做通才還是專才，你會怎麼選？

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"許多人深受“木桶理論”的影響，於是會花費大精力去彌補自己的短板，甚至讓短板成爲長板、中長板，這其實並不是一種高效的方法。短板是相對而言，並且每個不同的階段都會有新的短板出現，再怎麼補也成不了通才，一味地補短反而是下乘。","attrs":{}}]}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"能力提升一直都是職場中的熱門話題，普遍的認知是，工作能力當然是越專業越好，俗話說“樣樣通，樣樣松”。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"但是在真實的職場中，你會發現你的老闆或上司並不是這樣想的。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"雖然你可能是以某個專業崗位的身份入職的，一旦開始工作，上司恨不能你什麼都能做，什麼都能做好。我就曾聽過一位創業公司的老闆激勵下屬，言之鑿鑿地說：“不懂財務的人力不是好行政。”","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"萬一不幸遇到一個挑剔的上司，很容易得到一個“你哪哪都不行，啥也不是”的評價。時間久了你可能都會懷疑自己是不是真的一無是處。職業能力的提升，努力很重要，但更重要的是要清楚自己努力的方向，有自己客觀的判斷標準，不能被他人帶偏了。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/58/5804eb4efe2fedf54aece8c31f7b52dd.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在能力提升這個問題上，我有以下三點要強調。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"01 小心能力成長的誤區","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"談能力提升，不可避免地得談木桶理論，木桶理論也很簡單：一隻木桶能盛多少水，並不取決於最長的那塊木板，而是取決於最短的那塊木板。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"很長一段時間，木桶理論在個人成長領域非常流行，於是乎很多人都熱衷於尋找自己的能力短板，看各種書，上各種課，努力把自己變成一個“滿水桶”。","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"結果往往是努力半天才發現，自己的短板不是一般的多，越補越覺得自己和別人能力差距很大","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"。這是因爲，把木桶理論放在個人能力提升領域是完全錯誤的。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"木桶理論最早是由美國管理學家彼得提出的，他當年提出這個理論的時候，是爲了解決公司的管理問題。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"原話是：一隻木桶能盛多少水，並不取決於最長的那塊木板，而是取決於最短的那塊木板；任何一個組織，可能面臨的一個共同問題，即構成組織的各個部分往往是優劣不齊的，而劣勢部分往往決定整個組織的水平。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"原話其實說得很清楚，這是用來解釋組織配合問題的。但是不知道怎麼搞的，傳播的時候大家就默默忽略了後半句，只告訴你一隻木桶能盛多少水，並不取決於最長的那塊木板，而是取決於最短的那塊木板。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"聽着也很有道理的樣子，但真照着做你就掉坑裏了。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如果你按照木桶理論的指導去提升自己的能力短板，最可能的結果是你不會成爲一個“滿水桶”，而是會變成一個“滿水盆”。因爲每天只有24個小時，除去工作和休息的時間，能用在能力提升上的時間非常有限。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"短板是永遠也補不完的，無論你能力有多強，總會有自己不滿意的能力。補短板很容易讓自己處在“能力永遠很差”的狀態裏。時間久了，自然就是個“滿水盆”。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"02 提升能力的正確姿勢","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"不知道你是否注意過前幾年國內山寨手機的現象。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/5b/5b4be3bb454c0623022d93c767d7d066.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"中國的山寨手機最大的特點就是功能強大，價格便宜。四卡四待、超長待機180天、太陽能充電等各種黑科技層出不窮。更誇張的是，在智能手機普遍幾千元的大環境下，山寨手機這麼多功能通常也只賣998元。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"山寨手機的宗旨就是：花最便宜的錢，所有的功能我都要。但問題是手機的大小無法改變，所有功能都要有，則所有功能都很差。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"蘋果的iPhone系列完全是山寨手機的反面，只能裝一張卡，待機時間最多一天，不能換電池，拍照效果一般，不耐摔，價格昂貴。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在產品設計領域有一個鐵律，叫“一專多能零缺陷”。“一專”是指產品本身有一項特別突出的功能，“多能”是指兼顧多項基礎功能，“零缺”陷是指產品沒有無法忍受的致命缺陷。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"蘋果的iPhone系列就是對一專多能零缺陷的徹底實踐。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"一專：","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"系統流暢度和工業設計做到最好；","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"多能：","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"續航，拍照，易碎達標；","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"零缺陷：","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"沒有致命缺陷。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"這個規律在個人能力成長上也是通用的，一項專長能力，多項輔助能力，沒有致命的能力缺陷。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"要補上自己的能力缺陷，但是同時要允許自己有能力缺點。什麼時候需要專門去補足某一種能力呢？只有一種情況，就是這個能力已經成了你的缺陷，嚴重影響到了工作。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"除此之外都不需要專門去補充某個能力。