鴻蒙生態的2021：像犀牛在叢林飛

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"上個世紀，最偉大的企業不是做產品的公司，而是擁有了標準和專利話語權的公司。進入二十一世紀，這個時代最偉大的企業是生態型企業——餘承東於華爲開發者大會2021（Together）上，提綱挈領地講出了第一句話。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"說句實話，生態這個詞，大家早都耳熟能詳了。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"早在移動互聯網時代，就有許多互聯網企業提出過生態戰略，嘗試將相關合作方都納入到自身業務體系當中，孵化出了不少巨頭，也引發過許多江湖紛爭。這種生態模式，也將原本開源開放的互聯網世界，劃分成了一個個“陣營”。以至於提起生態，總是難免跟 “大者通喫”“平臺經濟”等關鍵詞聯繫在一起。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2021年了，當華爲再度提到生態一詞，想必大衆心中，也有着新的期許——期待一個真正開源開放，純粹的創新創意匯聚之地，讓開發者與合作伙伴都能安心地棲居，自在地生長。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"其實早在華爲將HarmonyOS的基礎能力全部捐贈給開放原子開源基金，我們就感覺到，華爲對生態有着更清醒的定位和期待，而在剛剛過去的HDC大會上，鴻蒙生態傳遞出的信息讓我相信，這是一個不一樣的生態。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/16/1606f602731516ae2a5f15122861ec63.jpeg","alt":null,"title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"聚焦於自身利益，不可能真正偉大；着眼於控制他人，也長不出真正的生態。經過數年時間的發展，鴻蒙生態已經成長爲一個熱帶雨林式的生態系統：有着多元化的物種聚集，十分豐富的資源，同時沒有設限和障礙。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"這一想法，在HDC結束後沉澱了許久，今天也希望跟大家分享，到底怎樣的生態是開發者和全社會所需要的，又有着怎樣的生存法則？","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"詩意地棲居：“生態”的新語境與新定義","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"用一句話形容移動互聯網時代的生態場景，可能是：熙熙攘攘，皆爲利來，利盡而散。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"平臺企業希望匯聚流量、產業鏈資源，相關企業則需要平臺的流量、關聯扶持。由此形成的生態，往往是一個超級平臺，加無數供應商、利益相關企業、被投資企業等等，互聯互通也指的是平臺利益共同體內的資源打通。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"這種由超級平臺定義規則的生態玩法，框定了隱形的邊界，結果是生態裏的用戶與開發者看似自由，但在遷移時會遇到無形的阻礙，以至於出現了“要想加入某生態，供應鏈企業需要先賠錢”“開放生態反而成爲了新的壟斷合謀”等弔詭現象。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"而AI+5G+雲推動的萬物智聯時代，生態一詞終於可以被重新定義了。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"新的生態模式之所以能夠成立，除了全球博弈的壓力及選擇之外，更多地源自於隱藏在時代背景下的三重契機：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"首先，科技創新接棒流量經濟，展現出更長久的生命力。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"傳統生態之所以被詬病，就是因爲流量紅利是有限的，都希望將其留在自家的生態當中，從而變成了爭奪存量的內卷式競爭，技術創新反而成爲其次。但萬物智聯時代，帶來了新技術、新場景、新應用，這些都需要百花齊放的創新創意，跨終端互聯互通、產業數字化、工業4.0等機遇，讓跨界、合作、創新成爲技術發揮價值的前提，封閉反而會導致落後。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第二，數字經濟需要自主創新，呼喚多樣化的選擇。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"數字經濟成爲全球各國撬動增長的關鍵點，傳統的操作系統等選擇相對有限，很難滿足千行百業對多元化數字基礎設施的期待。對於開發者來說，隨着移動互聯網進入穩定期，開發者的創意和能力也需要找到新的釋放區。而新的系統想要成長起來，必須有足夠繁榮的生態支持，只有真正開源開放，才能吸引更多開發者和合作夥伴前來生息和發展。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/a4/a4043a4f5e77c3b9e964e8af93dc4a69.jpeg","alt":null,"title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第三，萬物互聯帶來交互革命，需要全新的技術底座。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"今天許多互聯網用戶身邊都環繞着手機、電腦、平板、電視、汽車、智能穿戴等各種智能設備，而以往廣泛使用的移動操作系統本身存在着許多桎梏，不是爲其他物聯網設備打造的，不同設備之間的數據流通和交互體驗無法做到無縫切換，萬物智聯要讓人們的數字生活變得更加美好，就需要能夠突破硬件界限，託舉起全場景智慧的生態底座。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在這種背景下，鴻蒙生態的誕生絕不只有承壓和悲情，更不是無奈之下的替代品，而是攜帶着廣闊的生機與希望而來。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2019年，鴻蒙系統推出，就定位爲一款全新的基於微內核的面向全場景的分佈式操作系統，爲未來而生。當時華爲的計劃是，用兩三年的時間，可以建立起良好的生態。算算今年可以初見分曉了。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"關於鴻蒙生態的最新成績，大家可能都在許多報道中看到過了，這裏簡單提幾個重要數字，迄今爲止，搭載HarmonyOS的設備數量達1.5億。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"可以肯定的是，鴻蒙生態已經初見規模。