autovacuum.
autovacuum_vacuum_scale_factor,0.2,Number of tuple updates or deletes prior to vacuum as a fraction of reltuples.
autovacuum_vacuum_threshold,50,Minimum number of tuple updates or deletes prior to vacuum.
autovacuum_work_mem,-1,Sets the maximum memory to be used by each autovacuum worker process.
backend_flush_after,0,以前執行的寫入操作刷新到磁盤的頁數
backslash_quote,safe_encoding,設置字符串文本中是否允許使用--。
bgwriter_delay,200ms,兩次後臺寫入之間的睡眠時間
bgwriter_flush_after,512kB,Number of pages after which previously performed writes are flushed to disk.
bgwriter_lru_maxpages,100,Background writer maximum number of LRU pages to flush per round.
bgwriter_lru_multiplier,2,Multiple of the average buffer usage to free per round.
block_size,8192,Shows the size of a disk block.
bonjour,off,Enables advertising the server via Bonjour.
bonjour_name Sets the Bonjour service name.
bytea_output,hex,Sets the output format for bytea.
check_function_bodies,on,Check function bodies during CREATE FUNCTION.
checkpoint_completion_target,0.5,Time spent flushing dirty buffers during checkpoint, as fraction of checkpoint interval.
checkpoint_flush_after,256kB,Number of pages after which previously performed writes are flushed to disk.
checkpoint_timeout,5min,Sets the maximum time between automatic WAL checkpoints.
checkpoint_warning,30s,Enables warnings if checkpoint segments are filled more frequently than this.
client_encoding,UNICODE,Sets the client's character set encoding.
client_min_messages,notice,Sets the message levels that are sent to the client.
cluster_name Sets the name of the cluster, which is included in the process title.
commit_delay,0,Sets the delay in microseconds between transaction commit and flushing WAL to disk.
commit_siblings,5,Sets the minimum concurrent open transactions before performing commit_delay.
constraint_exclusion,partition,Enables the planner to use constraints to optimize queries.
cpu_index_tuple_cost,0.005,Sets the planner's estimate of the cost of processing each index entry during an index scan.
cpu_operator_cost,0.0025,Sets the planner's estimate of the cost of processing each operator or function call.
cpu_tuple_cost,0.01,Sets the planner's estimate of the cost of processing each tuple (row).
cursor_tuple_fraction,0.1,Sets the planner's estimate of the fraction of a cursor's rows that will be retrieved.
data_checksums,off,Shows whether data checksums are turned on for this cluster.
DateStyle,ISO, MDY,Sets the display format for date and time values.
db_user_namespace,off,Enables per-database user names.
deadlock_timeout,1s,Sets the time to wait on a lock before checking for deadlock.
debug_assertions,off,Shows whether the running server has assertion checks enabled.
debug_pretty_print,on,Indents parse and plan tree displays.
debug_print_parse,off,Logs each query's parse tree.
debug_print_plan,off,Logs each query's execution plan.
debug_print_rewritten,off,Logs each query's rewritten parse tree.
default_statistics_target,100,Sets the default statistics target.
default_tablespace Sets the default tablespace to create tables and indexes in.
default_text_search_config,pg_catalog.english,Sets default text search configuration.
default_transaction_deferrable,off,Sets the default deferrable status of new transactions.
default_transaction_isolation,read committed,Sets the transaction isolation level of each new transaction.
default_transaction_read_only,off,Sets the default read-only status of new transactions.
default_with_oids,off,Create new tables with OIDs by default.
dynamic_shared_memory_type,posix,Selects the dynamic shared memory implementation used.
effective_cache_size,4GB,Sets the planner's assumption about the size of the disk cache.
effective_io_concurrency,1,Number of simultaneous requests that can be handled efficiently by the disk subsystem.
enable_bitmapscan,on,Enables the planner's use of bitmap-scan plans.
enable_gathermerge,on,Enables the planner's use of gather merge plans.
enable_hashagg,on,Enables the planner's use of hashed aggregation plans.
enable_hashjoin,on,Enables the planner's use of hash join plans.
enable_indexonlyscan,on,Enables the planner's use of index-only-scan plans.
enable_indexscan,on,Enables the planner's use of index-scan plans.
enable_material,on,Enables the planner's use of materialization.
enable_mergejoin,on,Enables the planner's use of merge join plans.
enable_nestloop,on,Enables the planner's use of nested-loop join plans.
enable_seqscan,on,Enables the planner's use of sequential-scan plans.
enable_sort,on,Enables the planner's use of explicit sort steps.
enable_tidscan,on,Enables the planner's use of TID scan plans.
escape_string_warning,on,Warn about backslash escapes in ordinary string literals.
event_source,PostgreSQL,Sets the application name used to identify PostgreSQL messages in the event log.
