B站崩了算什麼？上週四全球互聯網大規模中斷了

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"最近兩月第三次，全球互聯網大規模中斷。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"據報道，美國東部當地時間（7 月 22 日）正午左右，由於一家互聯網服務提供商技術故障，導致全球衆多公司的網頁宕機，時長大約一小時。根據互聯網中斷監控網站 "},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/downdetector.com\n","title":"xxx","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"DownDetector.com"}]},{"type":"text","text":" 顯示，宕機事件是由於"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.akamai.com\/cn\/zh\/","title":"xxx","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"阿卡邁科技（Akamai Technologies）"}]},{"type":"text","text":"連接失敗造成的。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"隨後，全球知名互聯網服務提供商阿卡邁科技（Akamai Technologies）報告稱，由於一次服務中斷波及了一些知名網站和雲計算公司，目前正在調查自家域名系統服務的一個問題。然而，這已經是近兩個月內全球第三次發生重大互聯網中斷，也是近期第二次由於阿卡邁科技（Akamai Technologies）公司導致的互聯網故障。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"這次事件受影響的公司來自全球範圍內各個行業，典型的有美國的富達投資、甲骨文、聯邦快遞、達美航空、匯豐銀行、麥當勞、富達、美國證券交易委員會的文件搜索網站、Airbnb 等，還有印度、加拿大、澳大利亞、英國、新西蘭和其它國家的多家關鍵網站和應用程序癱瘓。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"不過，好在大多數站點都在不到一個小時的時間內恢復運行。大約在美國東部時間下午 12:50，阿卡邁科技公司表示已經針對這個問題實施了修復。該公司說，根據目前的觀察，服務正在恢復正常，他們將繼續監控以確保減輕影響。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"兩月內第三次，互聯網大規模中斷屢見不鮮？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"互聯網大規模中斷按理說應該是個小概率事件，可最近兩月，這樣的事件已經第三次出現了。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"北京時間 6 月 17 日中午，由於阿卡邁科技公司的故障，全球多家航空公司、銀行、證券交易所和交易平臺出現短暫癱瘓狀態。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"據外媒報道，由於全球主要內容分發網絡服務商之一的美國阿卡邁技術公司服務器出現故障，導致澳大利亞和美國數十家金融機構和航空公司的網站宕機長達一小時。事發當天，包括美國航空公司、西南航空公司、聯合航空公司和達美航空公司等多家航空公司網站出現宕機，引發了數千份網絡用戶投訴。其中，西南航空公司因網站故障被迫暫時停止運營後，取消了近 300 架次航班，並推遲了超過 500 架次航班。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"當天晚些時候，阿卡邁技術公司負責人表示，網絡服務器中斷與技術問題有關，受影響的網絡平臺已經陸續重新啓動運行。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"與上述事件相隔不到 10 天的 6 月 8 日，美國互聯網"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.fastly.com\/","title":"xxx","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"雲端服務供應商 Fastly"}]},{"type":"text","text":" 突然發生故障，導致包括 BBC、《紐約時報 》、《衛報》、亞馬遜（Amazon）、英國政府網站等全球無數社羣媒體、政府網站、新聞網站宕機大約一個小時。影響了美洲、歐洲和亞洲以及南非的數十個國家。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"就在媒體紛紛猜測事發原因時，Fastly 在美國當地時間 星期二（6 月 8 日）晚間公佈了事故調查結果，稱此次事故是由於 5 月份一次系統更新中的程序錯誤（bug）未被發現造成的，並非遭受黑客攻擊。同時，該公司爲這次事故造成的網絡癱瘓致歉。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"這類宕機事件能避免麼"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"頻繁發生的互聯網大規模中斷不禁讓人疑惑，這類宕機事件能避免麼？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"針對 Fastly 技術故障導致的宕機事件，美國"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.delltechnologies.com\/zh-cn\/index.htm","title":"xxx","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"戴爾科技（Dell Technologies）"}]},{"type":"text","text":"高級董事斯蒂芬·吉爾德代爾（Stephen Gilderdale）在接受 BBC 採訪時說，Fastly 這次事故偶有發生，但只要雲端服務商配置足夠的緩存，服務通常會很快恢復正常。他提到：“大多數案例中，服務只會受短暫影響，數據也很容易恢復，遠不值得時刻憂慮。這能展示網絡的可靠程度，甚至有時候問題能在瞬間恢復”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"路透社引述網絡安全企業 "},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/idaxsoftware.com\/","title":"xxx","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Idax Software "}]},{"type":"text","text":"創辦人，英國約克大學客席教授馬克·羅德伯特（Prof Mark Rodbert）說：“短短 10 分鐘內，一個故障就能讓全世界一片混亂，實在不簡單。這令我們意識到雲端的網絡技術改變了企業需要保護的部分環節。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"羅德伯特教授說，企業必須做好防火牆建設，確保整個互聯網不會因爲一家公司甚至是一位僱員出現問題，而徹底癱瘓。"}]}]}