今天發現一個這個有意思的問題,在html中寫js代碼功能全部正常使用,但將js代碼放到js文件中在調用就出現各種問題。
1 首先在使用jQuery動態生成標籤時,建議將自己寫的js文件放在</body>
之後
(要不然部分功能可能會失效)
2 如題所示,出現403錯誤,這是因爲django有一個csrf機制,如果沒有csrf驗證就會被阻止訪問,有兩種解決方式:
(1)在settings.py文件中找到如下代碼
MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
# 這一條語句註釋上可以不使用這個機制(但是不建議這樣做)
# 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.SessionAuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
)
(2)第二種方式就是添加csrf驗證,這裏又分成三種情況:
a. 提交表單時,在form表單下加入這樣的代碼:
<form method="POST" action="#">
{% csrf_token %}
</form>
b. 在html中寫js代碼時可使用這樣的方式:
<script>
$.ajaxSetup({
data: {csrfmiddlewaretoken: '{{ csrf_token }}' },
});
</script>
c. html外部調用js文件時,需要在js文件中加入這樣的代碼:
jQuery(document).ajaxSend(function(event, xhr, settings) {
function getCookie(name) {
var cookieValue = null;
if (document.cookie && document.cookie != '') {
var cookies = document.cookie.split(';');
for (var i = 0; i < cookies.length; i++) {
var cookie = jQuery.trim(cookies[i]);
// Does this cookie string begin with the name we want?
if (cookie.substring(0, name.length + 1) == (name + '=')) {
cookieValue = decodeURIComponent(cookie.substring(name.length + 1));
break;
}
}
}
return cookieValue;
}
function sameOrigin(url) {
// url could be relative or scheme relative or absolute
var host = document.location.host; // host + port
var protocol = document.location.protocol;
var sr_origin = '//' + host;
var origin = protocol + sr_origin;
// Allow absolute or scheme relative URLs to same origin
return (url == origin || url.slice(0, origin.length + 1) == origin + '/') ||
(url == sr_origin || url.slice(0, sr_origin.length + 1) == sr_origin + '/') ||
// or any other URL that isn't scheme relative or absolute i.e relative.
!(/^(\/\/|http:|https:).*/.test(url));
}
function safeMethod(method) {
return (/^(GET|HEAD|OPTIONS|TRACE)$/.test(method));
}
if (!safeMethod(settings.type) && sameOrigin(settings.url)) {
xhr.setRequestHeader("X-CSRFToken", getCookie('csrftoken'));
}
});
這裏參考了網上的一些博文,然後根據自己的實踐總結了一下。