Linux 下安裝Oracle

 

1、  檢查系統環境

 

Cpu：

[root@db_master ~]# grep "modelname" /proc/cpuinfo

model name     :Intel(R) Core(TM) i3 CPU       M 350  @ 2.27GHz

model name     :Intel(R) Core(TM) i3 CPU       M 350  @ 2.27GHz

model name     :Intel(R) Core(TM) i3 CPU       M 350  @ 2.27GHz

model name     :Intel(R) Core(TM) i3 CPU       M 350  @ 2.27GHz

內存：

[root@db_master ~]# grep MemTotal/proc/meminfo

MemTotal:      3264544 kB

[root@db_master ~]# grep SwapTotal/proc/meminfo

SwapTotal:     8289532 kB

內存：

[root@db_master ~]# free -g

            total       used       free    shared    buffers     cached

Mem:             3          0          2          0          0          0

-/+ buffers/cache:          0          3

Swap:            7          0          7

磁盤：

查看機器：

[root@db_master ~]#  uname -a

Linux db_master 2.6.18-194.el5 #1 SMP TueMar 16 21:52:39 EDT 2010 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

[root@db_master ~]# more/etc/redhat-release

Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.5(Tikanga)

 

2、   檢查安裝的rpm包

 

檢查包是否安裝

[root@db_master ~]# rpm -q binutilscompat-libstdc elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c  glibc glibc-devel glibc-headers  ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdclibstdc++-devel  make sysstat unixODBCunixODBC-devel

binutils-2.17.50.0.6-14.el5

package compat-libstdc is not installed

elfutils-libelf-0.137-3.el5

elfutils-libelf-0.137-3.el5

elfutils-libelf-devel-0.137-3.el5

gcc-4.1.2-48.el5

package gcc-c is not installed

glibc-2.5-49

glibc-2.5-49

package glic-devel is not installed

glibc-headers-2.5-49

ksh-20100202-1.el5

libaio-0.3.106-5

libaio-0.3.106-5

package libaio-devel is not installed

libgcc-4.1.2-48.el5

libgcc-4.1.2-48.el5

package libstdc is not installed

libstdc++-devel-4.1.2-48.el5

make-3.81-3.el5

package sysstat is not installed

unixODBC-2.2.11-7.1

unixODBC-2.2.11-7.1

package unixODBC-devel is not installed

安裝未安裝的包：如下安裝方法

插入光盤：mount /dev/cdrom /mnt

cd mnt/Server

[root@db_master Server]# rpm -ivhlibaio-devel-0.3.106-5.i386.rpm

warning: libaio-devel-0.3.106-5.i386.rpm:Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186

Preparing...               ########################################### [100%]

  1:libaio-devel          ########################################### [100%]

[root@db_master Server]# rpm -ivhlibaio-devel-0.3.106-5.x86_64.rpm

warning: libaio-devel-0.3.106-5.x86_64.rpm:Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186

Preparing...               ########################################### [100%]

  1:libaio-devel           ###########################################[100%]

 

3、  系統配置

 

（1）新建用戶和組

groupadd dba

groupadd oinstall

useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

id oracle

uid=500(oracle) gid=501(oinstall)groups=501(oinstall),500(dba)

[root@db_master /]# passwd oracle

Changing password for user oracle.

New UNIX password:

Retype new UNIX password:

passwd: all authentication tokens updatedsuccessfully.

 

（2）創建安裝目錄

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle

chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle

（3）關閉防火牆SELINUX

 

4、  系統內核修改

 

（1）      查看系統內核

[root@db_masterapp]# cat /etc/sysctl.conf 

net.ipv4.ip_forward= 0

net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter= 1

net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route= 0

kernel.sysrq = 0

kernel.core_uses_pid= 1

net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies= 1

kernel.msgmnb =65536

kernel.msgmax =65536

kernel.shmmax =68719476736

kernel.shmall =4294967296

修改或增加如下：

net.ipv4.ip_forward= 0

net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1

net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route= 0

net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter= 1

net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route= 0

kernel.sysrq = 0

kernel.core_uses_pid= 1

net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies= 1

kernel.msgmnb =65536

kernel.msgmax =65536

kernel.shmmax =68719476736

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmni=4096

kernel.sem=25032000 100 128

net.core.rmem_default=262144

net.core.rmem_max=4194304

net.core.wmem_default=262144

net.core.wmem_max=1048576

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=900065500

fs.file-max=6815744

fs.aio-max-nr=1048576

算法：

kernel.shmall =physicalRAM size / pagesize (getconf PAGESIZE) -- If the defaults are greater thenleave it.

kernel.shmall = 內存大小/4k=23G*1024*1024/4k= 6029312

kernel.shmmax =20*1024*1024=20971520 而默認的爲68719476736，那麼使用默認值

使用sysctl –p 驗證配置如果寫錯會報錯如下

正確：

 

5、  設置用戶限制

 

在/etc/security/limits.conf下修改用戶限制

oracle   soft nproc 2047

oracle   hard nproc 16384

oracle   soft nofile 1024

oracle   hard nofile 65536

oracle   soft stack  10240

oracle   hard stack  10240

在login中增加一行如圖最後一句

 

6、  配置系統/etc/profile

增加下面文字：

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then

if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

ulimit -p 16384

ulimit -n 65536

else

ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

fi

fi

 

7、  配置oracle環境變量

切換到oracle主目錄 : vi  .base_profile

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

       . ~/.bashrc

fi

 

# User specific environment and startupprograms

 

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

 

export PATH

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1

ORACLE_SID=slave

 

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

 

export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SIDLD_LIBRARY_PATH DISPLAY

stty erase ^H

alias sqlplus="rlwrap sqlplus"

alias rman="rlwrar"

 

使配置生效：

# Source .base_profile

 

8、  解壓鏡像文件

 

[root@db_master linux]# unziplinux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip

[root@db_master linux]# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

 

9、  安裝rlwrap 用於sqlplus 上下（在可以放在第一步安裝）

 

10、安裝oracle軟件

 

配置xmanager display=筆記本地址：0.0. oraenv