比如，你覺得自己溝通能力不好，如果不是已經影響到了人際關係，就沒有必要專門去訓練溝通能力。用補能力的時間和精力去強化自己的強項，更容易維持自己的競爭優勢。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"需要注意的是，能力的一專多能零缺陷並不是一蹴而就的，而是需要時間去逐步實現。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如果你大學剛畢業進入公司，這個時候最重要的任務是先補上自己的零缺陷，快速適應職場。這個時候的你，遇到的最大挑戰可能是怎麼做上司都不滿意。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"尤其遇到一個挑剔的上司肯定會非常痛苦，今天說你執行力不行，明天又覺得你溝通能力也欠缺，這個月盯着你改文件裏的錯別字，覺得你不細心，下個月又嫌你彙報工作沒重點。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我給你的建議是，接受並儘快改掉這些問題。因爲這每一項能力短板都有可能給你的工作造成大麻煩。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"等你過了職場適應階段，做事情終於能入上司的眼了，就要開始打造自己的“多能”，不要着急專注“一專”。因爲這個時候，你的職場經歷太少，過手的工作任務也不夠豐富，很難確定自己的“一專”。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"p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成爲自信的人","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"中國人總說謙虛是美德，但很多時候我們在自我評估上很容易謙虛過頭。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在諮詢中有時候我會讓來詢者做一個自我評價，比如說說自己的優點或者分析一下自己的能力優勢。很多來詢者都會覺得很爲難，思來想去都寫不出幾條。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"但是如果我讓他們說說自己的缺點或者講講自己需要提高的地方，他們幾乎毫不猶豫的，很快就能寫滿一頁紙。很多時候來詢者也很無奈，因爲我們的文化鼓勵自省，這就給我們一種錯覺：我還不夠好，我還有很多地方需要提升。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#FF7021","name":"orange"}}],"text":"但如果換個角度看，我們看到的東西可能完全不一樣。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我家附近的商場裏有一個很大的兒童樂園，裏面有小火車、小海盜船、海洋球等各種遊樂設施，當然價格也不便宜。有一次我和太太帶4歲的女兒去裏面玩，我的心思比較功利，花這麼多錢，應該把所有的設施都玩一遍。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/5b/5b51e08aa0f9f60c7202708ed5ed7c3b.jpeg","alt":null,"title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"結果女兒進去後，轉了一圈直奔一個簡陋的轉盤而去，然後在上面一坐半個小時都不挪窩。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我開始有些焦慮，和太太說，女兒需要好好教育，她一點探索精神都沒有，這麼大的遊樂園，怎麼都不好奇去玩玩別的，一個破轉盤玩這麼久。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我太太看了我一眼，意味深長地說：“她要是到處去玩，你也會抱怨的，你會說，你看，這孩子怎麼沒有一點專注力，玩什麼都是三分鐘熱度。”太太摸了摸女兒的頭說，她挺好的，很有專注力，我們別去打擾她。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"你看，在一個滿眼是缺點的人眼裏，你做什麼都是有問題的，你做什麼他都不會滿意。因爲他總是盯着你的缺點看，因爲他總是覺得你還不夠好。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"這樣的挑剔者可能是家裏的父母，可能是學校的老師，也可能是單位的上司。如果你沒有自己的判斷，不斷地在他們的評價裏努力，最終你一定會在他們失望的眼神裏筋疲力盡。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"我們的優勢很多時候就藏在我們的缺點裏。","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"你說自己做事魯莽欠考慮，但卻沒有看到自己強大的執行力。你說自己做事優柔寡斷很糾結，但卻忽略了自己思考問題心思縝密，考慮周全。你說自己不會拒絕，是個老好人，但卻沒看到自己細膩的同理心和極強的共情能力。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"當然，我並不是說，你不需要改變。而是這些你認爲的缺點在沒有成爲缺陷之前，都沒有必要費心費力地改變。無論是魯莽、優柔寡斷，還是不會拒絕，只要沒有讓自己的工作生活陷入麻煩，那就說明並不需要改變。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"相反，你應該多去強化自己的執行力、考慮周全的能力和共情能力，讓自己的優勢更加明顯。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"04 總結","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"小心能力成長的誤區：坑死人的木桶理論。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"提升能力的正確姿勢：一專多能零缺陷。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"成爲自信的人：多看自己的優勢。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"通才還是專才，你會選了麼？","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"-- 來源：本文部分內容摘編自書籍《做出好選擇》","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/0e/0e85c54b817c9d6842fd6d9e02b83636.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"horizontalrule","attrs":{}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"作者：架構精進之路，十年研發風雨路，大廠架構師，CSDN 博客專家，專注架構技術沉澱學習及分享，職業與認知升級，堅持分享接地氣兒的乾貨文章，期待與你一起成長","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"關注並私信我回復“01”，送你一份程序員成長進階大禮包，歡迎勾搭。","attrs":{}}]}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"horizontalrule","attrs":{}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Thanks for reading!","attrs":{}}]}]}