Vertex Color Map
Material Editor > Maps rollout > Click a Map button. > Material/Map Browser > Vertex Color
Mapping vertex colors
Vertex Color map displays the effects of assigned vertex colors in the rendered scene. You can assign vertex colors using the VertexPaint Modifier, the Assign Vertex Colors utility, or the vertex controls for aneditable mesh, editable patch, or editable poly. While vertex color assignment is primarily used for special applications, such as game engines or radiosity renderers, you can also use it to create colorful, gradient surface effects.
Tip: To view vertex colors in a viewport, right-click the object, choose Properties from the quad menu, then turn on the Vertex Color toggle in the Display Properties group.