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架构提供行列混合计算能力，海量数据的高性能实时计算。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"提供完整工具，实现全量同步联机库集群数据，随时成为联机库集群的备选切换保障。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"吞吐量及性能可以随在线横向透明扩展。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"内核支持强一致数据部分机制及高可用机制 (RPO=0,RTO <30s）。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"内核支持多中心多活容灾机制。"}]}]}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"TiDB 对核心交易场景的潜在价值"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"TiDB 为核心交易场景也带来了一些潜在价值。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"首先我们坚信云一定是未来，TiDB 云原生架构及产品能力(K8s 容器集群)就绪，为上云(私有云)提供了技术基础。同时，我们在最近已经完成了对商业云基础平台 ( 开源 OpenShift、开源 Rancher ）的对接适配，加上 TiDB 基于云资源调度和数据库本身的调度机制，能够比较好的实现云中数据库多租户的支持能力。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在内核上，TiDB HTAP 行列混合架构能够支撑未来更多的在线新业务场景，拓宽业务适用面；同时，我们的产品团队也在跟包括 Flink 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为主库的方案或者是作为后置库的方案，TiDB 无论从交易的性能、吞吐、汇总、扩展各方面都有比较显著的优势。并且，相比传统的结构，引入 TiDB 以后在整体硬件、软件，包括整个运维部署的成本方面都有明显的优势。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"接下来，我们将主要分享 TiDB 在核心外围的关键业务场景的实践。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"TiDB 在支付业务中的实践"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我们在核心外围的关键业务场景也有很多的案例，例如现在比较典型的在线支付业务。TiDB 主要涉足的支付领域包括商业银行的网联\/银联支付业务的联机交易数据库，第三方支付公司的移动支业务核心支付系统。"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"通过 TiDB 提供的大规模吞吐，高性能大并发联机交易，多中心多活容灾，弹性扩展机制来支撑："}]},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"商业银行侧，来自网联\/银联无卡的大并发支付交易指令和支付报文数据处理；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第三方支付侧，来自移动支付 App， 商户移动 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稳定的支持了北京银行的网联支付和银联无卡支付的核心系统，采用了北京同城+西安两地三中心的多活容灾结构，顺利的渡过了两次双十一，比较好的支撑这个业务。另外，我们在包括天翼支付的支付结算、账单、反洗钱平台，宝付的支付数据汇聚和日本排名第一的支付公司 PayPay 的联机支付核心及支付钱包核心平台，都有了具体的落地案例。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"TiDB 在互联网理财业务中的实践"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"TiDB 主要落地股份制商业银行财富管理业务条线中的在线理财业务，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"通过 TiDB 提供的大规模吞吐、高性能大并发联机交易、多中心多活容灾以及弹性扩展机制来支撑理财业务中的"},{"type":"text","text":"："}]},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"理财交易的联机事务交易核心处理；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"理财交易系统的日间及日终的数据批量计算；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"理财交易系统数据的批量计算输出到监管报送，数仓等下游业务系统；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"两中心多活容灾部署，提供高等级业务连续性保障。"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"今年上半年，我们和光大银行完成了理财交易核心库和联机批库交易的投产工作，比较好的支撑了整个光大银行理财业务的核心联机交易的处理以及日间和日终的数据批量计算。此外，我们也在北京银行的理财销售平台和微众银行企业同业的理财交易流水有了相关的场景落地。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"TiDB 在实时风控业务中的实践"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我们还有一大类关键的金融应用场景是实时风控业务。跟传统的风控不一样，随着互联网化的业务场景增多，银行和泛金融机构对于实时风控的要求是非常高的。TiDB 目前在风控业务中的实时风控数据汇聚、存储、管理、加工、计算场景方面已经有多个落地实践。"