1.QEvent简介
QEvent是QT的事件机制。QT的事件机制,肯定是借鉴了Windows的消息机制。Windows把所有的鼠标键盘以及内部事件都当作消息,并放进消息处理机制处理。QT本身,是把各个操作系统的API进行调用。Windows的消息机制,是一个非常简单有效的机制,QT作为借鉴,不为过。
QEvent是QT的事件机制的基础;QEvent可以被QOject灵活运动,使事件得到接收和响应。
Qt的主事件循环(QCoreApplication :: exec())从事件队列中获取本机窗口系统事件,将其转换为QEvents,然后将转换后的事件发送给QObject。
通常,事件来自底层窗口系统(spontaneous()返回true),但是也可以使用QCoreApplication :: sendEvent()和QCoreApplication :: postEvent()手动发送事件(spontaneous()返回false)。
QObject通过调用其QObject :: event()函数来接收事件。可以在子类中重新实现该函数,以自定义事件处理并添加其他事件类型。QWidget :: event()是一个著名的例子。默认情况下,事件被调度到事件处理程序,例如QObject :: timerEvent()和QWidget :: mouseMoveEvent()。QObject :: installEventFilter()允许一个对象拦截发往另一个对象的事件。
基本的QEvent仅包含事件类型参数和“ accept”标志。接受标志设置为accept(),并使用ignore()清除。它是默认设置的,但是不要依赖它,因为子类可以选择在其构造函数中清除它。
QEvent的子类包含描述特定事件的其他参数。
2.QEvent分类
QEvent的分类如下:
Constant |
Value |
Description |
QEvent::None |
0 |
Not an event. |
QEvent::ActionAdded |
114 |
A new action has been added (QActionEvent). |
QEvent::ActionChanged |
113 |
An action has been changed (QActionEvent). |
QEvent::ActionRemoved |
115 |
An action has been removed (QActionEvent). |
QEvent::ActivationChange |
99 |
A widget's top-level window activation state has changed. |
QEvent::ApplicationActivate |
121 |
This enum has been deprecated. Use ApplicationStateChange instead. |
QEvent::ApplicationActivated |
ApplicationActivate |
This enum has been deprecated. Use ApplicationStateChange instead. |
QEvent::ApplicationDeactivate |
122 |
This enum has been deprecated. Use ApplicationStateChange instead. |
QEvent::ApplicationFontChange |
36 |
The default application font has changed. |
QEvent::ApplicationLayoutDirectionChange |
37 |
The default application layout direction has changed. |
QEvent::ApplicationPaletteChange |
38 |
The default application palette has changed. |
QEvent::ApplicationStateChange |
214 |
The state of the application has changed. |
QEvent::ApplicationWindowIconChange |
35 |
The application's icon has changed. |
QEvent::ChildAdded |
68 |
An object gets a child (QChildEvent). |
QEvent::ChildPolished |
69 |
A widget child gets polished (QChildEvent). |
QEvent::ChildRemoved |
71 |
An object loses a child (QChildEvent). |
QEvent::Clipboard |
40 |
The clipboard contents have changed. |
QEvent::Close |
19 |
Widget was closed (QCloseEvent). |
QEvent::CloseSoftwareInputPanel |
200 |
A widget wants to close the software input panel (SIP). |
QEvent::ContentsRectChange |
178 |
The margins of the widget's content rect changed. |
QEvent::ContextMenu |
82 |
Context popup menu (QContextMenuEvent). |
QEvent::CursorChange |
183 |
The widget's cursor has changed. |
QEvent::DeferredDelete |
52 |
The object will be deleted after it has cleaned up (QDeferredDeleteEvent) |
QEvent::DragEnter |
60 |
The cursor enters a widget during a drag and drop operation (QDragEnterEvent). |
QEvent::DragLeave |
62 |
The cursor leaves a widget during a drag and drop operation (QDragLeaveEvent). |
QEvent::DragMove |
61 |
A drag and drop operation is in progress (QDragMoveEvent). |
QEvent::Drop |
63 |
A drag and drop operation is completed (QDropEvent). |
QEvent::DynamicPropertyChange |
170 |
A dynamic property was added, changed, or removed from the object. |
QEvent::EnabledChange |
98 |
Widget's enabled state has changed. |
QEvent::Enter |
10 |
Mouse enters widget's boundaries (QEnterEvent). |
QEvent::EnterEditFocus |
150 |
An editor widget gains focus for editing. QT_KEYPAD_NAVIGATION must be defined. |
QEvent::EnterWhatsThisMode |
124 |
Send to toplevel widgets when the application enters "What's This?" mode. |
QEvent::Expose |
206 |
Sent to a window when its on-screen contents are invalidated and need to be flushed from the backing store. |
QEvent::FileOpen |
116 |
File open request (QFileOpenEvent). |
QEvent::FocusIn |
8 |
Widget or Window gains keyboard focus (QFocusEvent). |
QEvent::FocusOut |
