江濤帶你玩0.96-OLED之實戰stm32的RTC時鐘（上）
上一篇中已經講了如何驅動OLED和自定義顯示，下面接上一篇繼續，使用STM32自帶的RTC實現時鐘顯示。
目錄
8.RTC時鐘
RTC的配置我截圖如下
主要注意RTC的初始化配置，我這裏用到了定時器4，這是爲何呢？一會兒大家看演示效果就知道了，先上代碼main.c
/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
******************************************************************************
* @file : main.c
* @brief : Main program body
******************************************************************************
* @attention
*
* <h2><center>© Copyright (c) 2020 STMicroelectronics.
* All rights reserved.</center></h2>
*
* This software component is licensed by ST under BSD 3-Clause license,
* the "License"; You may not use this file except in compliance with the
* License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
* opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
*
******************************************************************************
*/
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "rtc.h"
#include "tim.h"
#include "gpio.h"
/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "oled.h"
#include "stdbool.h"
/* USER CODE END Includes */
/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
/* USER CODE END PTD */
/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END PD */
/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */
RTC_DateTypeDef sDate ;
RTC_TimeTypeDef sTime ;
bool flag = true;
uint8_t second_count = 0;
char *week[7] = {"SUN","MON","TUE","WEN","THU","FRI","SAT"};
/* USER CODE END PM */
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
/* USER CODE END PV */
/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */
void Time_Display(void);
/* USER CODE END PFP */
/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
void Time_Display(void)
{
char date_str[10];
HAL_RTC_GetTime(&hrtc,&sTime,RTC_FORMAT_BIN);
HAL_RTC_GetDate(&hrtc,&sDate,RTC_FORMAT_BIN);
// 最後一頁顯示日期和星期
date_str[0]= '2';
date_str[1]= '0';
date_str[2]= sDate.Year/10+'0';
date_str[3]= sDate.Year%10+'0';
date_str[4]= '-';
date_str[5]= sDate.Month/10+'0';
date_str[6]= sDate.Month%10+'0';
date_str[7]= '-';
date_str[8]= sDate.Date/10+'0';
date_str[9]= sDate.Date%10+'0';
OLED_Show_String(0,7,date_str,SMALL);
OLED_Show_String(100,7,week[sDate.WeekDay%7],SMALL);
// 顯示時間
OLED_Show_Num(14,2,sTime.Hours/10,BIG_NUM);
OLED_Show_Num(34,2,sTime.Hours%10,BIG_NUM);
OLED_Show_Num(74,2,sTime.Minutes/10,BIG_NUM);
OLED_Show_Num(94,2,sTime.Minutes%10,BIG_NUM);
}
/* USER CODE END 0 */
/**
* @brief The application entry point.
* @retval int
*/
int main(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
/* USER CODE END 1 */
/* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
HAL_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN Init */
/* USER CODE END Init */
/* Configure the system clock */
SystemClock_Config();
/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */
/* USER CODE END SysInit */
/* Initialize all configured peripherals */
MX_GPIO_Init();
MX_RTC_Init();
MX_TIM4_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
HAL_TIM_Base_Start_IT(&htim4);
OLED_Init();
OLED_Show_Icon(0,0,1);
OLED_Show_Icon(96,0,2);
OLED_Show_Icon(112,0,0);
Time_Display();
/* USER CODE END 2 */
/* Infinite loop */
/* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
while (1)
{
/* USER CODE END WHILE */
/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
}
/* USER CODE END 3 */
}
/**
* @brief System Clock Configuration
* @retval None
*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};
RCC_PeriphCLKInitTypeDef PeriphClkInit = {0};
/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB busses clocks
*/
RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI|RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_LSI;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSICalibrationValue = RCC_HSICALIBRATION_DEFAULT;
RCC_OscInitStruct.LSIState = RCC_LSI_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSI_DIV2;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL = RCC_PLL_MUL8;
if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB busses clocks
*/
RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_1) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
PeriphClkInit.PeriphClockSelection = RCC_PERIPHCLK_RTC;
PeriphClkInit.RTCClockSelection = RCC_RTCCLKSOURCE_LSI;
if (HAL_RCCEx_PeriphCLKConfig(&PeriphClkInit) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
}
/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
void HAL_TIM_PeriodElapsedCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)
{
if(TIM4 == htim->Instance) {
// 500ms
flag = !flag ;
//
flag ? OLED_Show_Num(54,2,10,BIG_NUM):OLED_Show_Num(54,2,11,BIG_NUM);;
second_count ++;
// one second display the time
if(second_count==2) {
second_count = 0;
Time_Display();
}
}
}
/* USER CODE END 4 */
/**
* @brief This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
* @retval None
*/
void Error_Handler(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}
#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
* @brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
* where the assert_param error has occurred.
* @param file: pointer to the source file name
* @param line: assert_param error line source number
* @retval None
*/
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
tex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
/* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */
/************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/
9.演示效果
看下演示效果
給大家講講爲何要用定時器，定時器就是實現了中間分割冒號的閃爍。
這裏定時器每隔500ms中斷一次，中斷後將中間冒號顯示部分清空或者顯示，這裏我取模的時候生成了 “：” 和“ ”（空）兩個字模，每隔500ms讓這兩個交替顯示就達到了閃爍的效果了。
另外閃爍兩次表示1s的時間到了，然後調用顯示時間的函數，刷新顯示，當有59秒到60秒變化的時候，分鐘加1
看下中斷函數的處理如下
/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
void HAL_TIM_PeriodElapsedCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)
{
if(TIM4 == htim->Instance) {
// 500ms
flag = !flag ;
//
flag ? OLED_Show_Num(54,2,10,BIG_NUM):OLED_Show_Num(54,2,11,BIG_NUM);;
second_count ++;
// one second display the time
if(second_count==2) {
second_count = 0;
Time_Display();
}
}
}
/* USER CODE END 4 */
10.參考文獻
完整代碼資料在QQ羣，有需要的可以加羣索取， QQ羣：1087285029
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