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"通过 TiDB 分布式存储核心机制，应对海量数据的实时写入，同时分布式计算层以及行列混合引擎的设计能够针对风控指标的点查计算和批量汇总统计计算提供实时处理能力，将传统基于大数据手段的 “T+1” 风控业务处理能力直接提升到 “T+0” 级别，如高达秒级的风控数据计算查询。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在金融业务场景方面，我们有包括北京银行线上业务风控模型管理平台、微众银行 CNC 反欺诈系统、天翼支付反洗钱平台、拉卡拉金融实时风控平台等一系列的场景落地。同时在互联网及电商业务场景中，包括像东南亚知名电商 Shopee 的风控平台，小红书反欺诈系统及实时风控平台、拼多多风控平台等都有了一些落地。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"TiDB 保险行业典型场景"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"除了银行业务之外，TiDB 也广泛应用在保险行业。"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"在保险行业，主要在前台、中台、后台三大领域有投产业务。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在前台，主要是偏向于互联网和移动端联机交易这一侧，包括保单的投保、财富增值、会员活动等一些在线联机交易的支撑。我们在去年成功的支持了平安产险暖宝保的业务，在很短的时间内完成了整个集群的投产上线以及平安财神节的一个高峰交易。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在中台，业务主要涉及到以中台业务群为前端的后台的数据支撑，包括像中台的微服务化、单元模块改造和业务的改造工作，TiDB 能够通过云原生的架构比较好的适配微服务的应用环境，消除应用对分布式数据存取框架的依赖，无需引入数据中间件，并且能够做到在线弹性扩展。我们在平安人寿的“金管家”业务和平安产险的“询价出单”业务中都有相关的落地。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在后台，由于 TiDB 本身超大规模的海量数据存储架构以及具备批量数据的处理能力，我们在认证、支付、结算、包括前面提到的风控类业务，都有若干的案例落地。在这类业务中，比较偏向于实时的 OLAP 分析，涉及到 TiDB 提供多种上游数据源汇聚方案。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如何从原有架构迁移到 TiDB"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"从金融行业，传统的业务迁移到 TiDB，有几点想跟大家分享一下。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/e1\/e1f259b8738dce6f607b7a5122000310.png","alt":"图片","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"TiDB 的整体架构是多中心的结构，尤其是对于核心交易和关键业务场景来说，这个是刚需。我们也是在包括北京银行、光大银行的两个核心交易库上面实现了多中心的架构。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"TiDB 核心交易系统迁移投产规划管理"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"因为涉及到整个金融机构里非常重要并且关键的系统，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"核心交易系统 TiDB 投产的技术原则是处处有核验，步步可回退。"},{"type":"text","text":"有以下几种投产策略可以供大家参考。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"第一种策略是双写策略。"},{"type":"text","text":"通过在应用侧实现一个双写路由，来对传统组库、交易组库和对 TiDB 作为一个集群的镜像库做双路的转发。它的优点就是控制颗粒非常精细，TiDB 无论从时间维度还是交易的负载维度上，都得到了全部的交易负载和特征，割接窗口短投入。但需要构造双写路由机制以及数据校验的机制，当然我们也有一些工具和技术手段可以提供。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"第二种策略就是作为主从级别方式来进行投产和迁移。"},{"type":"text","text":"交易组库，例如 Oracle，继续承担所有交易组库的读写流量。TiDB 通过 Golden Gate 等专业的第三方工具，可以非常方便的去捕获到 Oracle 整个数据全量和增量的实时变化。这个策略的优点是投产周期非常短，整个业务的改造工作量非常低。但也需要做一些额外的工作，首先是需要做更加细致的数据校验，因为是通过主从的结构来获得数据的一些变化；另外，当主从校验中，如果发现有数据问题，那在割接前需要通过技术手段进行修正。当然，我们有一些相关校验和修整的技术手段，能够在割接、交付、投产之前帮助用户去做校验和修整的机制。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"第三种策略是直接把 TiDB 作为主库，把传统的库作为托底方案。"},{"type":"text","text":"这个方案是借助于我们与国内主要的数据库头部方案厂商迪思杰(DSG)在产品上面的一个完整适配。现在 TiDB 能够基于 DSG 把 Oracle 系统作为托底的一个集群。这个策略的优点是投产迅速，有托底保障，但也需要构造数据校验及修正手段，整体回退时间较长。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"最后一个策略是做一个灰度"},{"type":"text","text":"，通过交易模块的切分，按照模块的边界来把一部分的交易承担在主库上，另一部分的交易放在 TiDB 上。这个策略的好处是灰度按照业务模块迁移，对整个业务的整体的风险有比较好的把控，但可能需要需要更加复杂的应用模块级细分迁移方案和配套工具。