9 |
Widget or Window loses keyboard focus (QFocusEvent). |
QEvent::FocusAboutToChange |
23 |
Widget or Window focus is about to change (QFocusEvent) |
QEvent::FontChange |
97 |
Widget's font has changed. |
QEvent::Gesture |
198 |
A gesture was triggered (QGestureEvent). |
QEvent::GestureOverride |
202 |
A gesture override was triggered (QGestureEvent). |
QEvent::GrabKeyboard |
188 |
Item gains keyboard grab (QGraphicsItem only). |
QEvent::GrabMouse |
186 |
Item gains mouse grab (QGraphicsItem only). |
QEvent::GraphicsSceneContextMenu |
159 |
Context popup menu over a graphics scene (QGraphicsSceneContextMenuEvent). |
QEvent::GraphicsSceneDragEnter |
164 |
The cursor enters a graphics scene during a drag and drop operation (QGraphicsSceneDragDropEvent). |
QEvent::GraphicsSceneDragLeave |
166 |
The cursor leaves a graphics scene during a drag and drop operation (QGraphicsSceneDragDropEvent). |
QEvent::GraphicsSceneDragMove |
165 |
A drag and drop operation is in progress over a scene (QGraphicsSceneDragDropEvent). |
QEvent::GraphicsSceneDrop |
167 |
A drag and drop operation is completed over a scene (QGraphicsSceneDragDropEvent). |
QEvent::GraphicsSceneHelp |
163 |
The user requests help for a graphics scene (QHelpEvent). |
QEvent::GraphicsSceneHoverEnter |
160 |
The mouse cursor enters a hover item in a graphics scene (QGraphicsSceneHoverEvent). |
QEvent::GraphicsSceneHoverLeave |
162 |
The mouse cursor leaves a hover item in a graphics scene (QGraphicsSceneHoverEvent). |
QEvent::GraphicsSceneHoverMove |
161 |
The mouse cursor moves inside a hover item in a graphics scene (QGraphicsSceneHoverEvent). |
QEvent::GraphicsSceneMouseDoubleClick |
158 |
Mouse press again (double click) in a graphics scene (QGraphicsSceneMouseEvent). |
QEvent::GraphicsSceneMouseMove |
155 |
Move mouse in a graphics scene (QGraphicsSceneMouseEvent). |
QEvent::GraphicsSceneMousePress |
156 |
Mouse press in a graphics scene (QGraphicsSceneMouseEvent). |
QEvent::GraphicsSceneMouseRelease |
157 |
Mouse release in a graphics scene (QGraphicsSceneMouseEvent). |
QEvent::GraphicsSceneMove |
182 |
Widget was moved (QGraphicsSceneMoveEvent). |
QEvent::GraphicsSceneResize |
181 |
Widget was resized (QGraphicsSceneResizeEvent). |
QEvent::GraphicsSceneWheel |
168 |
Mouse wheel rolled in a graphics scene (QGraphicsSceneWheelEvent). |
QEvent::Hide |
18 |
Widget was hidden (QHideEvent). |
QEvent::HideToParent |
27 |
A child widget has been hidden. |
QEvent::HoverEnter |
127 |
The mouse cursor enters a hover widget (QHoverEvent). |
QEvent::HoverLeave |
128 |
The mouse cursor leaves a hover widget (QHoverEvent). |
QEvent::HoverMove |
129 |
The mouse cursor moves inside a hover widget (QHoverEvent). |
QEvent::IconDrag |
96 |
The main icon of a window has been dragged away (QIconDragEvent). |
QEvent::IconTextChange |
101 |
Widget's icon text has been changed. (Deprecated) |
QEvent::InputMethod |
83 |
An input method is being used (QInputMethodEvent). |
QEvent::InputMethodQuery |
207 |
A input method query event (QInputMethodQueryEvent) |
QEvent::KeyboardLayoutChange |
169 |
The keyboard layout has changed. |
QEvent::KeyPress |
6 |
Key press (QKeyEvent). |
QEvent::KeyRelease |
7 |
Key release (QKeyEvent). |
QEvent::LanguageChange |
89 |
The application translation changed. |
QEvent::LayoutDirectionChange |
90 |
The direction of layouts changed. |
QEvent::LayoutRequest |
76 |
Widget layout needs to be redone. |
QEvent::Leave |
11 |
Mouse leaves widget's boundaries. |
QEvent::LeaveEditFocus |
151 |
An editor widget loses focus for editing. QT_KEYPAD_NAVIGATION must be defined. |
QEvent::LeaveWhatsThisMode |
125 |
Send to toplevel widgets when the application leaves "What's This?" mode. |
QEvent::LocaleChange |
88 |
The system locale has changed. |
QEvent::NonClientAreaMouseButtonDblClick |
176 |
