- 問題背景
因之前安裝過數據庫11.2.0.1.0和11.2.0.3.0數據庫，在環境變量倒換之間出現錯誤，通過kill進程的方法刪除了數據庫。然後刪除了datafile等文件。在第二次安裝的時候，出現如下情況
[oracle@aisms]./runInstaller
You do not have sufficient permissions to access the inventory '/data/oracle/oraInventory3/logs'. Installation cannot continue. Make sure that you have read/write permissions to the inventory directory and restart the installer.: Permission denied
You do not have sufficient permissions to access the inventory '/data/oracle/oraInventory3/logs'. Installation cannot continue. Make sure that you have read/write permissions to the inventory directory and restart the installer.: Permission denied
之前的環境變量情況爲：
$ORACLE_BASE=/data/oracle
$ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0.3.0
$ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0.3.0
- 問題分析：
來看看oraInventory目錄的介紹
All Oracle software installations rely on this directory.
Ensure that you back it up regularly.
Do not delete this directory unless you have completely removed
all Oracle software from the system.
Ensure that you back it up regularly.
Do not delete this directory unless you have completely removed
all Oracle software from the system.
[root@ocmserver]more oraInst.loc
inventory_loc=/opt/oracle/oraInventory
inst_group=oinstall
[root@ocmserver]
inventory_loc=/opt/oracle/oraInventory
inst_group=oinstall
[root@ocmserver]
- oraInventory知識拓展：
輕易不要刪除oraInventory目錄，如果在生產環境刪除，則會出現各種錯誤。常見錯誤總結如下：
example1
$opatch lsinventory
Invoking OPatch 10.2.0.4.3
OPatch failed to locate Central Inventory.
Possible causes are:
The Central Inventory is corrupted
The oraInst.loc file specified is not valid.
LsInventorySession failed: OPatch failed to locate Central Inventory.
Possible causes are:
The Central Inventory is corrupted
The oraInst.loc file specified is not valid.
OPatch failed with error code 73
Invoking OPatch 10.2.0.4.3
OPatch failed to locate Central Inventory.
Possible causes are:
The Central Inventory is corrupted
The oraInst.loc file specified is not valid.
LsInventorySession failed: OPatch failed to locate Central Inventory.
Possible causes are:
The Central Inventory is corrupted
The oraInst.loc file specified is not valid.
OPatch failed with error code 73
$opatch lsinventory
Invoking OPatch 10.2.0.4.3
List of Homes on this system:
Inventory load failed... OPatch cannot load inventory for the given Oracle Home.
Possible causes are:
Oracle Home dir. path does not exist in Central Inventory
Oracle Home is a symbolic link
Oracle Home inventory is corrupted
LsInventorySession failed: OracleHomeInventory gets null oracleHomeInfo
OPatch failed with error code 73
Invoking OPatch 10.2.0.4.3
List of Homes on this system:
Inventory load failed... OPatch cannot load inventory for the given Oracle Home.
Possible causes are:
Oracle Home dir. path does not exist in Central Inventory
Oracle Home is a symbolic link
Oracle Home inventory is corrupted
LsInventorySession failed: OracleHomeInventory gets null oracleHomeInfo
OPatch failed with error code 73
$cd $ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin
$./runInstaller -silent -attachHome \
> ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_HOME \
> ORACLE_HOME_NAME="ORACLE_HOME"
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
No pre-requisite checks found in oraparam.ini,
no system pre-requisite checks will be executed.
The inventory pointer is located at /etc/oraInst.loc
The inventory is located at /app/oracle/oraInventory
'AttachHome' was successful.
js_znjh_1./app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/oui/bin$
$./runInstaller -silent -attachHome \
> ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_HOME \
> ORACLE_HOME_NAME="ORACLE_HOME"
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
No pre-requisite checks found in oraparam.ini,
no system pre-requisite checks will be executed.
The inventory pointer is located at /etc/oraInst.loc
The inventory is located at /app/oracle/oraInventory
'AttachHome' was successful.
js_znjh_1./app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/oui/bin$
$cd $ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin
$./attachHome.sh
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
No pre-requisite checks found in oraparam.ini,
no system pre-requisite checks will be executed.
The inventory pointer is located at /etc/oraInst.loc
The inventory is located at /app/oracle/oraInventory
'AttachHome' was successful.
$./attachHome.sh
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
No pre-requisite checks found in oraparam.ini,
no system pre-requisite checks will be executed.
The inventory pointer is located at /etc/oraInst.loc
The inventory is located at /app/oracle/oraInventory
'AttachHome' was successful.
