大廠的產品研發流程，你知道麼？

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"text":"引言","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在企業的產品研發中，一個好的產品研發規範可以有效的提升整個團隊的工作效率。由於每個公司甚至每個部門產品研發背景的不同，制定的產品研發流程規範也會存在差異，但是大體上都是相同的。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"本篇文章是筆者在","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"平安好學","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"實習過程中，以","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"研發實習生","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"的角度對產品研發流程的理解，","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"平安好學","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"隸屬於","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"中國平安","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"，所以這套研發流程規範可以反映大多數","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"平安系","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"公司的研發規範。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"按照我的理解，產品研發可以大致分爲五個流程：","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"產品立項","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"、","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"需求分析","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"、","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"產品設計","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"、","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"開發上線","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"和","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"產品迭代","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"text":"產品立項","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"公司的立足之本在於市面上的相關領域是否有本公司的核心競爭產品，通常情況下，一個產品的提出需要綜合考量","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"市場的需求","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"、","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"面向的人羣","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"及","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"競爭的對手","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"等，以我所在的實習公司","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"平安好學","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"爲例，該公司的產品主打英語學習，按照年齡段分爲了兩大模塊：","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"青少兒英語","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"和","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"成人英語","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"，根據不同年齡段人羣的需求提供不同的內容。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"公司產品的立項一般不用我們關心，這是公司在建立之初就已經確定好或者公司發展壯大時的產物。在產品研發團隊中，我們更多關心的是結合現階段的應用場景，怎麼進一步完善公司的產品，在保留原有用戶的基礎上，吸引更多的新用戶使用我們的產品。因此，團隊中的項目開發流程更多是指：","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"需求分析","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"、","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"產品設計","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"、","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"開發上線","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"和","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"產品迭代","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/c2/c27630a01ad9afb6aee9b4e1c0f97fb8.png","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"50%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"text":"需求分析","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"需求分析","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"這一階段是由產品經理主導的，需求分析的前提是先要","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"獲取需求","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"，一般情況下，需求的獲取的渠道如下：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1、用戶對產品的使用反饋","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2、調研潛在的用戶，獲取他們對產品的需求","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"3、與市面上的主流產品做對比，找到本公司產品的不足，需要優化的點","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"4、上級領導的決定，必須要做的","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"產品經理獲取到需求後，需要進一步分析哪些需求是可以做的。在產品研發團隊中，產品經理對需求的決定權還沒有到隻手遮天的地步，他們需要和研發團隊討論，看看需求","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"是否合理","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"、","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"是否有意義","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"及","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"是否能實現","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"需求分析階段，通常會開","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"三次產品審覈會議","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/5d/5d1eb7396cf5585fe9ecc817ceace85c.png","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"25%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"產品內審會：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在產品內審會中，參加人員一般是","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"產品組的成員","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"，他們會對蒐集到的需求進行初次整理與分析，形成需求列表初稿。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"產品初審會：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在產品初審會中，參加人員一般是","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"產品組成員","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"、","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"UI","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"及","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"相關的開發人員","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"，產品經理會將內審會整理出的需求列表與相關人員進行討論，與研發人員討論需求的可行性，最後篩選出最終的需求列表。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"產品終審會：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在產品終審會中，UI組會提供需求的","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"原型圖","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"，產品經理會再次對需求進行確認並進行重要性排序，按照重要程度對需求進行","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"排班車","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"，未上班車的需求會放入到需求池中。最後，全員確認需求並對各自的工時進行排期。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"text":"產品設計","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"產品設計環節發生在","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"需求分析階段","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"，也就是產品組內審會結束後的步驟，產品設計可以細分爲兩個步驟：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1、UI設計","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2、技術評審","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"UI設計需要在產品內審會後，產品初審會前提供需求的","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"低保真原型圖","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"，在產品終審會時提供","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"高保真原型圖","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"技術評審是分析需求是否在技術上可實現。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"text":"開發上線","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"開發上線","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"是在需求確認後，各個職能小組協同合作，完成相應的任務，它一般分爲三個步驟：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1、開發","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2、測試","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"3、上線","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/4c/4c19f22747a3205414c7f0337a956589.png","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"25%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"開發組長確認好技術方案後，就可以對組員進行分工協同完成需求。開發人員在編寫完成相應的代碼後，需要自己","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"編寫測試用例","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"進行測試，併發布相應的的","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"數據庫腳本","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"及","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"配置的部署文檔","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"。在這些完成後，開發人員需要將","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"測試代碼的報告","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"、","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"代碼交叉審覈報告","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"及","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"測試用例","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"發送給測試組。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"測試人員會編寫測試用例對需求代碼進行測試，在上線前，需要交付","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"測試報告","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"當一切都準備恰當後，產品研發組會確認上線郵件，進行上線，並在上線內的一段時間內","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"檢測產品的穩定性","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"text":"產品迭代","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"當完成一部分需求後，就可以進行下次版本的迭代，繼續重複以上步驟：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"即：","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"需求分析","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"--->","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"產品設計","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"--->","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"開發上線","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"--->","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"產品迭代","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"text":"總結","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"剛開始實習的時候，我覺得這些流程好繁瑣，我覺得很沒有必要，但是隨着實習的深入，我發現這些流程可以幫助產品研發團隊的每個職能小組各司其職，任務明確，不僅提升了產品研發的效率，也提升了產品的質量。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我是","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"Simon郎","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#009688","name":"user"}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"，一個每天想要博學一點點的小青年。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}}]}