張一鳴90億大手筆買下一家VR公司，字節跳動“跳”進元宇宙

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"大廠競逐元宇宙。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"字節跳動90億收購一家VR公司"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"8月29日，VR 創業公司 Pico（北京小鳥看看科技）發出全員信，正式官宣該公司被字節跳動收購。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Pico CEO周宏偉在全員信中表示，VR能爲人們帶來更豐富的感知和交互體驗，這與字節跳動“激發創造、豐富生活”的使命天然契合。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"收購完成後，Pico將併入字節跳動的VR相關業務，整合字節的內容資源和技術能力，將在產品研發和開發者生態上加大投入。Pico用戶在享受原有服務的基礎上，未來將獲得更多內容支持和技術升級服務。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Pico並未公佈交易的金額。此前多家媒體報道稱，該筆交易金額爲50億元。但據天眼查顯示，此次收購金額爲90億元。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"據科技最前線援引業內人士消息稱，在此次的Pico收購中，騰訊也參與到競標中來，但在和字節跳動競價後放棄。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"公開資料顯示，Pico成立於2015年，其大股東是是歌爾集團，持股26.0443%，創始人周宏偉曾在歌爾股份任職近十年，負責硬件研發團隊。歌爾聲學是 Facebook 旗下 Oculus 的主要代工廠之一，與歌爾交情甚篤也令Pico在VR設備頂尖供應鏈資源上佔據優勢。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Pico致力於VR研發、虛擬現實內容及應用打造，其核心產品是移動VR一體機。Pico兼顧C端與B端市場，在C端，Pico爲消費者提供遊戲和影音娛樂服務。在B端，Pico爲醫療、培訓、展覽展示等行業提供VR解決方案。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"創業6年來，Pico已經發展成國內VR市場的佼佼者。IDC報告顯示，2020年Pico位居中國VR市場份額第一。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"企查查數據顯示，在被字節跳動收購前，Pico已經完成3輪融資。最近的一次融資是在今年3月，其完成了2.42億人民幣B+輪融資，基石資本、深圳市伊敦傳媒投資基金、建銀國際、建銀蘇州科創基金等是其投資方。2020年底，Pico1.93億元完成了B輪融資。2018年7月，Pico獲得了1.675億元A輪融資。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"值得一提的是，這是今年，國內VR領域最大的一筆收購案。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"有觀點認爲，透過這筆投資足可窺見字節跳動進軍“元宇宙”的野心。今年7月，字節跳動還從蘋果“挖來”了資深工程師李曉凱，此前他主要負責光學顯示方向的技術研發與團隊搭建。加入字節跳動後，李曉凱圍繞VR技術領域展開了招聘計劃，他同時也負責字節跳動收購 Pico 團隊的相關對接事宜。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"實際上，字節跳動在VR\/AR領域佈局已久，官方稱尤其在交互系統、環境理解等方面收穫許多技術成果。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"據Tech星球報道，字節內部正在開發一款元宇宙社交產品“Pixsoul”，打造沉浸式虛擬社交平臺。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"今年4月，字節跳動斥資1億元投資了一家元宇宙概念公司— 代碼乾坤，代碼乾坤成立於2018年，核心產品爲青少年創作和社交 UGC平臺。近日，代碼乾坤正式上線了元宇宙遊戲《重啓世界》。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"海內外多家巨頭佈局元宇宙"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"一時間，“元宇宙”成爲海內外大廠競相佈局的新陣地。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"國內除字節跳動外，騰訊早在2012年就進行了元宇宙佈局，下面這張圖較爲完整地顯示了騰訊的元宇宙版圖，囊括了社交、直播、電商、遊戲等業務。在遊戲領域，騰訊投資了美國元宇宙遊戲開發商Roblox。今年4月，遊戲開發商 Epic 宣佈獲得10 億美元融資用於元宇宙業務開發，騰訊持有 Epic 40% 的股份。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"國外，Facebook、英偉達等廠商“炒熱”了元宇宙概念。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2014 年，Facebook 耗資 23 億美元收購了 Oculus ，對 AR 投下重注，此舉也被視爲是引領 AR\/VR 產業爆發的標誌。以 Oculus 爲根基，Facebook 推出了更多硬件設備，其中最成功的是 Portal 視頻通話設備、Gear VR 等產品。