一. 下載MySQL Yum倉庫的RPM安裝包
1. 訪問http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/
選擇對應的RPM包下載，我使用的是CentOS7，所以選擇Linux7的RPM包。若使用命令行方式下載，可在shell下使用wget下載
二. 安裝MySQL RPM安裝包
安裝完成後會將MySQL的Yum倉庫添加到系統的倉庫list中，可以/etc/yum.repos.d目錄下看到新增的兩個文件(mysql-community.repo和mysql-community-source.repo)。
檢查MySQL Yum倉庫是否被添加成功。
三. 安裝MySQL
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum install mysql-community-server Failed to set locale, defaulting to C Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.yun-idc.com * extras: mirrors.zju.edu.cn * updates: mirrors.zju.edu.cn Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.17-1.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 5.7.17-1.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 5.7.9 for package: mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7 will be obsoleted ---> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.17-1.el7 will be obsoleting --> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 5.7.9 for package: mysql-community-client-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64 ---> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.17-1.el7 will be installed --> Running transaction check ---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7 will be obsoleted --> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) for package: perl-DBD-MySQL-4.023-5.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) for package: mysql-connector-odbc-5.2.5-6.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) for package: 1:net-snmp-5.7.2-24.el7_2.1.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) for package: MySQL-python-1.2.5-1.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) for package: perl-DBD-MySQL-4.023-5.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) for package: mysql-connector-odbc-5.2.5-6.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) for package: MySQL-python-1.2.5-1.el7.x86_64 ---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.17-1.el7 will be obsoleting --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:5.7.17-1.el7 will be obsoleting ---> Package mysql-connector-odbc.x86_64 0:5.2.5-6.el7 will be updated ---> Package mysql-connector-odbc.x86_64 0:5.3.7-1.el7 will be an update --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved =========================================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size =========================================================================================================================== Installing: mysql-community-client x86_64 5.7.17-1.el7 mysql57-community 24 M replacing mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7 mysql-community-libs x86_64 5.7.17-1.el7 mysql57-community 2.1 M replacing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7 mysql-community-libs-compat x86_64 5.7.17-1.el7 mysql57-community 2.0 M replacing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7 mysql-community-server x86_64 5.7.17-1.el7 mysql57-community 162 M Installing for dependencies: mysql-community-common x86_64 5.7.17-1.el7 mysql57-community 271 k Updating for dependencies: mysql-connector-odbc x86_64 5.3.7-1.el7 mysql-connectors-community 2.7 M Transaction Summary =========================================================================================================================== Install 4 Packages (+1 Dependent package) Upgrade ( 1 Dependent package) Total download size: 193 M Is this ok [y/d/N]: y Downloading packages: Delta RPMs disabled because /usr/bin/applydeltarpm not installed. warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mysql57-community/packages/mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY Public key for mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed (1/6): mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 271 kB 00:00:02 (2/6): mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.1 MB 00:00:16 (3/6): mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.0 MB 00:00:17 Public key for mysql-connector-odbc-5.3.7-1.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed ] 339 kB/s | 16 MB 00:08:51 ETA (4/6): mysql-connector-odbc-5.3.7-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.7 MB 00:00:20 (5/6): mysql-community-client-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 24 MB 00:03:45 (6/6): mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 162 MB 00:27:18 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 118 kB/s | 193 MB 00:27:55 Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql Importing GPG key 0x5072E1F5: Userid : "MySQL Release Engineering <[email protected]>" Fingerprint: a4a9 4068 76fc bd3c 4567 70c8 8c71 8d3b 5072 e1f5 Package : mysql57-community-release-el7-9.noarch (installed) From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql Is this ok [y/N]: y Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Installing : mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64 1/9 Installing : mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64 2/9 Installing : mysql-community-client-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64 3/9 Installing : mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64 [################################## ] 4/9[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum install mysql-community-server Failed to set locale, defaulting to C Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.yun-idc.com * extras: mirrors.zju.edu.cn Installing : mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64 4/9 Installing : mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64 5/9 Updating : mysql-connector-odbc-5.3.7-1.el7.x86_64 6/9 Success: Usage count is 1 Success: Usage count is 1 Erasing : 1:mariadb-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 7/9 Cleanup : mysql-connector-odbc-5.2.5-6.el7.x86_64 8/9 Erasing : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 9/9 Verifying : mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64 1/9 Verifying : mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64 2/9 Verifying : mysql-connector-odbc-5.3.7-1.el7.x86_64 3/9 Verifying : mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64 4/9 Verifying : mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64 5/9 Verifying : mysql-community-client-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64 6/9 Verifying : 1:mariadb-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 7/9 Verifying : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64 8/9 Verifying : mysql-connector-odbc-5.2.5-6.el7.x86_64 9/9 Installed: mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.17-1.el7 mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.17-1.el7 mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:5.7.17-1.el7 mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.17-1.el7 Dependency Installed: mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.17-1.el7 Dependency Updated: mysql-connector-odbc.x86_64 0:5.3.7-1.el7 Replaced: mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7 mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7 Complete! [root@localhost yum.repos.d]#
安裝完成後，會生成一個臨時的隨機密碼給root賬戶，保存在/var/log/mysqld.log，可以使用命令查看。
四. 啓動MySQL並檢查其運行狀態
五. 完成MySQL安全相關的設置
使用mysql_secure_installation程序執行重要的安全操作，如重設root密碼，移除匿名賬戶等
[root@localhost log]# mysql_secure_installation Securing the MySQL server deployment. Enter password for user root: The existing password for the user account root has expired. Please set a new password. New password: Re-enter new password: The 'validate_password' plugin is installed on the server. The subsequent steps will run with the existing configuration of the plugin. Using existing password for root. Estimated strength of the password: 100 Do you wish to continue with the password provided?(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a production environment. Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y Success. Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network. Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y Success. By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed before moving into a production environment. Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y - Dropping test database... Success. - Removing privileges on test database... Success. Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far will take effect immediately. Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y Success. All done! [root@localhost log]#