exit_on_error,off,Terminate session on any error.
extra_float_digits,0,Sets the number of digits displayed for floating-point values.
force_parallel_mode,off,Forces use of parallel query facilities.
from_collapse_limit,8,Sets the FROM-list size beyond which subqueries are not collapsed.
fsync,on,Forces synchronization of updates to disk.
full_page_writes,on,Writes full pages to WAL when first modified after a checkpoint.
geqo,on,Enables genetic query optimization.
geqo_effort,5,GEQO: effort is used to set the default for other GEQO parameters.
geqo_generations,0,GEQO: number of iterations of the algorithm.
geqo_pool_size,0,GEQO: number of individuals in the population.
geqo_seed,0,GEQO: seed for random path selection.
geqo_selection_bias,2,GEQO: selective pressure within the population.
geqo_threshold,12,Sets the threshold of FROM items beyond which GEQO is used.
gin_fuzzy_search_limit,0,Sets the maximum allowed result for exact search by GIN.
gin_pending_list_limit,4MB,Sets the maximum size of the pending list for GIN index.
hot_standby,on,Allows connections and queries during recovery.
hot_standby_feedback,off,Allows feedback from a hot standby to the primary that will avoid query conflicts.
huge_pages,try,Use of huge pages on Linux.
idle_in_transaction_session_timeout,0,Sets the maximum allowed duration of any idling transaction.
ignore_checksum_failure,off,Continues processing after a checksum failure.
ignore_system_indexes,off,Disables reading from system indexes.
integer_datetimes,on,Datetimes are integer based.
IntervalStyle,postgres,Sets the display format for interval values.
join_collapse_limit,8,Sets the FROM-list size beyond which JOIN constructs are not flattened.
krb_caseins_users,off,Sets whether Kerberos and GSSAPI user names should be treated as case-insensitive.
lc_collate,zh_CN.utf-8,Shows the collation order locale.
lc_ctype,zh_CN.utf-8,Shows the character classification and case conversion locale.
lc_messages,en_US,Sets the language in which messages are displayed.
lc_monetary,en_US,Sets the locale for formatting monetary amounts.
lc_numeric,en_US,Sets the locale for formatting numbers.
lc_time,en_US,Sets the locale for formatting date and time values.
listen_addresses,*,Sets the host name or IP address(es) to listen to.
lo_compat_privileges,off,Enables backward compatibility mode for privilege checks on large objects.
local_preload_libraries Lists unprivileged shared libraries to preload into each backend.
lock_timeout,0,Sets the maximum allowed duration of any wait for a lock.
log_autovacuum_min_duration,-1,Sets the minimum execution time above which autovacuum actions will be logged.
log_checkpoints,off,Logs each checkpoint.
log_connections,off,Logs each successful connection.
log_destination,csvlog,Sets the destination for server log output.
log_disconnections,off,Logs end of a session, including duration.
log_duration,off,Logs the duration of each completed SQL statement.
log_error_verbosity,default,Sets the verbosity of logged messages.
log_executor_stats,off,Writes executor performance statistics to the server log.
log_file_mode,0600,Sets the file permissions for log files.
log_hostname,off,Logs the host name in the connection logs.
log_line_prefix,%m [%p],Controls information prefixed to each log line.
log_lock_waits,off,Logs long lock waits.
log_min_duration_statement,1s,Sets the minimum execution time above which statements will be logged.
log_min_error_statement,error,Causes all statements generating error at or above this level to be logged.
log_min_messages,notice,Sets the message levels that are logged.
log_parser_stats,off,Writes parser performance statistics to the server log.
log_planner_stats,off,Writes planner performance statistics to the server log.
log_replication_commands,off,Logs each replication command.
log_rotation_age,1d,Automatic log file rotation will occur after N minutes.
log_rotation_size,10MB,Automatic log file rotation will occur after N kilobytes.
log_statement,none,Sets the type of statements logged.
log_statement_stats,off,Writes cumulative performance statistics to the server log.
log_temp_files,-1,Log the use of temporary files larger than this number of kilobytes.
log_timezone,PRC,Sets the time zone to use in log messages.
log_truncate_on_rotation,off,Truncate existing log files of same name during log rotation.
logging_collector,on,Start a subprocess to capture stderr output and/or csvlogs into log files.
maintenance_work_mem,64MB,Sets the maximum memory to be used for maintenance operations.
max_connections,1000,Sets the maximum number of concurrent connections.
max_files_per_process,1000,Sets the maximum number of simultaneously open files for each server process.
max_function_args,100,Shows the maximum number of function arguments.
max_identifier_length,63,Shows the maximum identifier length.
max_index_keys,32,Shows the maximum number of index keys.
max_locks_per_transaction,64,Sets the maximum number of locks per transaction.
