之前在e絡盟的意法半導體掏了一個STM32開發板挺好的,卻不想在window下開發,也不想用那麼佔內存的IAR MDK等軟件,所以決定在ubuntu下建立該開發環境,像之前avr linux一樣,找了下資料,國內有人做過,但都沒有很詳盡的教程,所以花了三四天才完成.其實原理很簡單,就是安裝適用與STM32的GCC,以及建立該工程,主要是Makefile加上STM32的官方庫.
個人原創,轉載請註明原文出處:
http://blog.csdn.net/embbnux/article/details/17616809
參考:
How-to manual Installing a toolchain for Cortex-M3/STM32 on Ubuntu by Peter Seng
博文新地址轉爲下面鏈接,有問題到該地址評論哦:
https://www.embbnux.com/2014/02/01/linux_stm32_gcc_makefile/
博主最近在電腦上自建了博客,以後會更多的用那個了,歡迎關注訪問,裏面也有很多有用資源:
環境:
ubuntu 13.10
stm32f103zet6
一 STM 32 GCC 安裝
stm32 屬於arm cortex-m系列thumb指令集,所以給arm用的arm-none-eabi就可以了,首先是下載
下載地址:
https://launchpad.net/gcc-arm-embedded/+download
下載其中的gcc-arm-none-eabi-version-linux.tar.bz2
解壓到你知道的目錄會產生 gcc-arm-none-eabi的文件夾
把該編譯器添加到你的環境中:
sudo gedit ~/.bashrc
在最後一行添加:
export PATH=$PATH:/your_stm_gcc_dir/gcc-arm-none-eabi-4_8-2013q4/bin
因爲我之前有添加過樹莓派的編譯器了,所以實際上是這樣的:
export PATH=$PATH:/your_pi_gcc_dir/tools-master/arm-bcm2708/arm-bcm2708hardfp-linux-gnueabi/bin/:/your_stm_gcc_dir/gcc-arm-none-eabi-4_8-2013q4/bin
兩個編譯器環境中間用冒號隔開;
註銷後測試:
arm-none-eabi-gcc -v
可以查看到該編譯器的版本,就表示可以了.
二 工程環境的建立
mkdir stm_project
cd stm_project
mkdir libs
mkdir src
mkdir inc
下載,安裝官方庫:
stm32的寄存器不像51 avr等單片機,那麼少,自己寫寫庫,背背寄存器就可以了,所以ST公司提供了他們官方的庫,爲了避免重複造輪子,就直接採用他們的庫,庫版本爲STM32_USB-FS-Device_Lib_V4.0.0,這個庫多了usb支持,下載的話到st官網搜索stm32f10x就有了.
下載鏈接:
解壓,把解壓好的文件夾複製到剛纔新建的libs裏面.
在工程根目錄下新建Makefile.common文件,這個爲通用makefile
# include Makefile
#This file is included in the general Makefile, the libs Makefile and the src Makefile
#Different optimize settings for library and source files can be realized by using arguments
#Compiler optimize settings:
# -O0 no optimize, reduce compilation time and make debugging produce the expected results (default).
# -O1 optimize, reduce code size and execution time, without much increase of compilation time.
# -O2 optimize, reduce code execution time compared to ‘O1’, increase of compilation time.
# -O3 optimize, turns on all optimizations, further increase of compilation time.
# -Os optimize for size, enables all ‘-O2’ optimizations that do not typically increase code size and other code size optimizations.