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"数据备份恢复保障"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/d4\/d418a5902636afc9fb8be978532e5750.png","alt":"图片","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"去年我们实现了关于存储引擎层的物理层的分布式备份的方案，叫做 BR(Backup & Restore)。BR 能够实现在数量固定的情况下，节点越多，备份速度越快，实现了一个在非逻辑层和物理层的备份。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/9d\/9d506b1531bb820ce23603ab47fbb437.png","alt":"图片","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"除了 TiDB 原生的两地三中心的 Raft based 方案外，去年我们也在产品当中完成了两中心强一致的备份方案。"},{"type":"text","text":"因为一些银行机构或者金融机构的业务中，可能不需要两地三中心，只需要两中心的灾备容灾方案就足够了。我们在 Raft 的框架上面，实现了两中心的强一致的方案，适配同城及近距离异地中心，且中心间通信延迟较好场景，能够实现金融级的 RPO=0 的要求。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"本文转载自：DataFunTalk（ID：dataFunTalk）"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"原文链接："},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s\/n2LZDWW1mu4PBapg8IZTRg","title":"xxx","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"TiDB 在金融关键业务场景的实践"}]}]}]}
TiDB 在金融关键业务场景的实践
{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"TiDB 作为一款高效稳定的开源分布式数据库，在国内外的银行、证券、保险、在线支付和金融科技行业得到了普遍应用，并在约 20 多种不同的金融业务场景中支撑着用户的关键计算。本篇文章将为大家介绍分布式关系型数据库 TiDB 在金融行业关键应用领域的实践。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"金融关键业务场景"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"银行的业务系统非常复杂，包括从核心上的账户、账务、结算等业务到外围的各种存、贷、票、汇以及面向互联网场景的各类金融业务。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/47\/47958c13235b90e2717db246072c2215.png","alt":"图片","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"随着科技的发展，整个银行的核心交易系统走在自己的一个演进道路上，从传统的集中式应用结构逐步向服务化、分布式这样的体系在演进。在国内，已经有若干家在科技方面比较领先的银行机构启动了对于核心的改造工作，在他们整个核心交易应用以及背后的数据处理层引入了非常多分布式的技术来支撑他们业务的发展。在未来，整个发展方向会更多的向单元化、服务化发展，并且一些应用支撑的框架，例如云、微服务、未来的 serverless 等，都会逐渐的向核心交易引入。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"分布式核心系统架构对整个数据库有以下几点比较明确的要求："}]},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"安全，稳定，可靠；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"提供分布式计算与分布式数据管理及在线弹性扩展能力；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"提供高并发，低延迟，大吞吐的数据库处理能力；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"支持联机交易及批量(日间\/终) 批量混合负载；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"支持核心上的报表和数据报送业务负载；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"提供可靠和高性能的分布式联机交易事务； "}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"需要支持至少达到 “两地三中心” 的双中心多活及多中心容灾保障能力；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"RPO = 0, RTO 要达到监管及银行科技部门对核心系统的高可用要求；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"核心业务应用开发\/改造难度低；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"完善与便捷的运维管理能力。"}]}]}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"现有架构痛点"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"目前，很多银行采用的核心系统数据库方案主要为传统的集中式数据库架构和基于 MySQL 的分库分表方案，但无论是集中式数据库架构，还是基于 MySQL 的分布式数据库架构，都会存在一些问题。