It做形式主語和賓語

主謂賓,主賓能被名詞性的sth,替換,如動名詞,不定式,從句等等
而且,不能出現前面或者中間,很長,一大推的在開頭或者中間,就產生了it做形式主賓。

一、It用作形式主語當不定式(短語)、動名詞(短語)或從句在某個句子中作主語時,爲保持句子結構前後平衡,避免頭重腳輕,因此常用it作形式主語置於句首,而將真正的主語放在句尾。

It was really surprising that she married a man like that
she married a man like that (主)was really surprising(賓)

It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film yesterday
that you didn’t go to see the film yesterday is a pity

主語太長了,要放在後面,統統長的大的放後面去。只能頭輕屁股重。
做主語的只能有,名詞,代詞。想其他形式的名詞,不定式,動名詞,從句,都要放到後面,用it做形式主語。似乎動名詞不常用。最終都爲了,讓句子看着平衡。

二、當不定式(短語)、動名詞(短語)或從句在某個句子中作賓語時,爲保持句子結構平衡,避免句式結構的混亂,常用it作形式賓語,而將真正的賓語放在句尾。此時it仍只起先行引導作用,本身無詞義。

當謂語動詞爲think,make,find,consider,feel,hear等,後接複合賓語[賓語+賓語補足語]時,常用“主語+謂語動詞(think等)+it+賓語補足語+不定式結構/V-ing分詞/that從句”。如:

We think it our duty to study and work hard for our great motherland.我們認爲爲祖國努力學習和工作是我們的職責。

We thought it no good telling him about that.
我們認爲告訴他那件事是沒有益處的。
We found it useless trying to persuade him to go with us.我們發現試圖說服他和我們一起去是沒用的。
We think it highly probable that he will come tomorrow.我們認爲他明天來是非常可能的。

They found it pleasant that they worked with us Chinese.

don’t feel it difficult to understand the Special English.

其實就是複合賓語,在it和形容詞間加be動詞,是,這是難的,這是愉快的,

某些表示"喜、怒、哀、樂的動詞,如 like,enjoy,love,hate,往往不能直接接賓語從句;

“動詞+介詞”所構成的固定詞組如果跟賓語從句必須先跟it形式賓語,i須置於動詞和介詞之間,此類詞組常見的有:leave it to(由…決定/判斷),owe it to somebody(歸功於/多虧),take it for granted(想當然/認爲…是真的),have/bear/keep it in mind(i住)。如:

I will leave it to your own judgment whether you should do it.我將由你判斷是否應做那件事。
We owed it to you that there was not a serious accident.我們多虧了你纔沒有出嚴重的事故。
We must have/bear/keep it in mind that nothing is too difficult if we put our heart into it.我們必須記住:世上無難事,只怕有心人。
Once people took it for granted that the earth was flat.以前人們想當然地認爲地球是平的。

由於that從句一般不能直作做介詞的賓語,所以介詞後若接that引導的賓語從句,則須先接一個形式賓語i而後才接真正的賓語。如:

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