#Recommended optimize settings for release version: -O3
#Recommended optimize settings for debug version: -O0
#Valid parameters :
# OptLIB=0 --> optimize library files using the -O0 setting
# OptLIB=1 --> optimize library files using the -O1 setting
# OptLIB=2 --> optimize library files using the -O2 setting
# OptLIB=3 --> optimize library files using the -O3 setting
# OptLIB=s --> optimize library files using the -Os setting
# OptSRC=0 --> optimize source files using the -O0 setting
# OptSRC=1 --> optimize source files using the -O1 setting
# OptSRC=2 --> optimize source files using the -O2 setting
# OptSRC=3 --> optimize source files using the -O3 setting
# OptSRC=s --> optimize source files using the -Os setting
# all --> build all
# libs --> build libs only
# src --> build src only
# clean --> clean project
# tshow --> show optimize settings
#Example:
# make OptLIB=3 OptSRC=0 all tshow
TOP=$(shell readlink -f "$(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))")
PROGRAM=main
LIBDIR=$(TOP)/libs
#Adust the following line to the library in use
#=========add by embbnux 根據你的庫不同,調整這個地方的庫目錄地址====================#
STMLIB=$(LIBDIR)/STM32_USB-FS-Device_Lib_V4.0.0/Libraries
#=========add by embbnux 根據你的stm32芯片型號容量不同,修改這個地方的TypeOfMCU=======#
#Adjust TypeOfMCU in use, see CMSIS file "stm32f10x.h"#STM32F103RBT (128KB FLASH, 20KB RAM) --> STM32F10X_MD#TypeOfMCU=STM32F10X_MD#STM32F103RET (512KB FLASH, 64KB RAM) --> STM32F10X_HD#STM32F103ZET (512KB FLASH, 64KB RAM) --> STM32F10X_HD
#============================================================================#
TypeOfMCU=STM32F10X_HD
#============================================================================#
TC=arm-none-eabi
CC=$(TC)-gcc
LD=$(TC)-ld -v
OBJCOPY=$(TC)-objcopy
AR=$(TC)-ar
GDB=$(TC)-gdb
INCLUDE=-I$(TOP)/inc
INCLUDE+=-I$(STMLIB)/CMSIS/Include
INCLUDE+=-I$(STMLIB)/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F10x/Include
INCLUDE+=-I$(STMLIB)/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F10x/Source/Templates
INCLUDE+=-I$(STMLIB)/STM32F10x_StdPeriph_Driver/inc
INCLUDE+=-I$(STMLIB)/STM32_USB-FS-Device_Driver/inc
COMMONFLAGS=-g -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb
COMMONFLAGSlib=$(COMMONFLAGS)
#Commands for general Makefile and src Makefile
ifeq ($(OptSRC),0)
COMMONFLAGS+=-O0
InfoTextSrc=src (no optimize, -O0)
else ifeq ($(OptSRC),1)
COMMONFLAGS+=-O1
InfoTextSrc=src (optimize time+ size+, -O1)
else ifeq ($(OptSRC),2)
COMMONFLAGS+=-O2
InfoTextSrc=src (optimize time++ size+, -O2)
else ifeq ($(OptSRC),s)
COMMONFLAGS+=-Os
InfoTextSrc=src (optimize size++, -Os)
else
COMMONFLAGS+=-O3
InfoTextSrc=src (full optimize, -O3)
endif
CFLAGS+=$(COMMONFLAGS) -Wall -Werror $(INCLUDE)
CFLAGS+=-D $(TypeOfMCU)
CFLAGS+=-D VECT_TAB_FLASH
#Commands for libs Makefile
ifeq ($(OptLIB),0)
COMMONFLAGSlib+=-O0
InfoTextLib=libs (no optimize, -O0)
else ifeq ($(OptLIB),1)
COMMONFLAGSlib+=-O1
InfoTextLib=libs (optimize time+ size+, -O1)
else ifeq ($(OptLIB),2)
COMMONFLAGSlib+=-O2
InfoTextLib=libs (optimize time++ size+, -O2)
else ifeq ($(OptLIB),s)
COMMONFLAGSlib+=-Os
InfoTextLib=libs (optimize size++, -Os)
else
COMMONFLAGSlib+=-O3
InfoTextLib=libs (full optimize, -O3)
endif
CFLAGSlib+=$(COMMONFLAGSlib) -Wall -Werror $(INCLUDE)
CFLAGSlib+=-D $(TypeOfMCU)
CFLAGSlib+=-D VECT_TAB_FLASH
編譯庫文件:
進入libs文件夾,新建Makefile:
# libs Makefile
include ../Makefile.common
LIBS+=libstm32.a
CFLAGSlib+=-c
all: libs
libs: $(LIBS)
libstm32.a:
@echo -n "Building $@ ..."
@cd $(STMLIB)/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F10x/Source/Templates && \
$(CC) $(CFLAGSlib) \
system_stm32f10x.c
@cd $(STMLIB)/STM32F10x_StdPeriph_Driver/src && \
$(CC) $(CFLAGSlib) \
-D"assert_param(expr)=((void)0)" \
-I../../CMSIS/Include \
-I../../CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F10x/Include \
-I../inc \
*.c
# @cd $(STMLIB)/STM32_USB-FS-Device_Driver/src && \
# $(CC) $(CFLAGSlib) \
# -D"assert_param(expr)=((void)0)" \
# -I../../CMSIS/Include \
# -I../../CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F10x/Include \
# -I../inc \
# *.c
@$(AR) cr $(LIBDIR)/$@ \
$(STMLIB)/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F10x/Source/Templates/system_stm32f10x.o \
$(STMLIB)/STM32F10x_StdPeriph_Driver/src/*.o \
# $(STMLIB)/STM32_USB-FS-Device_Driver/src/*.o
@echo "done."