集中式数据库架构主要有以下几点问题："}]},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"严重依赖专有高端硬件；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"无法弹性横向扩展；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"与新一代分布式服务化核心应用架构匹配度低；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"建设及维护成本高昂；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"DB2 \/ Oracle 数据库技术锁定；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"无法利用云计算体系发展成果。"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"基于 MySQL 的分布式数据库架构也存在以下几点问题："}]},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"数据库分布式中间件成熟度与可靠性仍需要考验；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"应用侵入程度高，改造复杂度大；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"应用模型和数据模型的锁定，牺牲灵活性；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"批量负载处理能力限制；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"分布式事务能力低下，需要人为应用开发侧和规划侧深度规避；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"强一致性保障的风险；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"缺乏弹性扩展能力和在线扩展自动平衡的能力；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"MySQL 高可用技术的风险；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"两地三中心同城多活复杂度。"}]}]}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"基于 TiDB HTAP 架构的银行核心数据库解决方案"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"方案一：TiDB 核心交易系统支撑架构"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第一个是比较直截了当的方案，以 TiDB 作为核心交易库的主库。"}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/cb\/cbb953a9b1f2c1761362b4289c508dd2.png","alt":"图片","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在这种方式下，整个 TiDB 近似传统单机集中式数据库的访问模式与业务应用开发模式，对应用的访问是透明的。同时，无论是应用模型、数据模型还是整个事务交易模型，不需要做人为的切分。因为在核心交易应用的发展过程中，除了以账户为角度，我们还会以用户视图为角度，因此简单的通过找到用户的账户分片去做切分的话，实际上是牺牲了整个核心交易的灵活性。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"另外以 TiDB 作为主库，内置的多中心、多活容灾的机制也简化了部署的复杂性、管理复杂性和成本；并且完全的分布式联机交易事务支持，不需要应用干预和提前锁定事务处理规划，用户基本上在 TiDB 上做联机交易的过程当中，跟单机数据库的使用是一样的；另外 TiDB 在后台提供了一个动态的调度机制，所以在线的进行节点的扩容，完全不会影响业务，无论是后台数据平衡，还是内部引擎之间的负载均衡的自动分配，都是在引擎内部自己做的，不需要用户在应用侧有特别多的关注。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"以 TiDB 作为核心交易库的主库，主要有以下几点价值："}]},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在核心系统数据库侧分布式改造大幅度降低改造难度与风险；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"业务模型和数据模型无需反向适配数据库架构；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"透明的计算和数据管理分布式，降低维护复杂度与成本；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"吞吐量及性能可以随在线横向透明扩展；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"标准 SQL, 分布式事务，多表复杂关联计算，联机与批量混合负载处理能力，保障业务灵活性及适配分布式核心应用；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"内核支持强一致数据部分机制及高可用机制 (RPO=0,RTO <30s）；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"内核支持多中心多活容灾机制。"}]}]}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"长亮核心交易系统测试"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我们与城商行一级的系统做了比较完整的对接，包括长亮科技，我们在他的核心交易系统上，包括账户、账务、贷款、发卡、现金管理、资产负载等这些核心模块做了充分的适配。