张一鸣90亿大手笔买下一家VR公司，字节跳动“跳”进元宇宙

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"大厂竞逐元宇宙。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"字节跳动90亿收购一家VR公司"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"8月29日，VR 创业公司 Pico（北京小鸟看看科技）发出全员信，正式官宣该公司被字节跳动收购。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Pico CEO周宏伟在全员信中表示，VR能为人们带来更丰富的感知和交互体验，这与字节跳动“激发创造、丰富生活”的使命天然契合。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"收购完成后，Pico将并入字节跳动的VR相关业务，整合字节的内容资源和技术能力，将在产品研发和开发者生态上加大投入。Pico用户在享受原有服务的基础上，未来将获得更多内容支持和技术升级服务。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Pico并未公布交易的金额。此前多家媒体报道称，该笔交易金额为50亿元。但据天眼查显示，此次收购金额为90亿元。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"据科技最前线援引业内人士消息称，在此次的Pico收购中，腾讯也参与到竞标中来，但在和字节跳动竞价后放弃。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"公开资料显示，Pico成立于2015年，其大股东是是歌尔集团，持股26.0443%，创始人周宏伟曾在歌尔股份任职近十年，负责硬件研发团队。歌尔声学是 Facebook 旗下 Oculus 的主要代工厂之一，与歌尔交情甚笃也令Pico在VR设备顶尖供应链资源上占据优势。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Pico致力于VR研发、虚拟现实内容及应用打造，其核心产品是移动VR一体机。Pico兼顾C端与B端市场，在C端，Pico为消费者提供游戏和影音娱乐服务。在B端，Pico为医疗、培训、展览展示等行业提供VR解决方案。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"创业6年来，Pico已经发展成国内VR市场的佼佼者。IDC报告显示，2020年Pico位居中国VR市场份额第一。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"企查查数据显示，在被字节跳动收购前，Pico已经完成3轮融资。最近的一次融资是在今年3月，其完成了2.42亿人民币B+轮融资，基石资本、深圳市伊敦传媒投资基金、建银国际、建银苏州科创基金等是其投资方。2020年底，Pico1.93亿元完成了B轮融资。2018年7月，Pico获得了1.675亿元A轮融资。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"值得一提的是，这是今年，国内VR领域最大的一笔收购案。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"有观点认为，透过这笔投资足可窥见字节跳动进军“元宇宙”的野心。今年7月，字节跳动还从苹果“挖来”了资深工程师李晓凯，此前他主要负责光学显示方向的技术研发与团队搭建。加入字节跳动后，李晓凯围绕VR技术领域展开了招聘计划，他同时也负责字节跳动收购 Pico 团队的相关对接事宜。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"实际上，字节跳动在VR\/AR领域布局已久，官方称尤其在交互系统、环境理解等方面收获许多技术成果。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"据Tech星球报道，字节内部正在开发一款元宇宙社交产品“Pixsoul”，打造沉浸式虚拟社交平台。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"今年4月，字节跳动斥资1亿元投资了一家元宇宙概念公司— 代码乾坤，代码乾坤成立于2018年，核心产品为青少年创作和社交 UGC平台。近日，代码乾坤正式上线了元宇宙游戏《重启世界》。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"海内外多家巨头布局元宇宙"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"一时间，“元宇宙”成为海内外大厂竞相布局的新阵地。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"国内除字节跳动外，腾讯早在2012年就进行了元宇宙布局，下面这张图较为完整地显示了腾讯的元宇宙版图，囊括了社交、直播、电商、游戏等业务。在游戏领域，腾讯投资了美国元宇宙游戏开发商Roblox。今年4月，游戏开发商 Epic 宣布获得10 亿美元融资用于元宇宙业务开发，腾讯持有 Epic 40% 的股份。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"国外，Facebook、英伟达等厂商“炒热”了元宇宙概念。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2014 年，Facebook 耗资 23 亿美元收购了 Oculus ，对 AR 投下重注，此举也被视为是引领 AR\/VR 产业爆发的标志。以 Oculus 为根基，Facebook 推出了更多硬件设备，其中最成功的是 Portal 视频通话设备、Gear VR 等产品。