A mouse double click occurred outside the client area (QMouseEvent). |
QEvent::NonClientAreaMouseButtonPress |
174 |
A mouse button press occurred outside the client area (QMouseEvent). |
QEvent::NonClientAreaMouseButtonRelease |
175 |
A mouse button release occurred outside the client area (QMouseEvent). |
QEvent::NonClientAreaMouseMove |
173 |
A mouse move occurred outside the client area (QMouseEvent). |
QEvent::MacSizeChange |
177 |
The user changed his widget sizes (macOS only). |
QEvent::MetaCall |
43 |
An asynchronous method invocation via QMetaObject::invokeMethod(). |
QEvent::ModifiedChange |
102 |
Widgets modification state has been changed. |
QEvent::MouseButtonDblClick |
4 |
Mouse press again (QMouseEvent). |
QEvent::MouseButtonPress |
2 |
Mouse press (QMouseEvent). |
QEvent::MouseButtonRelease |
3 |
Mouse release (QMouseEvent). |
QEvent::MouseMove |
5 |
Mouse move (QMouseEvent). |
QEvent::MouseTrackingChange |
109 |
The mouse tracking state has changed. |
QEvent::Move |
13 |
Widget's position changed (QMoveEvent). |
QEvent::NativeGesture |
197 |
The system has detected a gesture (QNativeGestureEvent). |
QEvent::OrientationChange |
208 |
The screens orientation has changes (QScreenOrientationChangeEvent). |
QEvent::Paint |
12 |
Screen update necessary (QPaintEvent). |
QEvent::PaletteChange |
39 |
Palette of the widget changed. |
QEvent::ParentAboutToChange |
131 |
The widget parent is about to change. |
QEvent::ParentChange |
21 |
The widget parent has changed. |
QEvent::PlatformPanel |
212 |
A platform specific panel has been requested. |
QEvent::PlatformSurface |
217 |
A native platform surface has been created or is about to be destroyed (QPlatformSurfaceEvent). |
QEvent::Polish |
75 |
The widget is polished. |
QEvent::PolishRequest |
74 |
The widget should be polished. |
QEvent::QueryWhatsThis |
123 |
The widget should accept the event if it has "What's This?" help (QHelpEvent). |
QEvent::ReadOnlyChange |
106 |
Widget's read-only state has changed (since Qt 5.4). |
QEvent::RequestSoftwareInputPanel |
199 |
A widget wants to open a software input panel (SIP). |
QEvent::Resize |
14 |
Widget's size changed (QResizeEvent). |
QEvent::ScrollPrepare |
204 |
The object needs to fill in its geometry information (QScrollPrepareEvent). |
QEvent::Scroll |
205 |
The object needs to scroll to the supplied position (QScrollEvent). |
QEvent::Shortcut |
117 |
Key press in child for shortcut key handling (QShortcutEvent). |
QEvent::ShortcutOverride |
51 |
Key press in child, for overriding shortcut key handling (QKeyEvent). When a shortcut is about to trigger, ShortcutOverride is sent to the active window. This allows clients (e.g. widgets) to signal that they will handle the shortcut themselves, by accepting the event. If the shortcut override is accepted, the event is delivered as a normal key press to the focus widget. Otherwise, it triggers the shortcut action, if one exists. |
QEvent::Show |
17 |
Widget was shown on screen (QShowEvent). |
QEvent::ShowToParent |
26 |
A child widget has been shown. |
QEvent::SockAct |
50 |
Socket activated, used to implement QSocketNotifier. |
QEvent::StateMachineSignal |
192 |
A signal delivered to a state machine (QStateMachine::SignalEvent). |
QEvent::StateMachineWrapped |
193 |
The event is a wrapper for, i.e., contains, another event (QStateMachine::WrappedEvent). |
QEvent::StatusTip |
112 |
A status tip is requested (QStatusTipEvent). |
QEvent::StyleChange |
100 |
Widget's style has been changed. |
QEvent::TabletMove |
87 |
Wacom tablet move (QTabletEvent). |
QEvent::TabletPress |
92 |
Wacom tablet press (QTabletEvent). |
QEvent::TabletRelease |
93 |
Wacom tablet release (QTabletEvent). |
QEvent::TabletEnterProximity |
171 |
Wacom tablet enter proximity event (QTabletEvent), sent to QApplication. |
QEvent::TabletLeaveProximity |