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/ff\/ffc1d99f7524fe476de31369348e5eea.png","alt":"图片","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":"center","origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"长亮核心交易系统关键交易压测成绩"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"从功能、正确性、交易的性能等方面做了充分的适配和优化，完成了 2000 多个核心交易的功能测试，包括全量的近 200 个批处理测试。接下来，我们正在跟长亮科技计划进行 V8 版本对接测试和基于 ARM 国产化平台的测试。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"方案二：核心交易 MySQL + TiDB 后置库方案"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第二种方案是以 TiDB 作为整个核心交易的后置库方案。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/28\/28d8dcc219e0a299222d623ddb88f7cd.png","alt":"图片","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"架构如上图所示，整个核心交易的应用侧根据应用逻辑做一个拆分，这也是现在新一代核心应用结构的演进趋势。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"用户在核心联机交易库使用 MySQL + 中间件的方式来承担联机交易的前置库，在这上面完成最基本的联机交易，然后通过 TiDB 提供的 CDC 同步工具做准实时的同步，解析 MySQL 分片对的 binlog，并通过自动合库的方式汇聚到 TiDB 的分布式集群上面。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在 TiDB 分布式集群上可以克服原来由单一的 MySQL Sharding 方案带来的一些限制，比如前面提到的复杂计算、复杂的实时查询业务，这些业务负载就可以从联机交易主库下线到 TiDB 后置库上进行完成。这样可以说是扬长避短，在整个方案当中能够将整个交易的联机部分、批量部分、实时查询部分和复杂的报表部分做一个区分。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"方案三：核心交易 MySQL(业务单元化) + TiDB 后置库方案"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第三种方案和第二种方案类似，但随着核心交易技术以及架构路线的发展，有不少的解决方案会在核心交易的应用侧进行应用维度的微服务化或者单元化的改造。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/7e\/7eb59c059208b1c8826ed63b2c6fc754.png","alt":"图片","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在整个核心交易当中，把交易链路上都会用到的客户中心、产品中心、核算中心与整个交易分离，将这部分单独拎出来；对于联机交易和账户这部分，例如存款系统与贷款系统，通过业务逻辑上的切分，把他们切分成独立的单元，可以理解为虚拟的分行系统，通过这种方式在应用的业务层实现横向的扩展；同时在整个交易链路上，例如公共服务中心，可以通过微服务方式抽取出来，在不同模块之间通过标准接口来作为调用的公共服务区。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"这样的结构产生后，一定会产生多个数据库对应联机交易库。作为业务单元化架构下核心交易联机库背后的后置库，TiDB 同样可以通过 CDC，将诸如客户中心、产品中心、核算中心等统一全局维度的库进行一比一的入库。同时，对于在应用层已经不是依靠 MySQL 分库分表，而是靠应用层切割的垂直分库，能够通过 CDC 工具直接在 TiDB 层汇聚成一个全局的汇总库，在这个汇总库上我们可以完成跨服务单元数据后台的批量操作，包括复杂查询以及报表类的业务；同时，又可以保证在整个业务当中，原来共享服务的库仍旧是以逻辑单独库的形态在 TiDB 的大集群当中存在，对业务提供服务。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"微众银行新一代核心系统架构"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"微众银行就采用了这种方案作为核心系统架构。微众银行在国内的核心交易业务单元化方面有自己的创新之处，在过去三四年的发展过程中，他们整体的核心交易采用了 DCN 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作为核心交易后置库的价值主要有以下几点："}]},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"解决 MySQL 分布式方案中数据汇总计算处理的挑战。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"标准 SQL，分布式事务，多表复杂关联计算能力提供了跨节点海量数据的高性能批量处理能力。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"HTAP 架构提供行列混合计算能力，海量数据的高性能实时计算。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"提供完整工具，实现全量同步联机库集群数据，随时成为联机库集群的备选切换保障。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"吞吐量及性能可以随在线横向透明扩展。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"内核支持强一致数据部分机制及高可用机制 (RPO=0,RTO <30s）。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"内核支持多中心多活容灾机制。"