max_logical_replication_workers,4,Maximum number of logical replication worker processes.
max_parallel_workers,8,Sets the maximum number of parallel workers that can be active at one time.
max_parallel_workers_per_gather,2,Sets the maximum number of parallel processes per executor node.
max_pred_locks_per_page,2,Sets the maximum number of predicate-locked tuples per page.
max_pred_locks_per_relation,-2,Sets the maximum number of predicate-locked pages and tuples per relation.
max_pred_locks_per_transaction,64,Sets the maximum number of predicate locks per transaction.
max_prepared_transactions,0,Sets the maximum number of simultaneously prepared transactions.
max_replication_slots,10,Sets the maximum number of simultaneously defined replication slots.
max_stack_depth,2MB,Sets the maximum stack depth, in kilobytes.
max_standby_archive_delay,30s,Sets the maximum delay before canceling queries when a hot standby server is processing archived WAL data.
max_standby_streaming_delay,30s,Sets the maximum delay before canceling queries when a hot standby server is processing streamed WAL data.
max_sync_workers_per_subscription,2,Maximum number of table synchronization workers per subscription.
max_wal_senders,4,Sets the maximum number of simultaneously running WAL sender processes.
max_wal_size,768MB,Sets the WAL size that triggers a checkpoint.
max_worker_processes,8,Maximum number of concurrent worker processes.
min_parallel_index_scan_size,512kB,Sets the minimum amount of index data for a parallel scan.
min_parallel_table_scan_size,8MB,Sets the minimum amount of table data for a parallel scan.
min_wal_size,80MB,Sets the minimum size to shrink the WAL to.
old_snapshot_threshold,-1,Time before a snapshot is too old to read pages changed after the snapshot was taken.
operator_precedence_warning,off,Emit a warning for constructs that changed meaning since PostgreSQL 9.4.
parallel_setup_cost,1000,Sets the planner's estimate of the cost of starting up worker processes for parallel query.
parallel_tuple_cost,0.1,Sets the planner's estimate of the cost of passing each tuple (row) from worker to master backend.
password_encryption,md5,Encrypt passwords.
pg_stat_statements.max,1000,Sets the maximum number of statements tracked by pg_stat_statements.
pg_stat_statements.save,on,Save pg_stat_statements statistics across server shutdowns.
pg_stat_statements.track,all,Selects which statements are tracked by pg_stat_statements.
pg_stat_statements.track_utility,on,Selects whether utility commands are tracked by pg_stat_statements.
port,5100,Sets the TCP port the server listens on.
post_auth_delay,0,Waits N seconds on connection startup after authentication.
pre_auth_delay,0,Waits N seconds on connection startup before authentication.
quote_all_identifiers,off,When generating SQL fragments, quote all identifiers.
random_page_cost,4,Sets the planner's estimate of the cost of a nonsequentially fetched disk page.
replacement_sort_tuples,150000,Sets the maximum number of tuples to be sorted using replacement selection.
restart_after_crash,on,Reinitialize server after backend crash.
row_security,on,Enable row security.
search_path,```$user, public`,`Sets the schema search order for names that are not schema-qualified.` `segment_size`,`1GB`,`Shows the number of pages per disk file.` `seq_page_cost`,`1`,`Sets the planner's estimate of the cost of a sequentially fetched disk page.` `server_encoding`,`UTF8`,`Sets the server (database) character set encoding.` `server_version`,`10.4`,`Shows the server version.` `server_version_num`,`100004`,`Shows the server version as an integer.` `session_replication_role`,`origin`,`Sets the session's behavior for triggers and rewrite rules.` `shared_buffers`,`91750MB`,`Sets the number of shared memory buffers used by the server.` `ssl`,`off`,`Enables SSL connections.` `ssl_ca_file` `Location of the SSL certificate authority file.` `ssl_cert_file`,`server.crt`,`Location of the SSL server certificate file.` `ssl_crl_file` `Location of the SSL certificate revocation list file.` `ssl_key_file`,`server.key`,`Location of the SSL server private key file.` `ssl_prefer_server_ciphers`,`on`,`Give priority to server ciphersuite order.` `standard_conforming_strings`,`on`,`Causes '...' strings to treat backslashes literally.` `statement_timeout`,`0`,`Sets the maximum allowed duration of any statement.` `superuser_reserved_connections`,`3`,`Sets the number of connection slots reserved for superusers.` `synchronize_seqscans`,`on`,`Enable synchronized sequential scans.` `synchronous_commit`,`on`,`Sets the current transaction's synchronization level.` `synchronous_standby_names` `Number of synchronous standbys and list of names of potential synchronous ones.` `syslog_facility`,`local0`,`Sets the syslogfacilityto be used when syslog enabled.