172 |
Wacom tablet leave proximity event (QTabletEvent), sent to QApplication. |
QEvent::TabletTrackingChange |
219 |
The Wacom tablet tracking state has changed (since Qt 5.9). |
QEvent::ThreadChange |
22 |
The object is moved to another thread. This is the last event sent to this object in the previous thread. See QObject::moveToThread(). |
QEvent::Timer |
1 |
Regular timer events (QTimerEvent). |
QEvent::ToolBarChange |
120 |
The toolbar button is toggled on macOS. |
QEvent::ToolTip |
110 |
A tooltip was requested (QHelpEvent). |
QEvent::ToolTipChange |
184 |
The widget's tooltip has changed. |
QEvent::TouchBegin |
194 |
Beginning of a sequence of touch-screen or track-pad events (QTouchEvent). |
QEvent::TouchCancel |
209 |
Cancellation of touch-event sequence (QTouchEvent). |
QEvent::TouchEnd |
196 |
End of touch-event sequence (QTouchEvent). |
QEvent::TouchUpdate |
195 |
Touch-screen event (QTouchEvent). |
QEvent::UngrabKeyboard |
189 |
Item loses keyboard grab (QGraphicsItem only). |
QEvent::UngrabMouse |
187 |
Item loses mouse grab (QGraphicsItem, QQuickItem). |
QEvent::UpdateLater |
78 |
The widget should be queued to be repainted at a later time. |
QEvent::UpdateRequest |
77 |
The widget should be repainted. |
QEvent::WhatsThis |
111 |
The widget should reveal "What's This?" help (QHelpEvent). |
QEvent::WhatsThisClicked |
118 |
A link in a widget's "What's This?" help was clicked. |
QEvent::Wheel |
31 |
Mouse wheel rolled (QWheelEvent). |
QEvent::WinEventAct |
132 |
A Windows-specific activation event has occurred. |
QEvent::WindowActivate |
24 |
Window was activated. |
QEvent::WindowBlocked |
103 |
The window is blocked by a modal dialog. |
QEvent::WindowDeactivate |
25 |
Window was deactivated. |
QEvent::WindowIconChange |
34 |
The window's icon has changed. |
QEvent::WindowStateChange |
105 |
The window's state (minimized, maximized or full-screen) has changed (QWindowStateChangeEvent). |
QEvent::WindowTitleChange |
33 |
The window title has changed. |
QEvent::WindowUnblocked |
104 |
The window is unblocked after a modal dialog exited. |
QEvent::WinIdChange |
203 |
The window system identifer for this native widget has changed. |
QEvent::ZOrderChange |
126 |
The widget's z-order has changed. This event is never sent to top level windows. |
3.QEvetnt使用和捕捉
QObject的类(和继承类),可以使用QObject::event(), QObject::installEventFilter(),QCoreApplication::sendEvent(), QCoreApplication::postEvent(), 和 QCoreApplication::processEvents()等机制发送事件和和捕捉事件。
上面2所属事件均可被使用和捕捉。
提供样例如下:
头文件:
#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H
#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QEvent>
namespace Ui
{
class MainWindow;
}
class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
explicit MainWindow(QWidget *parent = 0);
~MainWindow();
virtual bool eventFilter(QObject *object, QEvent *event) override;
private:
Ui::MainWindow *ui;
};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H
源文件:
#include <QDebug>
#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent) :
QMainWindow(parent),
ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
ui->setupUi(this);
installEventFilter(this);
}
MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
delete ui;
}
bool MainWindow::eventFilter(QObject *object, QEvent *event)
{
switch (event->type())
{
case QEvent::KeyPress:
event->ignore();
return true;
default:
qDebug() << event->type();
break;
}
return QObject::eventFilter(object, event);
}
可以打印出相关事件。
发送事件源文件如下:
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_clicked()
{
int key = Qt::Key_Delete;
QKeyEvent EventPress(QEvent::KeyPress, key, Qt::NoModifier);
QApplication::sendEvent(ui->textEdit, &EventPress); //发送键盘按下事件
QKeyEvent EventRelease(QEvent::KeyRelease, key, Qt::NoModifier);
QApplication::sendEvent(ui->textEdit, &EventRelease); //发送键盘松开事件
}
具体代码见GitHub: