Windows通過geth同步以太坊區塊數據

Windows通過geth同步以太坊區塊數據

前言：爲了便於測試，我決定在自己電腦同步eth區塊數據，雖然中途遇到一些問題，但最終還是同步好了。記錄一下，希望能幫到有需要的人~

一 下載geth客戶端

既然是通過geth同步，那麼肯定是需要下載geth客戶端的，同時，geth依賴於go語言環境，所以需要先安裝go語言。

1. 安裝go語言，具體操作我就不說了，和安裝jdk差不多，下載->安裝->配置環境變量；
2. 下載geth，點擊這裏下載geth，但是這個鏈接需要翻牆，不然好慢好慢，甚至打不開。怎麼辦？沒事兒，我爲大家準備好了，點我下載geth，提取碼：qe2y

二 安裝geth開始數據同步

第一步完成之後，安裝到想要安裝的目錄，會生成一個geth.exe程序。請不要直接執行該程序，因爲這樣的話，默認會把區塊數據存放到C盤（系統盤），240G左右，顯然不是我們希望看到的。

此外，就算你直接運行geth.exe程序，幾乎不會同步數據，因爲找不到節點進行數據同步，會一直Looking for peers，但是這個問題在Linux服務器以及mac電腦不會發生，就windows系統會這樣，本人親測，也不知道爲什麼，這是歧視windos系統嗎…

好了，廢話不多說了，那麼我們應該怎麼做呢？

1. 通過cmd進入到geth.exe程序所在目錄，win10的快捷鍵是：按住shift，然後單擊鼠標右鍵，然後點擊在此處打開 Powershell窗口 (S)。如下圖所示：
   
   關於啓動命令，待會兒會做介紹。

2. 通過以上命令啓動的話，可以指定很多信息，但是還是沒有解決我們的找不到節點進行數據同步問題。對於這個問題，我們需要手動添加可用的以太坊節點讓我們的geth程序進行連接。
   
   具體做法是新建一個static-nodes.json文件，並設置爲ANSI格式，文件內容具就是可用的eth節點，這些節點從哪兒找呢？點我即可（我是官方節點），我已經幫大家找好了：
   多說一句題外話，什麼星火節點那些，都是不可用的，坑死人。我這個可用，我是從人家以太坊官網找來的。

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"enode://2eb9336f7a17fd548adf90f2ea332c458aec8cc0926ea2d235d0e35d317847a91339bf5cc8b8c49a0a315cf36dda213518021477d6785ad5d630cdcec2f47c66@3.125.180.123:30303",
"enode://d143269d7c855375ed91698858e90cc44be63ee9118dd5eef0ac90717be8bb002d68cc6f055ac1de925cf4f34a60dd6e8930f3e307c31ca3ef66b8f60b582532@52.14.15.80:30303",
"enode://af89b6770f3d57a9df9c4460746a4beda13ef32ab132686769a207460e4cbd1d27edae3bc1621b53aea92f3ef574a8912ebeb06b65da519479f8630697b3bf5f@111.75.82.242:30303",
"enode://af7229c7415e05a5c2e83f08db6f08603ec3160996e91a68aaab7976a7b7edc60d08780dca3475b110718e982f7d1ad773fdd9632932de1525aaae38cff5f1bc@212.118.48.51:30303",
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"enode://80d47a0b1f9d5c5bdd5e84d46d866d55405a1b5cc2a7619381100e252f7910251546d95c1e4eafd9d2d4374310064dd77c7fb32166e0161fa13fb45807b7a7ab@34.73.250.160:30303",
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"enode://784f2ee35f253013230f6e31caef30b15517ca1ab28cc6e308a79ec38e0323db14824c11635928ace66131640f07cb3070de1c3101abf610aeec1eb201cd8721@34.238.137.253:30303",
"enode://45f41356b06d2ef16dc3ecd52c569c436ad65516d55b8aee3a1750692e638e218b4f68d45c67d6540fdaa8a6970d9e2f8bcd6bbda8dd8d0285733b8aac727871@100.26.199.126:30303",
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"enode://a879791b461fb7e01ce035682521b4f610a1b9ef86dae07a85d9e9ff21eb2dafc712bf99366589ca0971b4bf333d25d72a8df553222d5e87f25057ebf9a1604b@106.37.127.80:30303",
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把以上內容複製到 static-nodes.json 文件，

說了這麼多，static-nodes.json 文件該放在哪裏呢？—> 放在eth區塊數據目錄下，就是上面的啓動命令裏面的--datadir 所設置的目錄，我這裏是 E:\blockchain\eth\ethdata 目錄。

該目錄在geth程序啓動之後，會生成geth和keystore目錄。

三 geth程序啓動命令詳解

//windows下geth啓動命令
./geth.exe --identity "ethnodebyczj" --datadir "E:/blockchain/eth/ethdata" --rpc --rpcapi "admin,web3,eth,personal,miner,net" --rpcaddr 127.0.0.1 --rpcport 8545 --cache=3072 --maxpeers 1000 --maxpendpeers 900
    
 
//參數解析
--identity "ethnodebyczj" 							給節點起名
--datadir "E:/blockchain/eth/ethdata" 				將區塊數據和keystore文件保存在  E:/blockchain/eth/ethdata 目錄下
--rpc 												開啓RPC服務
--rpcapi "admin,web3,eth,personal,miner,net" 		註明要開啓哪些RPC服務
--rpcaddr 0.0.0.0 									指定RPC服務的IP		
--rpcport 8545 										指定RPC服務的端口
--cache=3072 										分配給Geth的內存，理論上越大同步速度越快
--maxpeers 1000										可連接的節點數量
--maxpendpeers 900									同上
--syncmode fast										開啓快速同步模式

再次強調：static-nodes.json 文件需要放在區塊數據存儲目錄下，並且設置爲ANSI格式。

好了，以上就是windows下同步以太坊區塊數據的過程，如果再有遇到什麼問題，歡迎交流。