企業中臺化落地：從戰略分析到戰術實踐及架構演進過程

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業務願景分析"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"增加企業經營效益：通過錢包預付款功能，增加資金沉澱，增強資金利用效率，同時降低顧客的促銷成本"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"增強顧客粘性：增加顧客復購機會，增強顧客用戶體驗"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2. 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}\n}"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"根據設計方案將所有錢包賬戶操作都定義爲行爲，此處實現的是具體的賬戶操作邏輯，實現類繼承至抽象類進行簡單的封閉。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"getInOutFlag()"}]},{"type":"text","text":"是對行爲產生的資金進出結果的配置"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"（3）CheckPolicy 交易規則接口"}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":"java"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"public interface CheckPolicy {\n void check();\n}\n\npublic class NoOverdraftAllowed implements CheckPolicy {\n private final Wallet wallet;\n private final BigDecimal tradeAmount;\n\n public NoOverdraftAllowed(Wallet wallet, BigDecimal tradeAmount) {\n this.wallet = wallet;\n this.tradeAmount = tradeAmount;\n }\n\n @Override\n public void check() {\n if (wallet.getBalance().compareTo(tradeAmount) < 0){\n throw new BizException(\"餘額不足\");\n }\n }\n}"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"實現類用於判斷相關操作是否存在餘額不足（透支）情況，如果有則中止執行"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"3. 設計模式的運用"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"（1） 模板模式"}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":"java"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"public abstract class DefaultService implements WalletService {\n\n protected abstract static class TradeConfig {\n public abstract TradeType tradeType();\n public abstract Behavior behavior();\n public abstract List checkPolicies();\n }\n\n protected abstract TradeConfig tradeConfig();\n\n @Override\n public void done() {\n check();\n tradeConfig().behavior().doAction();\n tradeRecord.setBalance(tradeRecord.getWallet().getBalance());\n tradeRecord.setTradeStatus(TradeStatus.SUCCEED);\n }\n}\n\npublic class LockService extends DefaultService {\n\n public LockService(Wallet wallet) {\n super(TradeRecord.builder().wallet(wallet).build());\n }\n\n @Override\n protected TradeConfig tradeConfig() {\n return new TradeConfig() {\n @Override\n public TradeType tradeType() {\n return TradeType.LOCK;\n }\n\n @Override\n public Behavior behavior() {\n return new LockBehavior(getWallet());\n }\n\n @Override\n public List checkPolicies() {\n return CheckPolicyBuilder.builder()\n .add(new NoAvailableStatusAllowed(getWallet()))\n .build();\n }\n };\n }\n}\n"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在主交易流程中，將共有的流程放在"},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"done()"}]},{"type":"text","text":"中執行，將可變的部分抽象成配置模板供現實類現實"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"模板模式的優點："}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"- 擴展性好，對不變的代碼進行封裝，對可變的進行擴展；"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"- 可維護性好，因爲將公共代碼進行了提取，使用的時候直接調用即可；"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"- 現實類在有限的空間擴展，不影響主流程的實現；"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"（2） 策略模式"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":"java"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"public class RechargeRollbackService extends DefaultService {\n private final TradeRecord sourceTrade;\n\n public RechargeRollbackService(TradeRecord sourceTrade) {\n // ...\n }\n\n @Override\n protected DefaultService.TradeConfig tradeConfig() {\n return new TradeConfig() {\n @Override\n public TradeType tradeType() {\n return TradeType.RECHARGE_ROLLBACK;\n }\n\n @Override\n public Behavior behavior() {\n return new DebitBehavior(getWallet(), getTradeAmount());\n }\n\n @Override\n public List checkPolicies() {\n return CheckPolicyBuilder.builder()\n .add(new NoRechargeTypeAllowed(sourceTrade))\n .add(new NoTimeoutAllowed(sourceTrade))\n .add(new NoOverdraftAllowed(getWallet(), getTradeAmount()))\n .add(new NoAvailableStatusAllowed(getWallet()))\n .build();\n }\n };\n }\n}\n"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在交易行爲和交易規則的設計中使用了策略模式，可根據不同業務操作設計不同的策略"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"策略模式的優點"}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"- 擴展性好，可以在不修改對象結構的情況下，爲新的算法進行添加新的類進行實現；"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"- 靈活性好，可以對算法進行自由切換；"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"- 結構清晰，代碼可讀性高；"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"（3） 組合模式"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":"java"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"public abstract class DefaultTowPCService extends DefaultService implements TwoPCWalletService {\n\n public DefaultTowPCService(TradeRecord tradeRecord) {\n super(tradeRecord);\n }\n\n @Override\n public void process() {\n check();\n getTradeRecord().setTradeStatus(TradeStatus.PROCESSING);\n }\n}\n\npublic class RechargeService extends DefaultTowPCService {\n