盘点2020 | 云上建站流程全解，教你如何节约成本

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"网站，让你对互联网世界拥有更多的主动权，并且通过分享知识让你获得更多有效的关注和交流，更值得一说的是网站将作为你的个人品牌而存在。那么，在某种程度上，搭建你自己的网站，将成为一种成就个人的好选择。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"本篇文章整理了在云服务器上搭建网站的完整流程，也会对使用传统的方式搭建网站有一定的借鉴意义。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"本文来源：鱼立说。本文链接：","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://www.yulisay.com/d/cloudweb.html","title":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https://www.yulisay.com/d/cloudweb.html","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"text","text":"，支持微信浏览器打开。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"更多精彩文章，请移步 ","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://www.yulisay.com","title":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"鱼立说个人网站","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"text","text":" 翻看。欢迎欣赏，吐槽不足之处。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"horizontalrule","attrs":{}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1. 云上建站完全流程","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"云服务器搭建网站的基本流程，基本分为如下 5 个步骤：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"第 1 步：选购合适的云服务器","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"，例如 阿里云服务器、腾讯云服务器 等。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"推荐选择国内的服务器，好处是服务稳定、打开速度快。选购云服务器的一个窍门是，参加云服务器优惠活动，比如","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://cloud.tencent.com/act/seckill","title":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"腾讯云举办的云服务器精选秒杀","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"text","text":"，在这个期间购买云服务器会优惠很多。下面是腾讯云服务器的价格，优惠价格和正常价格差距显著：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"（隐藏了，看原文）","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"购买云服务器，需要关注的服务器参数有：服务器核数、操作系统、带宽、系统盘空间大小、数据盘空间大小、购买时长等，通常要求越高价格也就越高。具体如何使用云服务器，可以去官网查阅相关资料，都有十分详细的引导。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"第 2 步：选购属于你的域名，配置域名解析","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"，例如 yulisay.com、baidu.com 。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"域名要有一定意义，因为它是你在互联网世界中的门牌，也是你展开网站规划的起点和核心。选购域名要找正规的域名商，比如 ","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://wanwang.aliyun.com/domain","title":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"阿里云旗下的万网","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"text","text":"、","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://buy.cloud.tencent.com/domain","title":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"腾讯云域名","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"text","text":" 等。通常，一个域名每年花费几十块钱，如果是新用户的话还有一定优惠。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":".com 结尾的域名适于商业使用，自己建站则以 .cn、.top、.site、.xyz 等结尾，不同的域名后缀价格有所不同。同时，要注意续费价格，因为大部分厂商在第一年会给你各种优惠，但是续费价格却出现大调整。下面是腾讯云的域名优惠活动：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"（隐藏了）","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"第 3 步：对网站进行备案","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"，获取 ICP 备案号。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"依法规定，使用中国大陆境内的轻量应用服务器开办网站并绑定域名服务时必须先办理网站备案，备案成功并获取通信管理局下发的 ICP 备案号后才能开通域名访问。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"云服务器的备案途径比较明确，在云服务商的控制后台一般都会有专门的备案模块，来引导你一步步进行备案。比如腾讯云的备案流程：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/40/4083136f16c6eefe8766d34ec4593db2.jpeg","alt":"腾讯云的备案流程","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"第 4 步：安装网站运行环境","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"，例如自行安装 LNMPR ，或者使用 ","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://www.bt.cn/","title":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"宝塔面板","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"text","text":"、","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://www.wdlinux.cn/wdcp/","title":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"wdCP","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"text","text":" 等工具。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"运行网站源码需要选择合适的 Web 运行环境，比如 Nginx/Apache/IIS、PHP/JAVA/.NET、MySQL/PostgreSQL/SQL Server、Redis/MemcacheDB/MongoDB 等。当然，做出怎样的选择，都要结合网站业务展开。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"建议新手使用 宝塔面板、wdCP 之类的可视化服务器管理系统。如果你的经验足够丰富，也可以自行安装配置，这样会节省下很多的服务器空间。下图是宝塔面板的管理界面：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/63/63159572a61c8dfee72d6e99a16f866f.jpeg","alt":"宝塔面板的管理界面","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"第 5 步：设计、开发网站，测试、部署源码","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"，这个阶段有两种选择：使用网站模板，或者完全自己开发。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"想要搭建一个完整的网站，首先要有合理的网站定位，然后逐渐展开对功能模块的划分，接着是做 UI 页面设计和技术选型，随后才可以进入开发、测试阶段。整个过程所需的价格和时间，依据网站功能的复杂程度，以及开发人员的多少和能力等，会有不同程度的区别。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如果是完全自己开发网站，那么最终可能花费会很多，这时你就需要考虑是不是做一些变通了。比如使用成熟的开源软件和网站模板进行二次开发，比如 WordPress、EmpireCMS、PHPCMS、DedeCms、Drupal、Z-Blog 等等，这样下来会节省很多。下图是网站建设的一个实例：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"（隐藏了）","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"到这一步，别人访问你的域名就可以看到你的网站了。需要说明的是，搭建网站不仅是对研发技术的考验，也是对网站管理员运营经验的考验。除了设计和开发以外，随后的测试、部署，以及将来的 SEO 优化、推广、维护、升级等，也都是在搭建网站过程中需要认真考虑的事情。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"正如前面看到的，以上 5 步并非都需依序执行，加之每个步骤所需时间不等，所以要根据自己的紧急程度，合理安排前后完成步骤。比如可以在网站开发的后期，购买服务器、备案，这样时间就会较好地得到合理的利用。大家有好的建议，以欢迎留言互动","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2. 参考链接","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"① ","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://cloud.tencent.com/document/product/213/39130","title":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"云服务器 如何搭建网站 - 最佳实践 - 文档中心 - 腾讯云","attrs":{}}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"② ","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://www.duanliang920.com/learn232.html","title":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如何建立个人博客？-段亮个人博客","attrs":{}}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"③ ","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://www.debuginn.cn/new-sites","title":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"知识上云 教你建站 – Debug客栈","attrs":{}}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"④ ","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://cloud.tencent.com/act/domainsales?utm_id=gwzcw.3790022.3790022.3790022","title":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"域名注册","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"italic","attrs":{}}],"text":"免费SSL证书","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"免费域名解析_域名优惠活动 - 腾讯云","attrs":{}}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"⑤ ","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://cloud.tencent.com/document/product/1207/45756","title":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"轻量应用服务器 网站备案 - 操作指南 - 文档中心 - 腾讯云","attrs":{}}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}}]}