盤點2020 | 雲上建站流程全解，教你如何節約成本

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"網站，讓你對互聯網世界擁有更多的主動權，並且通過分享知識讓你獲得更多有效的關注和交流，更值得一說的是網站將作爲你的個人品牌而存在。那麼，在某種程度上，搭建你自己的網站，將成爲一種成就個人的好選擇。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"本篇文章整理了在雲服務器上搭建網站的完整流程，也會對使用傳統的方式搭建網站有一定的借鑑意義。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"本文來源：魚立說。本文鏈接：","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://www.yulisay.com/d/cloudweb.html","title":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https://www.yulisay.com/d/cloudweb.html","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"text","text":"，支持微信瀏覽器打開。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"更多精彩文章，請移步 ","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://www.yulisay.com","title":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"魚立說個人網站","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"text","text":" 翻看。歡迎欣賞，吐槽不足之處。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"horizontalrule","attrs":{}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1. 雲上建站完全流程","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"雲服務器搭建網站的基本流程，基本分爲如下 5 個步驟：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"第 1 步：選購合適的雲服務器","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"，例如 阿里雲服務器、騰訊雲服務器 等。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"推薦選擇國內的服務器，好處是服務穩定、打開速度快。選購雲服務器的一個竅門是，參加雲服務器優惠活動，比如","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://cloud.tencent.com/act/seckill","title":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"騰訊雲舉辦的雲服務器精選秒殺","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"text","text":"，在這個期間購買雲服務器會優惠很多。下面是騰訊雲服務器的價格，優惠價格和正常價格差距顯著：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"（隱藏了，看原文）","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"購買雲服務器，需要關注的服務器參數有：服務器核數、操作系統、帶寬、系統盤空間大小、數據盤空間大小、購買時長等，通常要求越高價格也就越高。具體如何使用雲服務器，可以去官網查閱相關資料，都有十分詳細的引導。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"第 2 步：選購屬於你的域名，配置域名解析","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"，例如 yulisay.com、baidu.com 。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"域名要有一定意義，因爲它是你在互聯網世界中的門牌，也是你展開網站規劃的起點和核心。選購域名要找正規的域名商，比如 ","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://wanwang.aliyun.com/domain","title":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"阿里雲旗下的萬網","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"text","text":"、","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://buy.cloud.tencent.com/domain","title":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"騰訊雲域名","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"text","text":" 等。通常，一個域名每年花費幾十塊錢，如果是新用戶的話還有一定優惠。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":".com 結尾的域名適於商業使用，自己建站則以 .cn、.top、.site、.xyz 等結尾，不同的域名後綴價格有所不同。同時，要注意續費價格，因爲大部分廠商在第一年會給你各種優惠，但是續費價格卻出現大調整。下面是騰訊雲的域名優惠活動：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"（隱藏了）","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"第 3 步：對網站進行備案","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"，獲取 ICP 備案號。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"依法規定，使用中國大陸境內的輕量應用服務器開辦網站並綁定域名服務時必須先辦理網站備案，備案成功並獲取通信管理局下發的 ICP 備案號後才能開通域名訪問。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"雲服務器的備案途徑比較明確，在雲服務商的控制後臺一般都會有專門的備案模塊，來引導你一步步進行備案。比如騰訊雲的備案流程：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/40/4083136f16c6eefe8766d34ec4593db2.jpeg","alt":"騰訊雲的備案流程","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"第 4 步：安裝網站運行環境","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"，例如自行安裝 LNMPR ，或者使用 ","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://www.bt.cn/","title":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"寶塔面板","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"text","text":"、","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://www.wdlinux.cn/wdcp/","title":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"wdCP","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"text","text":" 等工具。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"運行網站源碼需要選擇合適的 Web 運行環境，比如 Nginx/Apache/IIS、PHP/JAVA/.NET、MySQL/PostgreSQL/SQL Server、Redis/MemcacheDB/MongoDB 等。當然，做出怎樣的選擇，都要結合網站業務展開。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"建議新手使用 寶塔面板、wdCP 之類的可視化服務器管理系統。如果你的經驗足夠豐富，也可以自行安裝配置，這樣會節省下很多的服務器空間。下圖是寶塔面板的管理界面：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/63/63159572a61c8dfee72d6e99a16f866f.jpeg","alt":"寶塔面板的管理界面","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"第 5 步：設計、開發網站，測試、部署源碼","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"，這個階段有兩種選擇：使用網站模板，或者完全自己開發。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"想要搭建一個完整的網站，首先要有合理的網站定位，然後逐漸展開對功能模塊的劃分，接着是做 UI 頁面設計和技術選型，隨後纔可以進入開發、測試階段。整個過程所需的價格和時間，依據網站功能的複雜程度，以及開發人員的多少和能力等，會有不同程度的區別。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如果是完全自己開發網站，那麼最終可能花費會很多，這時你就需要考慮是不是做一些變通了。比如使用成熟的開源軟件和網站模板進行二次開發，比如 WordPress、EmpireCMS、PHPCMS、DedeCms、Drupal、Z-Blog 等等，這樣下來會節省很多。下圖是網站建設的一個實例：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"（隱藏了）","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"到這一步，別人訪問你的域名就可以看到你的網站了。需要說明的是，搭建網站不僅是對研發技術的考驗，也是對網站管理員運營經驗的考驗。除了設計和開發以外，隨後的測試、部署，以及將來的 SEO 優化、推廣、維護、升級等，也都是在搭建網站過程中需要認真考慮的事情。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"正如前面看到的，以上 5 步並非都需依序執行，加之每個步驟所需時間不等，所以要根據自己的緊急程度，合理安排前後完成步驟。比如可以在網站開發的後期，購買服務器、備案，這樣時間就會較好地得到合理的利用。大家有好的建議，以歡迎留言互動","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2. 參考鏈接","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"① ","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://cloud.tencent.com/document/product/213/39130","title":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"雲服務器 如何搭建網站 - 最佳實踐 - 文檔中心 - 騰訊雲","attrs":{}}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"② ","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://www.duanliang920.com/learn232.html","title":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如何建立個人博客？-段亮個人博客","attrs":{}}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"③ ","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://www.debuginn.cn/new-sites","title":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"知識上雲 教你建站 – Debug客棧","attrs":{}}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"④ ","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://cloud.tencent.com/act/domainsales?utm_id=gwzcw.3790022.3790022.3790022","title":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"域名註冊","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"italic","attrs":{}}],"text":"免費SSL證書","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"免費域名解析_域名優惠活動 - 騰訊雲","attrs":{}}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"⑤ ","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://cloud.tencent.com/document/product/1207/45756","title":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"輕量應用服務器 網站備案 - 操作指南 - 文檔中心 - 騰訊雲","attrs":{}}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}}]}