}]}]}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"TiDB 对核心交易场景的潜在价值"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"TiDB 为核心交易场景也带来了一些潜在价值。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"首先我们坚信云一定是未来，TiDB 云原生架构及产品能力(K8s 容器集群)就绪，为上云(私有云)提供了技术基础。同时，我们在最近已经完成了对商业云基础平台 ( 开源 OpenShift、开源 Rancher ）的对接适配，加上 TiDB 基于云资源调度和数据库本身的调度机制，能够比较好的实现云中数据库多租户的支持能力。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在内核上，TiDB HTAP 行列混合架构能够支撑未来更多的在线新业务场景，拓宽业务适用面；同时，我们的产品团队也在跟包括 Flink 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为主库的方案或者是作为后置库的方案，TiDB 无论从交易的性能、吞吐、汇总、扩展各方面都有比较显著的优势。并且，相比传统的结构，引入 TiDB 以后在整体硬件、软件，包括整个运维部署的成本方面都有明显的优势。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"接下来，我们将主要分享 TiDB 在核心外围的关键业务场景的实践。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"TiDB 在支付业务中的实践"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我们在核心外围的关键业务场景也有很多的案例，例如现在比较典型的在线支付业务。TiDB 主要涉足的支付领域包括商业银行的网联\/银联支付业务的联机交易数据库，第三方支付公司的移动支业务核心支付系统。"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"通过 TiDB 提供的大规模吞吐，高性能大并发联机交易，多中心多活容灾，弹性扩展机制来支撑："}]},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"商业银行侧，来自网联\/银联无卡的大并发支付交易指令和支付报文数据处理；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第三方支付侧，来自移动支付 App， 商户移动 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稳定的支持了北京银行的网联支付和银联无卡支付的核心系统，采用了北京同城+西安两地三中心的多活容灾结构，顺利的渡过了两次双十一，比较好的支撑这个业务。另外，我们在包括天翼支付的支付结算、账单、反洗钱平台，宝付的支付数据汇聚和日本排名第一的支付公司 PayPay 的联机支付核心及支付钱包核心平台，都有了具体的落地案例。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"TiDB 在互联网理财业务中的实践"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"TiDB 主要落地股份制商业银行财富管理业务条线中的在线理财业务，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"通过 TiDB 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在实时风控业务中的实践"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我们还有一大类关键的金融应用场景是实时风控业务。跟传统的风控不一样，随着互联网化的业务场景增多，银行和泛金融机构对于实时风控的要求是非常高的。TiDB 目前在风控业务中的实时风控数据汇聚、存储、管理、加工、计算场景方面已经有多个落地实践。"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"通过 TiDB 分布式存储核心机制，应对海量数据的实时写入，同时分布式计算层以及行列混合引擎的设计能够针对风控指标的点查计算和批量汇总统计计算提供实时处理能力，将传统基于大数据手段的 “T+1” 风控业务处理能力直接提升到 “T+0” 级别，如高达秒级的风控数据计算查询。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在金融业务场景方面，我们有包括北京银行线上业务风控模型管理平台、微众银行 CNC 反欺诈系统、天翼支付反洗钱平台、拉卡拉金融实时风控平台等一系列的场景落地。同时在互联网及电商业务场景中，包括像东南亚知名电商 Shopee 的风控平台，小红书反欺诈系统及实时风控平台、拼多多风控平台等都有了一些落地。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"TiDB 保险行业典型场景"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"除了银行业务之外，TiDB 也广泛应用在保险行业。"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"在保险行业，主要在前台、中台、后台三大领域有投产业务。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在前台，主要是偏向于互联网和移动端联机交易这一侧，包括保单的投保、财富增值、会员活动等一些在线联机交易的支撑。我们在去年成功的支持了平安产险暖宝保的业务，在很短的时间内完成了整个集群的投产上线以及平安财神节的一个高峰交易。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在中台，业务主要涉及到以中台业务群为前端的后台的数据支撑，包括像中台的微服务化、单元模块改造和业务的改造工作，TiDB 能够通过云原生的架构比较好的适配微服务的应用环境，消除应用对分布式数据存取框架的依赖，无需引入数据中间件，并且能够做到在线弹性扩展。我们在平安人寿的“金管家”业务和平安产险的“询价出单”业务中都有相关的落地。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在后台，由于 TiDB 本身超大规模的海量数据存储架构以及具备批量数据的处理能力，我们在认证、支付、结算、包括前面提到的风控类业务，都有若干的案例落地。