看完 Jamstack 的调查报告，我抓住了最新的 Web 流行趋势

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"近日，Jamstack 社区发布了最新调查报告。调查报告由 Netlify 完成，今年有超过 7000 名社区开发人员受访，是去年的两倍多，受访开发人员大多数是前端或全栈开发者。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"调查报告可以帮助社区在 Jamstack 生态蓬勃发展的同时更好的了解开发者的动态，也让开发者在枯燥的工作中了解社区在做的工作和自身行业动态。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"今天带你走进调查结果一探究竟，看看有哪些技术亮点和有趣的事。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/47\/47740f9c36aef39d38766935bd5b0c15.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"主流技术上的选择"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"JavaScript 在 Web 编程领域仍占主导地位，TypeScript 迅速扩张"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"毫无疑问，JavaScript 仍是社区内大多数开发人员的主要语言，占比达到 55%，相比去年的 63% 有所下降。下降的部分，主要流到了 TypeScript，TypeScript 整体使用率有很大的提升，并且满意度也非常高，一定程度上 TypeScript 拥有最快乐的开发群体。其他像 Python、Go 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Github、Glitch）也很受欢迎。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/63\/639dd42e256f423f326807c93a64e118.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Sketch 失宠，Figma 成设计工具唯一选择"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"对于许多 Web 开发者来说，设计也是很重要的一环。不同于几年前 Sketch 的独霸江湖，在工具上，Jamstack 的设计师们显然更喜欢 Figma，使用率和满意度都是远超其他工具的存在。左下角的其他几款工具 Sketch、Adobe XD、Framer 多少有点尴尬了。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/c4\/c4c15df2bffaac02fe3a27d23c85bb7e.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"WordPress 继续称霸内容管理系统"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"尽管满意度很低，WordPress 还是内容管理系统明显的领导者，WordPress 搭配 Netlify 这样的托管服务提供商虽然不太常见，但是满意度更高。Snaity 和 Strapi 都在 2021 年迎来突破。他们越来越受欢迎，用户量也在提高。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/d9\/d9f6207242ea7e301babf6c2b73f98e0.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"从应用场景了解 Jamstack 为什么这么火"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Jamstack 都被什么行业拿来做什么"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"不仅仅是技术前沿行业，教育、医疗、金融、广告、营销、媒体、出版等主要行业都使用 Jamstack。在 Jamstack 上构建完全动态应用程序的开发人员也越来越多。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/62\/62b6972c61d5446231fd2ccde35f6afb.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"人们总是对你正在构建网站的用户感兴趣，写博客？玩电商？还是构建企业应用？从调查结果来看，前几名的数据非常平均。个人博客网站仍占比最多，其次是企业、电商网站、消费和信息化软件，同时也包括教育、游戏、文档等多种类型的网站服务。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/33\/332195b91fb4ba4fd1efb68450ea9d2d.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Jamstack 开发人员构建了百万用户级的网站"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"社区调查发现，有 32% 的开发人员表示他们在拥有百万用户的大网站上工作，这可以对 Jamstack 架构可扩展性提供有力支持。社区深入挖掘了构建这些受欢迎网站的开发人员的数据。发现他们有不同的开发优先级，他们更关注法律合规性，更重视安全性，更强调移动设备作为目标的重要性。开发人员在网站开发速度、站点性能、正常运行时间等因素上也非常重视。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Jamstack 成为不少学生学习部署的工具"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"社区从调查结果里发现 2021 年的一个重大转变，受访者中学生比例几乎翻了一番。这些学生的经验都在 2 年左右，社区猜测随着 Jamstack 不断成为主流，它已经成为不少教育机构教学新开发人员用到的技术手段。后续会通过更多的信息来证实这一效果。但巨大的年轻新开发者的流入对社区和 Jamstack 都是很好的信号。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/a3\/a33a6e1ba1c5013736afac8121ce243b.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"疫情影响，远程办公成常态，不少人因此失业"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"受疫情影响，许多开发人员转向远程工作。远程办公使许多人出现失业的情况，在工作经验不足一年的人中，有 12% 的人报告说在疫情中失去了工作，而不足两年经验的人中也有 10%。如果不包括那些拥有不到两年经验的人，失去工作的开发人员的比例甚至更高，达到 40%。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"也有不少开发者获得了成功，不但工作远程化了，有的还搬到了偏远地区，并且表示即使疫情结束，也不打算再回到办公司。调查数据还显示，前端比全栈更有可能去远程，DevOps 的远程开发者最多。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/e4\/e4c008e41949d2b9790a25aeeef7706c.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"总结："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"从报告中可以看出，JavaScript 和 React 仍然是 Web 开发主流使用的技术，TypeScript 的发展也非常的快。最近几年不断有 TypeScript 替代 JavaScript 的声音出现，TypeScript 作为 JavaScript 的严格超集，更多的是作为 JavaScript 的补充而不是替代品，两者并行发展才是合理的未来方向。此外无服务器架构、容器服务等领域也是开发者需要关注的趋势。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"因疫情远程办公带来的影响因人而异，所以打铁还需自身硬，强大的技术支撑才能应对复杂的环境变化。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"参考链接："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/jamstack.org\/survey\/2021\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/jamstack.org\/survey\/2021\/"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]}]}]}