matplotlib繪製多圖

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib as mpl

mpl.rcParams['axes.titlesize'] = 10  # 子圖的標題大小
mpl.rcParams['axes.labelsize'] = 10  # 子圖的標籤大小
mpl.rcParams['xtick.labelsize'] = 8  # 橫軸字體大小
mpl.rcParams['ytick.labelsize'] = 8  # 縱軸字體大小
mpl.rcParams['xtick.major.size'] = 0  # x軸最大刻度大小
mpl.rcParams['ytick.major.size'] = 0  # y軸最大刻度大小

fig = plt.figure('Bar chart & Pie chart')  # 整體圖的標題
speed_map = {
    'dog': (48, '#7199cf'),
    'cat': (45, '#4fc4aa'),
    'cheetah': (120, '#e1a7a2')
}

# ①在121位置上添加柱圖，通過fig.add_subplot()加入子圖
ax = fig.add_subplot(121)
ax.set_title('Running speed - bar chart')  # 子圖標題
xticks = np.arange(3)  # 生成x軸每個元素的位置
speeds = [x[0] for x in speed_map.values()]  # 奔跑速度
bar_width = 0.5  # 定義柱狀圖每個柱的寬度

# 設置x、y軸的範圍
ax.set_xlim([bar_width / 2 - 1, 3 - bar_width / 2])
ax.set_ylim([0, 125])
# 設置x軸標籤
animals = speed_map.keys()
ax.set_xticklabels(animals)
ax.set_xticks(xticks)  # 設置x軸上每個標籤的具體位置
# 設置y軸的標籤
ax.set_ylabel('Speed(km/h)')

bars = ax.bar(xticks, speeds, width=bar_width, edgecolor='none')  # 設置柱的邊緣爲透明
colors = [x[1] for x in speed_map.values()]  # 對應顏色
for bar, color in zip(bars, colors):  # 給每個bar分配指定的顏色
    bar.set_color(color)

# ②在122位置加入餅圖
ax = fig.add_subplot(122)
ax.set_title('Running speed - pie chart')
# 生成同時包含名稱和速度的標籤
labels = ['{}\n{} km/h'.format(animal, speed) for animal, speed in zip(animals, speeds)]
# 畫餅狀圖，並指定標籤和對應顏色
ax.pie(speeds, labels=labels, colors=colors)
ax.axis('equal')  # 保證餅圖不變形

plt.savefig('Bar chart & Pie chart.png')  # 保存爲圖片
plt.show()