2018 年，Facebook 推出了集成有 AI、增强现实等技术的 Portal 和 Portal+，随后又扩展了 Portal TV 和 Oculus VR 耳机产品线，进一步布局硬件。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"今年8 月 20 日，Facebook 推出了一款 VR 远程办公应用 Horizon Workrooms，其可以让办公室工作人员使用虚拟现实进行联系和交互。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"近期，扎克伯格宣布要带领团队 all in 元宇宙。Facebook将成立新的团队，专责发展元宇宙事业。扎克伯格曾在接受 The Verge 专访时表示，元宇宙会是科技行业下个章节中，非常重要的环节 。他表示，脸书要在 5 年内从社群公司转变成一间元宇宙公司。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"今年8月，英伟达宣布，全球首个为元宇宙建立提供基础的模拟和协作平台 — 英伟达 Omniverse™将通过与 Blender 和 Adobe 集成来实现大规模扩展，并将向数百万新用户开放。Omniverse 是英伟达实现元宇宙的基础技术和平台产品。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"自去年 12 月发布公测版以来，已有超过 5 万名个人创作者下载了 Omniverse。且全球已有 500 多家企业都在使用 Omniverse ，包括建筑、动画设计、应急管理等行业的公司。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"黄仁勋曾在 6 月参加电玩展活动时谈到对元宇宙的设想。“许多人不断谈论元宇宙，我相信我们正迈向元宇宙的风口浪尖。元宇宙是一个与真实世界互相连结、多人共享的虚拟世界，有真实的设计、实体经济。你有一个化身，这个化身属于你，或就是你本身，可能具有你的真实头像，或是一个代表角色”。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2021年，将是元宇宙元年？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"元宇宙的概念在今年实实在在的火了。全球很多公司都在讲元宇宙的概念，认为元宇宙是或指向互联网的“终极形态”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"所谓元宇宙，是一个虚拟时空间的集合， 由一系列的增强现实（AR）， 虚拟现实（VR） 和互联网（Internet）所组成。可以简单理解为，平行于现实世界的虚拟世界，现实中人们可以做到的事，都可以在元宇宙中实现。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"维基百科对元宇宙的定义是，通过虚拟增强的物理现实，呈现收敛性和物理持久性特征，基于未来互联网具有链接感知和共享特征的 3D 虚拟空间。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"其实，元宇宙（Metaverse）的概念起源于科幻小说《雪崩》。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1992年，尼尔·斯蒂芬森描述了一个人们以虚拟形象在三维空间中与各种软件进行交互的世界。他在书中这样描述这个世界，“只要带上耳机和目镜，找到一个终端，就可以通过连接进入由计算机模拟的另一个三维现实，每个人都可以在这个与真实世界平行的虚拟空间中拥有自己的分身”，这个虚拟空间，就是“元宇宙”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"20多年后，元宇宙再一次火了，人们相信，未来有一天，小说中的畅想终究会实现。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"现阶段，元宇宙最受关注的细分赛道除了VR外，就是游戏。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"今年3月，游戏厂商Roblox在纽交所挂牌上市，成为“元宇宙第一股”。Roblox上市首日收盘上涨54.4%，市值达383亿美元亿美元，与前一年相比，估值暴涨了10倍。在投资人眼里，元宇宙是一个富有想象力的好故事。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"招股书显示，Roblox认为，元宇宙的定义包含八大要素：身份、朋友、沉浸感、低延迟、多元化、随时随地、经济系统和文明。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"3月11日，中国移动沙盒平台研发商MetaApp宣布完成1亿美元C轮融资，这是国内元宇宙赛道最大单笔融资。MetaApp致力于在移动端构建一个属于全年龄的虚拟世界，让人们能够在虚拟世界中体验不同方式的工作、玩耍和娱乐。一个月后，游戏开发商Epic 获得新一轮10亿美元的融资，并宣布将资金用于开发元宇宙业务。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"尽管热度很高，但目前，对于元宇宙，还没有统一的明确的概念。元宇宙的实现，既仰赖人工智能、VR\/VR、5G、云计算、大数据等基础设施的支持，又要求深入应用到行业中，并建立起生态，这都需要花费很长的时间。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"《三体》作者刘慈欣曾有一个著名的论断：人类的面前有两条路，一条向外，通往星辰大海，一条对内，通往虚拟现实。他认为人类的未来在于前一条路，而后一条将会带来内卷，把人类带向毁灭的境地。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"奇幻的元宇宙时代什么时候到来，还面临很大的不确定性。"}]}]}