實驗證明
實驗一：修改默認oraInventory目錄爲oraInventory_bak目錄，啓動數據庫，然後運行升級程序。
[oracle@ocmserver]mv oraInventory oraInventory_bak
[oracle@ocmserver]ls
admin bak flash_recovery_area oradata sql
archive_log core oraInventory_bak product sqlnet.log
[oracle@ocmserver]sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Nov 28 22:21:35 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 230686720 bytes
Fixed Size 2019768 bytes
Variable Size 104861256 bytes
Database Buffers 117440512 bytes
Redo Buffers 6365184 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> !
bash-3.2$ cd /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/OPatch
bash-3.2$ ./opatch lsinventory
Invoking OPatch 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle interim Patch Installer version 10.2.0.1.0
Copyright (c) 2005, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved..
Oracle Home : /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0.1
Central Inventory : /opt/oracle/oraInventory
from : /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 10.2.0.1.0
OUI version : 10.2.0.1.0
OUI location : /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/oui
Log file location : /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch-2012_Nov_28_22-26-47-CST_Wed.log
LsInventory Session failed: OPatch failed to locate Central Inventory.
Possible causes are:
The Central Inventory is corrupted
The oraInst.loc file specified is not valid.
OPatch failed with error code 72
bash-3.2$
[oracle@ocmserver]ls
admin bak flash_recovery_area oradata sql
archive_log core oraInventory_bak product sqlnet.log
[oracle@ocmserver]sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Nov 28 22:21:35 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 230686720 bytes
Fixed Size 2019768 bytes
Variable Size 104861256 bytes
Database Buffers 117440512 bytes
Redo Buffers 6365184 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> !
bash-3.2$ cd /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/OPatch
bash-3.2$ ./opatch lsinventory
Invoking OPatch 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle interim Patch Installer version 10.2.0.1.0
Copyright (c) 2005, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved..
Oracle Home : /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0.1
Central Inventory : /opt/oracle/oraInventory
from : /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 10.2.0.1.0
OUI version : 10.2.0.1.0
OUI location : /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/oui
Log file location : /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch-2012_Nov_28_22-26-47-CST_Wed.log
LsInventory Session failed: OPatch failed to locate Central Inventory.
Possible causes are:
The Central Inventory is corrupted
The oraInst.loc file specified is not valid.
OPatch failed with error code 72
bash-3.2$
SQL> !
bash-3.2$ more /var/opt/oracle/oraInst.loc
inventory_loc=/opt/oracle/oraInventory_bak
inst_group=oinstall
bash-3.2$ more /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/oraInst.loc
inventory_loc=/opt/oracle/oraInventory_bak
inst_group=oinstall
bash-3.2$./opatch lsinventory
Invoking OPatch 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle interim Patch Installer version 10.2.0.1.0
Copyright (c) 2005, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved..
Oracle Home : /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0.1
Central Inventory : /opt/oracle/oraInventory_bak
from : /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 10.2.0.1.0
OUI version : 10.2.0.1.0
OUI location : /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/oui
Log file location : /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch-2012_Nov_28_22-36-55-CST_Wed.log
Lsinventory Output file location : /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/lsinv/lsinventory-2012_Nov_28_22-36-55-CST_Wed.txt
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Installed Top-level Products (1):
Oracle Database 10g 10.2.0.1.0
There are 1 products installed in this Oracle Home.
There are no Interim patches installed in this Oracle Home.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
OPatch succeeded.
bash-3.2$
bash-3.2$ more /var/opt/oracle/oraInst.loc
inventory_loc=/opt/oracle/oraInventory_bak
inst_group=oinstall
bash-3.2$ more /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/oraInst.loc
inventory_loc=/opt/oracle/oraInventory_bak
inst_group=oinstall
bash-3.2$./opatch lsinventory
Invoking OPatch 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle interim Patch Installer version 10.2.0.1.0
Copyright (c) 2005, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved..
Oracle Home : /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0.1
Central Inventory : /opt/oracle/oraInventory_bak
from : /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 10.2.0.1.0
OUI version : 10.2.0.1.0
OUI location : /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/oui
Log file location : /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch-2012_Nov_28_22-36-55-CST_Wed.log
Lsinventory Output file location : /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0.1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/lsinv/lsinventory-2012_Nov_28_22-36-55-CST_Wed.txt
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Installed Top-level Products (1):
Oracle Database 10g 10.2.0.1.0
There are 1 products installed in this Oracle Home.
There are no Interim patches installed in this Oracle Home.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
OPatch succeeded.
bash-3.2$
由此可知，$ORACLE_HOME/oraInst.loc文件和/var/opt/oracle/oraInst.loc應該是映射關係，在數據庫啓動的時候修改$ORACLE_HOME目錄下的oraInst.loc，當卸載數據庫的時候（$ORACLE_HOME,$ORACLE_BASE被刪除）可以修改/var/opt/oracle/oraInst.loc文件。
本文出自 “Focus on Oracle” 博客，請務必保留此出處http://alexy.blog.51cto.com/6115453/1073510