在这类业务中，比较偏向于实时的 OLAP 分析，涉及到 TiDB 提供多种上游数据源汇聚方案。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如何从原有架构迁移到 TiDB"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"从金融行业，传统的业务迁移到 TiDB，有几点想跟大家分享一下。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/e1\/e1f259b8738dce6f607b7a5122000310.png","alt":"图片","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"TiDB 的整体架构是多中心的结构，尤其是对于核心交易和关键业务场景来说，这个是刚需。我们也是在包括北京银行、光大银行的两个核心交易库上面实现了多中心的架构。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"TiDB 核心交易系统迁移投产规划管理"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"因为涉及到整个金融机构里非常重要并且关键的系统，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"核心交易系统 TiDB 投产的技术原则是处处有核验，步步可回退。"},{"type":"text","text":"有以下几种投产策略可以供大家参考。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"第一种策略是双写策略。"},{"type":"text","text":"通过在应用侧实现一个双写路由，来对传统组库、交易组库和对 TiDB 作为一个集群的镜像库做双路的转发。它的优点就是控制颗粒非常精细，TiDB 无论从时间维度还是交易的负载维度上，都得到了全部的交易负载和特征，割接窗口短投入。但需要构造双写路由机制以及数据校验的机制，当然我们也有一些工具和技术手段可以提供。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"第二种策略就是作为主从级别方式来进行投产和迁移。"},{"type":"text","text":"交易组库，例如 Oracle，继续承担所有交易组库的读写流量。TiDB 通过 Golden Gate 等专业的第三方工具，可以非常方便的去捕获到 Oracle 整个数据全量和增量的实时变化。这个策略的优点是投产周期非常短，整个业务的改造工作量非常低。但也需要做一些额外的工作，首先是需要做更加细致的数据校验，因为是通过主从的结构来获得数据的一些变化；另外，当主从校验中，如果发现有数据问题，那在割接前需要通过技术手段进行修正。当然，我们有一些相关校验和修整的技术手段，能够在割接、交付、投产之前帮助用户去做校验和修整的机制。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"第三种策略是直接把 TiDB 作为主库，把传统的库作为托底方案。"},{"type":"text","text":"这个方案是借助于我们与国内主要的数据库头部方案厂商迪思杰(DSG)在产品上面的一个完整适配。现在 TiDB 能够基于 DSG 把 Oracle 系统作为托底的一个集群。这个策略的优点是投产迅速，有托底保障，但也需要构造数据校验及修正手段，整体回退时间较长。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"最后一个策略是做一个灰度"},{"type":"text","text":"，通过交易模块的切分，按照模块的边界来把一部分的交易承担在主库上，另一部分的交易放在 TiDB 上。这个策略的好处是灰度按照业务模块迁移，对整个业务的整体的风险有比较好的把控，但可能需要需要更加复杂的应用模块级细分迁移方案和配套工具。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"数据备份恢复保障"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/d4\/d418a5902636afc9fb8be978532e5750.png","alt":"图片","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"去年我们实现了关于存储引擎层的物理层的分布式备份的方案，叫做 BR(Backup & Restore)。BR 能够实现在数量固定的情况下，节点越多，备份速度越快，实现了一个在非逻辑层和物理层的备份。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/9d\/9d506b1531bb820ce23603ab47fbb437.png","alt":"图片","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"除了 TiDB 原生的两地三中心的 Raft based 方案外，去年我们也在产品当中完成了两中心强一致的备份方案。"},{"type":"text","text":"因为一些银行机构或者金融机构的业务中，可能不需要两地三中心，只需要两中心的灾备容灾方案就足够了。我们在 Raft 的框架上面，实现了两中心的强一致的方案，适配同城及近距离异地中心，且中心间通信延迟较好场景，能够实现金融级的 RPO=0 的要求。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"本文转载自：DataFunTalk（ID：dataFunTalk）"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"原文链接："},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s\/n2LZDWW1mu4PBapg8IZTRg","title":"xxx","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"TiDB 在金融关键业务场景的实践"}]}]}]}
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