matplotlib绘制多图

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib as mpl

mpl.rcParams['axes.titlesize'] = 10  # 子图的标题大小
mpl.rcParams['axes.labelsize'] = 10  # 子图的标签大小
mpl.rcParams['xtick.labelsize'] = 8  # 横轴字体大小
mpl.rcParams['ytick.labelsize'] = 8  # 纵轴字体大小
mpl.rcParams['xtick.major.size'] = 0  # x轴最大刻度大小
mpl.rcParams['ytick.major.size'] = 0  # y轴最大刻度大小

fig = plt.figure('Bar chart & Pie chart')  # 整体图的标题
speed_map = {
    'dog': (48, '#7199cf'),
    'cat': (45, '#4fc4aa'),
    'cheetah': (120, '#e1a7a2')
}

# ①在121位置上添加柱图，通过fig.add_subplot()加入子图
ax = fig.add_subplot(121)
ax.set_title('Running speed - bar chart')  # 子图标题
xticks = np.arange(3)  # 生成x轴每个元素的位置
speeds = [x[0] for x in speed_map.values()]  # 奔跑速度
bar_width = 0.5  # 定义柱状图每个柱的宽度

# 设置x、y轴的范围
ax.set_xlim([bar_width / 2 - 1, 3 - bar_width / 2])
ax.set_ylim([0, 125])
# 设置x轴标签
animals = speed_map.keys()
ax.set_xticklabels(animals)
ax.set_xticks(xticks)  # 设置x轴上每个标签的具体位置
# 设置y轴的标签
ax.set_ylabel('Speed(km/h)')

bars = ax.bar(xticks, speeds, width=bar_width, edgecolor='none')  # 设置柱的边缘为透明
colors = [x[1] for x in speed_map.values()]  # 对应颜色
for bar, color in zip(bars, colors):  # 给每个bar分配指定的颜色
    bar.set_color(color)

# ②在122位置加入饼图
ax = fig.add_subplot(122)
ax.set_title('Running speed - pie chart')
# 生成同时包含名称和速度的标签
labels = ['{}\n{} km/h'.format(animal, speed) for animal, speed in zip(animals, speeds)]
# 画饼状图，并指定标签和对应颜色
ax.pie(speeds, labels=labels, colors=colors)
ax.axis('equal')  # 保证饼图不变形

plt.savefig('Bar chart & Pie chart.png')  # 保存为图片
plt.show()