` `syslog_ident`,`postgres`,`Sets the program name used to identify PostgreSQL messages in syslog.` `syslog_sequence_numbers`,`on`,`Add sequence number to syslog messages to avoid duplicate suppression.` `syslog_split_messages`,`on`,`Split messages sent to syslog by lines and to fit into 1024 bytes.` `tcp_keepalives_count`,`9`,`Maximum number of TCP keepalive retransmits.` `tcp_keepalives_idle`,`7200`,`Time between issuing TCP keepalives.` `tcp_keepalives_interval`,`75`,`Time between TCP keepalive retransmits.` `temp_buffers`,`8MB`,`Sets the maximum number of temporary buffers used by each session.` `temp_file_limit`,`-1`,`Limits the total size of all temporary files used by each process.` `temp_tablespaces` `Sets the tablespace(s) to use for temporary tables and sort files.` `TimeZone`,`PRC`,`Sets the time zone for displaying and interpreting time stamps.` `timezone_abbreviations`,`Default`,`Selects a file of time zone abbreviations.` `trace_notify`,`off`,`Generates debugging output for LISTEN and NOTIFY.` `trace_recovery_messages`,`log`,`Enables logging of recovery-related debugging information.` `trace_sort`,`off`,`Emit information about resource usage in sorting.` `track_activities`,`on`,`Collects information about executing commands.` `track_activity_query_size`,`1024`,`Sets the size reserved for pg_stat_activity.query, in bytes.` `track_commit_timestamp`,`off`,`Collects transaction commit time.` `track_counts`,`on`,`Collects statistics on database activity.` `track_functions`,`none`,`Collects function-level statistics on database activity.` `track_io_timing`,`off`,`Collects timing statistics for database I/O activity.` `transaction_deferrable`,`off`,`Whether to defer a read-only serializable transaction until it can be executed with no possible serialization failures.` `transaction_isolation`,`read committed`,`Sets the current transaction's isolation level.` `transaction_read_only`,`off`,`Sets the current transaction's read-only status.` `transform_null_equals`,`off`,`Treatsexpr=NULLasexpr IS NULL``.unix_socket_groupSets the owning group of the Unix-domain socket.unix_socket_permissions,0777,Sets the access permissions of the Unix-domain socket.update_process_title,on,Updates the process title to show the active SQL command.vacuum_cost_delay,0,Vacuum cost delay in milliseconds.vacuum_cost_limit,200,Vacuum cost amount available before napping.vacuum_cost_page_dirty,20,Vacuum cost for a page dirtied by vacuum.vacuum_cost_page_hit,1,Vacuum cost for a page found in the buffer cache.vacuum_cost_page_miss,10,Vacuum cost for a page not found in the buffer cache.vacuum_defer_cleanup_age,0,Number of transactions by which VACUUM and HOT cleanup should be deferred, if any.vacuum_freeze_min_age,50000000,Minimum age at which VACUUM should freeze a table row.vacuum_freeze_table_age,150000000,Age at which VACUUM should scan whole table to freeze tuples.vacuum_multixact_freeze_min_age,5000000,Minimum age at which VACUUM should freeze a MultiXactId in a table row.vacuum_multixact_freeze_table_age,150000000,Multixact age at which VACUUM should scan whole table to freeze tuples.wal_block_size,8192,Shows the block size in the write ahead log.wal_buffers,16MB,Sets the number of disk-page buffers in shared memory for WAL.wal_compression,off,Compresses full-page writes written in WAL file.wal_consistency_checkingSets the WAL resource managers for which WAL consistency checks are done.wal_keep_segments,100,Sets the number of WAL files held for standby servers.wal_level,replica,Set the level of information written to the WAL.wal_log_hints,off,Writes full pages to WAL when first modified after a checkpoint, even for a non-critical modifications.wal_receiver_status_interval,10s,Sets the maximum interval between WAL receiver status reports to the primary.wal_receiver_timeout,1min,Sets the maximum wait time to receive data from the primary.wal_retrieve_retry_interval,5s,Sets the time to wait before retrying to retrieve WAL after a failed attempt.wal_segment_size,16MB,Shows the number of pages per write ahead log segment.wal_sender_timeout,1min,Sets the maximum time to wait for WAL replication.wal_sync_method,fdatasync,Selects the method used for forcing WAL updates to disk.wal_writer_delay,200ms,Time between WAL flushes performed in the WAL writer.wal_writer_flush_after,1MB,Amount of WAL written out by WAL writer that triggers a flush.work_mem,4MB,Sets the maximum memory to be used for query workspaces.xmlbinary,base64,Sets how binary values are to be encoded in XML.xmloption,content,Sets whether XML data in implicit parsing and serialization operations is to be considered as documents or content fragments.zero_damaged_pages,off,Continues processing past damaged page headers.`