實時流媒體
實時流媒體是一邊接收數據包一邊播放，本地不保留文件副本，實時流式傳輸總是實時傳送，可以實時實況轉播，支持隨機訪問，用戶可以快進或者快退以觀看前面或後面的內容。實時流媒體傳輸必須保證數據包的傳輸速度大於文件的播放速度，否則用戶看到的視頻會出現暫停。當網絡堵塞情況下視頻質量會下降，所以要想保證視頻的質量漸進式下載會更好一些。
實時流媒體協議：
RTSP(Real Time Streaming Protocol)
MMS(Microsoft Media Server protocol)
HLS(Http Live Streaming)
這裏主要介紹HLS，
HLS(HTTP Live Streaming)是蘋果公司針對iPhone、iPod、iTouch和iPad等移動設備而開發的基於HTTP協議的流媒體解決方案
https://developer.apple.com/streaming/
技術關鍵點
1.採集視頻源和音頻源的數據
2.對原始數據進行H264編碼和AAC編碼
3.視頻和音頻數據封裝爲MPEG-TS包
4.HLS分段生成策略及m3u8索引文件
5.HTTP傳輸協議
搭建HLS流媒體服務器
Apache HTTP Server (蘋果自帶)
Tomcat Web Server
IIS(Internet Information Services)
這裏只推薦Apache HTTP Server
打開終端，vi /etc/apache2/httpd.conf
在<IfModule mime_module>下
添加兩行
AddType application/x-mpegURL.M3U8
AddType video/MP2T.ts
可能你的權限不夠，那就用 sudo chmod 777 /etc/apache2/httpd.conf
然後 vi /etc/apache2/httpd.conf
重啓服務器
sudo apachectl restart
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或者搭建xmpp服務器 或者不搭建，從優酷獲取m3u8
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創建一個工程
從git中下載庫：http://git.oschina.net/1213125967/HLS
將庫導入工程
需要引入第三方開源框架：ASIHttpRequest，CocoaHTTPServer，m3u8
需要導入系統框架：libsqlite3.dylib、libz.dylib、libxml2.dylib、CoreTelephony.framework、SystemConfiguration.framework、MobileCoreServices.framework、Security.framework、CFNetwork.framework、MediaPlayer.framework
在library search path 中添加 /usr/include/libxml2
添加頭文件
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#import <MediaPlayer/MediaPlayer.h>#import "M3U8Handler.h"#import "VideoDownloader.h"#import "HTTPServer.h" |
聲明屬性：
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@property (nonatomic, strong)HTTPServer * httpServer;@property (nonatomic, strong)VideoDownloader *downloader; |
預先播放，畢先設置服務器
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#pragma mark - 打開本地服務器- (void)openHttpServer{ self.httpServer = [[HTTPServer alloc] init]; [self.httpServer setType:@"_http._tcp."]; // 設置服務類型 [self.httpServer setPort:12345]; // 設置服務器端口 // 獲取本地Documents路徑 NSString *pathPrefix = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory,NSUserDomainMask,YES) objectAtIndex:0]; // 獲取本地Documents路徑下downloads路徑 NSString *webPath = [pathPrefix stringByAppendingPathComponent:kPathDownload]; NSLog(@"-------------\nSetting document root: %@\n", webPath); // 設置服務器路徑 [self.httpServer setDocumentRoot:webPath]; NSError *error; if(![self.httpServer start:&error]) { NSLog(@"-------------\nError starting HTTP Server: %@\n", error); }} |
搭建完成後，播放什麼的，都是取決於需求
在線流媒體播放
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// 優酷視頻m3u8新地址格式如下:http://pl.youku.com/playlist/m3u8?vid=XNzIwMDE5NzI4&type=mp4 // 如果上面的鏈接不可用，那麼使用這個鏈接http://v.youku.com/player/getM3U8/vid/XNzIwMDE5NzI4/type/flv NSURL *url = [[NSURL alloc] initWithString:@"http://v.youku.com/player/getM3U8/vid/XNzIwMDE5NzI4/type/mp4"]; MPMoviePlayerViewController *player = [[MPMoviePlayerViewController alloc] initWithContentURL:url]; [self presentMoviePlayerViewControllerAnimated:player]; |
視頻下載
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M3U8Handler *handler = [[M3U8Handler alloc] init]; handler.delegate = self; // 解析m3u8視頻地址 [handler praseUrl:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"http://pl.youku.com/playlist/m3u8?vid=XNzIwMDE5NzI4&type=mp4"]]; // 開啓網絡指示器 [[UIApplication sharedApplication] setNetworkActivityIndicatorVisible:YES]; |
播放本地視頻
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NSString * playurl = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"http://127.0.0.1:12345/XNzIwMDE5NzI4/movie.m3u8"]; NSLog(@"本地視頻地址-----%@", playurl); // 獲取本地Documents路徑 NSString *pathPrefix = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory,NSUserDomainMask,YES) objectAtIndex:0]; // 獲取本地Documents路徑下downloads路徑 NSString *localDownloadsPath = [pathPrefix stringByAppendingPathComponent:kPathDownload]; // 獲取視頻本地路徑 NSString *filePath = [localDownloadsPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"XNzIwMDE5NzI4/movie.m3u8"]; NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager]; // 判斷視頻是否緩存完成，如果完成則播放本地緩存 if ([fileManager fileExistsAtPath:filePath]) { MPMoviePlayerViewController *playerViewController =[[MPMoviePlayerViewController alloc]initWithContentURL:[NSURL URLWithString: playurl]]; [self presentMoviePlayerViewControllerAnimated:playerViewController]; } else{ UIAlertView *alertView = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"Sorry" message:@"當前視頻未緩存" delegate:self cancelButtonTitle:@"確定" otherButtonTitles:nil, nil]; [alertView show]; } |
添加代理 <M3U8HandlerDelegate,VideoDownloadDelegate>
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#pragma mark --------------視頻解析完成-----------------(void)praseM3U8Finished:(M3U8Handler*)handler{ handler.playlist.uuid = @"XNzIwMDE5NzI4"; self.downloader = [[VideoDownloader alloc]initWithM3U8List:handler.playlist]; [self.downloader addObserver:self forKeyPath:@"totalprogress" options:NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew | NSKeyValueObservingOptionOld context:nil]; self.downloader.delegate = self; [self.downloader startDownloadVideo];}-(void)observeValueForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath ofObject:(id)object change:(NSDictionary *)change context:(void *)context{ NSLog(@"下載進度 - %f", self.downloader.totalprogress);}#pragma mark --------------視頻解析失敗-----------------(void)praseM3U8Failed:(M3U8Handler*)handler{ NSLog(@"視頻解析失敗-failed -- %@",handler);}#pragma mark --------------視頻下載完成-----------------(void)videoDownloaderFinished:(VideoDownloader*)request{ [[UIApplication sharedApplication] setNetworkActivityIndicatorVisible:NO]; [request createLocalM3U8file]; NSLog(@"----------視頻下載完成-------------");}#pragma mark --------------視頻下載失敗-----------------(void)videoDownloaderFailed:(VideoDownloader*)request{ NSLog(@"----------視頻下載失敗-----------");} |