.PHONY: libs clean tshow
clean:
rm -f $(STMLIB)/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F10x/Source/Templates/system_stm32f10x.o
rm -f $(STMLIB)/STM32F10x_StdPeriph_Driver/src/*.o
rm -f $(STMLIB)/STM32_USB-FS-Device_Driver/src/*.o
rm -f $(LIBS)
tshow:
@echo "######################################################################################################"
@echo "################# optimize settings: $(InfoTextLib), $(InfoTextSrc)"
@echo "######################################################################################################"
編譯該庫:
make clean
make
就會在lib目錄下生成libstm32.a,這個就是編譯好的靜態庫了.
建立工程編譯ld文件
這個ld文件,爲在編譯時告訴編譯器把代碼放到什麼地址,根據芯片的內存以及flash容量不同有所調整
在工程根目錄下新建linker.ld文件
代碼較長,請到我的資源裏面下載,或者查看參考pdf裏面的:
http://download.csdn.net/detail/canyue102/6778837
這裏說明需要修改的地方,根據芯片型號不同,選擇相應的RAM FLASH大小
MEMORY {
/*Adust LENGTH to RAMsize of target MCU:*/
/*STM32F103RBT --> 20K*/
/*RAM (RWX) : ORIGIN = 0x20000000 , LENGTH = 20K*/
/*STM32F103RET --> 64K*/
/*STM32F103ZET --> 64K*/
RAM (RWX) : ORIGIN = 0x20000000 , LENGTH = 64K
EXTSRAM (RWX) : ORIGIN = 0x68000000 , LENGTH = 0
/*Adust LENGTH to (FLASHsize - FeePROMsize) of target MCU:*/
/*STM32F103RBT --> 126K*/
FLASH (RX) : ORIGIN = 0x08000000 , LENGTH = 126K
/*STM32F103RET --> 508K*/
/*FLASH (RX) : ORIGIN = 0x08000000 , LENGTH = 508K*/
/*STM32F103ZET --> 508K*/
FLASH (RX) : ORIGIN = 0x08000000 , LENGTH = 508K
/*Adust ORIGIN to (0x08000000 + (FLASHsize-FeePROMsize)) of target MCU*/
/*and adust LENGTH to FeePROMsize allocated:*/
/*STM32F103RBT --> 0x08000000+126K, 2K*/
EEMUL (RWX) : ORIGIN = 0x08000000+126K, LENGTH = 2K
/*STM32F103RET --> 0x08000000+508K, 4K*/
/*EEMUL (RWX) : ORIGIN = 0x08000000+508K, LENGTH = 4K*/
}
在工程根目錄下新建Makefile文件:
# general Makefile
include Makefile.common
LDFLAGS=$(COMMONFLAGS) -fno-exceptions -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -L$(LIBDIR) -nostartfiles -Wl,--gc-sections,-Tlinker.ld
LDLIBS+=-lm
LDLIBS+=-lstm32
STARTUP=startup.c
all: libs src
$(CC) -o $(PROGRAM).elf $(LDFLAGS) \
-Wl,--whole-archive \
src/app.a \
-Wl,--no-whole-archive \
$(LDLIBS)
$(OBJCOPY) -O ihex $(PROGRAM).elf $(PROGRAM).hex
$(OBJCOPY) -O binary $(PROGRAM).elf $(PROGRAM).bin
#Extract info contained in ELF to readable text-files:
arm-none-eabi-readelf -a $(PROGRAM).elf > $(PROGRAM).info_elf
arm-none-eabi-size -d -B -t $(PROGRAM).elf > $(PROGRAM).info_size
arm-none-eabi-objdump -S $(PROGRAM).elf > $(PROGRAM).info_code
arm-none-eabi-nm -t d -S --size-sort -s $(PROGRAM).elf > $(PROGRAM).info_symbol
.PHONY: libs src clean tshow
libs:
$(MAKE) -C libs $@
src:
$(MAKE) -C src $@
clean:
$(MAKE) -C src $@
$(MAKE) -C libs $@
rm -f $(PROGRAM).elf $(PROGRAM).hex $(PROGRAM).bin $(PROGRAM).info_elf $(PROGRAM).info_size
rm -f $(PROGRAM).info_code
rm -f $(PROGRAM).info_symbol
tshow:
@echo "######################################################################################################"
@echo "################# optimize settings: $(InfoTextLib), $(InfoTextSrc)"
@echo "######################################################################################################"
差不多就好了,在src裏面添加測試源碼
主要是startup.c 以及main.c,這裏就不在說明了,可以查看該pdf或者到我的資源下載
http://download.csdn.net/detail/canyue102/6778885
然後進入工程主目錄,下make就好了.
make clean
make OptLIB=0 OptSRC=0 all tshow
然後,就完成了,關於ubuntu下燒錄程序到stm32下,請見下一篇博客