public RechargeService(Wallet wallet, BigDecimal tradeAmount){\n super(TradeRecord.builder().wallet(wallet).tradeAmount(tradeAmount).build());\n }\n}"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"TwoPCWalletService"},{"type":"text","text":"，*"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"italic"}],"text":"DefaultTowPCService"},{"type":"text","text":"* 用於在原有接口基礎上擴展的二階段提交功能，此處爲了保持"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"DefaultService"},{"type":"text","text":"功能的單一性，並沒有在原有類上進行功能擴展，而是使用"},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"組合模式"}]},{"type":"text","text":"進行功能擴展"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"此現實類就現實了"},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"WalletService"}]},{"type":"text","text":"和"},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"TwoPCWalletService"}]},{"type":"text","text":"兩個接口"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"策略模式的優點"}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"- 擴展性好，可以在不修改對象結構的情況下，爲新的功能增加新的現實；"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"- 變動性小，不需要現實的類，不修改代碼"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"四、 系統架構演進"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1. 結構說明"}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/5b/5b19caeebce91980295693a111c157fc.png","alt":"程序層次結構圖","title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"wallet-common"},{"type":"text","text":"爲內部各層的共用實體對象"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"wallet-domain"},{"type":"text","text":"爲抽象的業務基礎邏輯與規則，一般不具體直接業務場景支持。需要與"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"wallet-service"},{"type":"text","text":"結合實現完成的業務邏輯。在團隊開發層面，這一個層次的獨立可以有效控制基礎規則的代碼穩定性"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"wallet-repository"},{"type":"text","text":"專注數據對象的持久化，與業務邏輯進行隔離"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"wallet-service"},{"type":"text","text":"爲符合業務場景的業務功能實現，主要依靠"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"wallet-domain"},{"type":"text","text":"與*"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"italic"}],"text":"wallet-repository"},{"type":"text","text":"*的相互組合來完成"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"wallet-client"},{"type":"text","text":"用於對外的前端接口層"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"wallet-provider"},{"type":"text","text":"用於對內部微服務的接口層"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2. 第一階段 單一結構模式"}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/dd/ddf66a97761a7e4211df09f1cd964b96.png","alt":"單一運行結構圖","title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"這一階段，業務模式單一，業務功能單一，業務量較少，開發人員也較少，將所有模塊打包運行在一個jvm中"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"3. 第二階段 多業務結構模式"}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/7f/7f497fddf1ea5917679f02a51d6b5ff8.png","alt":"多業務運行結構圖","title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"這一階段，隨着業務模式和業務量的增加，模式間的業務功能也不相同或有互斥性，單一結構已不能滿足，故將基礎模塊封閉爲"},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"SDK"}]},{"type":"text","text":"，每種業務模式單獨一套系統獨立維護"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"4. 第三階段 業務中臺化"}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/7b/7b1601f909c49f3e822e1d0fc1860c2c.png","alt":"業務中臺結構圖","title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"隨着業務模式、業務量、業務功能需求持續增加。由於各業務線獨立運營，導致SDK版本不一致，增加了維護成本。多團隊維護架構導致功能重複且實現過程參差不齊，帶來一定維護成本且系統間無法實現複用，同時每條業務線獨立運營也帶來用人成本的增加。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"這一階段的目標是將大部分的共用功能下沉形成標準化邏輯，統一維護版本，減少人力成本，故架構演進採用中臺化的思想"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"業務能力("},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"wallet-domain"},{"type":"text","text":")：將業務高度抽象形成一個一個基礎能力"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"業務域("},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"wallet-service"},{"type":"text","text":")：將業務能力根據業務場景進行組合編排形成功能域"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"持久層("},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"wallet-repository"},{"type":"text","text":")：根據不同的情況，將數據持久化到中臺或前臺"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"前臺觸點("},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"wallet-client"},{"type":"text","text":")：根據不同的場景定製不用的前臺API"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"五、綜述"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"本文通過一個較簡單的例子講述中臺架構演進的過程，實際場景遠比此複雜。但最重要的不是最終的系統架構，而是對系統演進的思考和實施過程，因爲中颱的形態也是隨時間不斷變化的。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"六、源代碼"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"文中代碼由於篇幅原因有一定省略並不是完整邏輯，如有興趣請Fork源代碼"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://gitee.com/hypier/barry-wallet","title":""},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https://gitee.com/hypier/barry-wallet"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"七、請關注我的公衆號"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/62/629ab9a8e71fdadbe20e9f7c365b04bf.jpeg","alt":"請關注我的公衆號","title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}}]}