2018 年，Facebook 推出了集成有 AI、增強現實等技術的 Portal 和 Portal+，隨後又擴展了 Portal TV 和 Oculus VR 耳機產品線，進一步佈局硬件。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"今年8 月 20 日，Facebook 推出了一款 VR 遠程辦公應用 Horizon Workrooms，其可以讓辦公室工作人員使用虛擬現實進行聯繫和交互。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"近期，扎克伯格宣佈要帶領團隊 all in 元宇宙。Facebook將成立新的團隊，專責發展元宇宙事業。扎克伯格曾在接受 The Verge 專訪時表示，元宇宙會是科技行業下個章節中，非常重要的環節 。他表示，臉書要在 5 年內從社羣公司轉變成一間元宇宙公司。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"今年8月，英偉達宣佈，全球首個爲元宇宙建立提供基礎的模擬和協作平臺 — 英偉達 Omniverse™將通過與 Blender 和 Adobe 集成來實現大規模擴展，並將向數百萬新用戶開放。Omniverse 是英偉達實現元宇宙的基礎技術和平臺產品。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"自去年 12 月發佈公測版以來，已有超過 5 萬名個人創作者下載了 Omniverse。且全球已有 500 多家企業都在使用 Omniverse ，包括建築、動畫設計、應急管理等行業的公司。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"黃仁勳曾在 6 月參加電玩展活動時談到對元宇宙的設想。“許多人不斷談論元宇宙，我相信我們正邁向元宇宙的風口浪尖。元宇宙是一個與真實世界互相連結、多人共享的虛擬世界，有真實的設計、實體經濟。你有一個化身，這個化身屬於你，或就是你本身，可能具有你的真實頭像，或是一個代表角色”。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2021年，將是元宇宙元年？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"元宇宙的概念在今年實實在在的火了。全球很多公司都在講元宇宙的概念，認爲元宇宙是或指向互聯網的“終極形態”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"所謂元宇宙，是一個虛擬時空間的集合， 由一系列的增強現實（AR）， 虛擬現實（VR） 和互聯網（Internet）所組成。可以簡單理解爲，平行於現實世界的虛擬世界，現實中人們可以做到的事，都可以在元宇宙中實現。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"維基百科對元宇宙的定義是，通過虛擬增強的物理現實，呈現收斂性和物理持久性特徵，基於未來互聯網具有鏈接感知和共享特徵的 3D 虛擬空間。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"其實，元宇宙（Metaverse）的概念起源於科幻小說《雪崩》。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1992年，尼爾·斯蒂芬森描述了一個人們以虛擬形象在三維空間中與各種軟件進行交互的世界。他在書中這樣描述這個世界，“只要帶上耳機和目鏡，找到一個終端，就可以通過連接進入由計算機模擬的另一個三維現實，每個人都可以在這個與真實世界平行的虛擬空間中擁有自己的分身”，這個虛擬空間，就是“元宇宙”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"20多年後，元宇宙再一次火了，人們相信，未來有一天，小說中的暢想終究會實現。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"現階段，元宇宙最受關注的細分賽道除了VR外，就是遊戲。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"今年3月，遊戲廠商Roblox在紐交所掛牌上市，成爲“元宇宙第一股”。Roblox上市首日收盤上漲54.4%，市值達383億美元億美元，與前一年相比，估值暴漲了10倍。在投資人眼裏，元宇宙是一個富有想象力的好故事。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"招股書顯示，Roblox認爲，元宇宙的定義包含八大要素：身份、朋友、沉浸感、低延遲、多元化、隨時隨地、經濟系統和文明。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"3月11日，中國移動沙盒平臺研發商MetaApp宣佈完成1億美元C輪融資，這是國內元宇宙賽道最大單筆融資。MetaApp致力於在移動端構建一個屬於全年齡的虛擬世界，讓人們能夠在虛擬世界中體驗不同方式的工作、玩耍和娛樂。一個月後，遊戲開發商Epic 獲得新一輪10億美元的融資，並宣佈將資金用於開發元宇宙業務。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"儘管熱度很高，但目前，對於元宇宙，還沒有統一的明確的概念。元宇宙的實現，既仰賴人工智能、VR\/VR、5G、雲計算、大數據等基礎設施的支持，又要求深入應用到行業中，並建立起生態，這都需要花費很長的時間。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"《三體》作者劉慈欣曾有一個著名的論斷：人類的面前有兩條路，一條向外，通往星辰大海，一條對內，通往虛擬現實。他認爲人類的未來在於前一條路，而後一條將會帶來內卷，把人類帶向毀滅的境地。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"奇幻的元宇宙時代什麼時候到來，還面臨很大的不確定性。"}]}]}