Python錯誤與調試

Python錯誤與調試

錯誤

try-catch語法：

try:
    pass
except SomeError as e:
    pass
except SomeError as e:
    pass
finally:
    pass

logging模塊

日誌級別：CRITICAL > ERROR > WARNING > INFO > DEBUG > NOTSET

import logging

logging.debug('debug')
logging.info('info')
logging.warning('warning')

# 默認打印到標準輸出，日誌級別WARNING

logging.basicConfig

通過該函數配置日誌的輸出格式及方式，日誌可同時輸出到多個位置

import logging

logging.basicConfig(level = logging.ERROR,
    format = '%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s',
    datefmt = '%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S',
    filename = 'amsimple.log',
    filemode = 'a')

console = logging.StreamHandler()
console.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
formatter = logging.Formatter('%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s')
console.setFormatter(formatter)
logging.getLogger('').addHandler(console)

格式說明：

%(levelno)s

%(levelname)s

%(pathname)s

%(filename)s

%(funcName)s

%(lineno)d

%(asctime)s

%(thread)d

%(threadName)s

%(process)d

%(message)s

logging.config

可通過配置文件定義logging行爲，然後在代碼中加載配置以及獲取日誌。

import logging
import logging.config

logging.config.fileConfig('logger.conf')
logger = logging.getLogger('A') # 獲取配置文件中對應的logger A

pdb調試

通過python -m pdb xxx.py可進入pdb調試狀態，或者在代碼中import pdb，通過pdb.set_trace()觸發調試。

常用命令：

break 或 b

continue 或 c

list 或 l

step 或 s

return 或 r

exit 或 q

next 或 n

pp

help

博客原文