當然，我們的讀者自然不會滿足於這一答案，更進一步，或許該問問，爲什麼，以及怎麼辦。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"犀牛在叢林飛：熱帶雨林式的鴻蒙生態","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"人，應該詩意地棲居於大地，是哲學家海德格爾的期待。對於開發者們來說，在一個熱帶雨林般的生態系統中生長，或許可以稱得上“詩意地棲居”。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"比起數據，我們更關心鴻蒙生態爲開發者們提供了怎樣的環境，從而解釋爲什麼HarmonyOS可以成爲史上發展最快的終端操作系統，以及鴻蒙生態的建成之快。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"具體來說，鴻蒙生態有着區別於傳統生態的四個特性：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1.不設障的發展環境。基於創新的異構組網技術，鴻蒙生態實現了跨終端、跨平臺的支持，讓開發者不再受到重重限制。比如，HarmonyOS兼容多種開發框架、多種計算硬件、多種終端設備，開發者不必擔心被捆綁。同時，通過分佈式軟總線，開發者可以自由組合硬件設備，像開發同一終端那樣，開發跨終端分佈式應用，爲用戶打造全場景智慧生活新體驗，獲得業務突破。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/ac/ac86636897760b664dc2f4a389f8151e.jpeg","alt":null,"title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2.多元化的物種匯聚。熱帶雨林之所以重要，正是因爲保留了物種多元性。而鴻蒙生態也通過一系列平臺和工具，讓無論個人開發者、企業開發者，無論手機、平板、電腦、電視、手錶等各種硬件，都能在鴻蒙生態中得到支持。比如華爲就將鴻蒙生態的技術力量注入到終端組件HMS Core中，爲開發者賦能，打造更加優質的App，進一步建立起包括音樂、視頻、郵件、支付等基礎服務的移動生態系統，成爲鴻蒙生態的重要羣落。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"3. 最豐富的資源儲備。熱帶雨林，也是地球上資源最豐富的生態系統，作爲一個熱帶雨林式生態，鴻蒙對開發者的資源支持也是十分豐富多元的。在基礎層，HarmonyOS擁有Harmony設計系統、方舟開發框架、方舟編譯器等重要的開發工具，未來還將帶來全新研發的編程語言，讓開發者可以安心地自主創新。除此之外，原子化服務、一站式集成、一次開發多端部署等等，大大提升了開發效率，幫助開發者獲得新的流量入口。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"4.安全可信的數字世界。安全感是生物繁衍生息的前提，縱觀全球科技巨頭遭遇反壟斷、隱私罰單等事件，就知道構建一個安全可信的數字世界，對於生態繁榮有多重要。作爲一個方興未艾的新生態系統，鴻蒙生態也延續了華爲將網絡和業務安全性保障的責任置於公司的商業利益之上的傳統。堅守着華爲消費者業務安全與隱私保護“四大主張”和“三大承諾”，比如將安全與隱私保障活動嵌入全業務流程，把用戶隱私安全作爲最高優先級，從開機到使用每一步都要做到用戶確認……同時，向生態夥伴開放安全與隱私能力，共築1+8+N全場景安全可信、可持續發展的生態。併發布《HarmonyOS Connect生態設備安全與隱私保護指導書》，讓生態夥伴在開發產品時，有據可依，有跡可循。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/e7/e7e29979ff7b4a87b1195b6ccbc009e1.jpeg","alt":null,"title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"可以想見，鴻蒙生態在嚴格要求開發者及合作伙伴的同時，也在幫助整個業界共同成長。熱帶雨林式的良性生態，從來不是單向的輸出與索取，就像鳥在樹下乘涼，又將種子帶到了遠方，是一場互相成就、共同進化的共榮。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在HDC 2021上，我看到的正是這樣共創繁榮的生態途徑。那麼，鴻蒙生態需要解答的下一個問題就是，開發者和合作夥伴該怎麼在新的生態體系下，打開萬物智聯的產業邏輯？","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"鴻蒙振翅：開啓萬物智聯世界的大門","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"大家可能都聽過蝴蝶效應。1963年，美國氣象學家愛德華·羅倫茲（Edward N.Lorenz）提出，南美洲亞馬遜河流域熱帶雨林中的蝴蝶，偶爾扇動幾下翅膀，兩週後引起美國得克薩斯州的一場颶風。此後，蝴蝶效應就被用來形容，一個微小的變化，也可能影響宏觀事物的走向。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"當無數開發者如同蝴蝶一般，在鴻蒙生態中扇動了翅膀，會如何改變技術格局與產業趨勢？","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"至少在HDC 2021上，有兩個畫面已經成真了。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"畫面一：產業颶風已經襲來。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"鴻蒙生態匯聚着新的技術能力、產業生態、應用場景，也帶來了全新的商業紅利，抓住鴻蒙趨勢的開發者與企業，已經迎來了收穫期。今年流傳最廣的一個新聞是，一款鴻蒙系統上的太空液晶錶盤，下載人數多達300萬+，僅錶盤設計這一個單品項目，作者分成收入達1300萬。迅速生長的鴻蒙生態，讓開發者與用戶體驗，實現了一場雙向奔赴。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"畫面二：蝴蝶風暴蔚然成因。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"作爲萬物智聯的底座，HarmonyOS支撐華爲的“1+8”智能終端設備，HarmonyOSConnect鴻蒙智聯爲IoT設備和生態合作伙伴的設備提供智慧化互聯的能力，共同掀起了一場向萬物智聯的遷徙。扇動翅膀的是無數個開發者，每一個人的力量或許微弱，但合在一起已經開啓了萬物智聯世界的大門，也讓我們看到了生態成型後產業格局終將被改變。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/40/402b916f0b4a0bb81c832ecc041dd11f.jpeg","alt":null,"title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在這個新世界裏，在歷經數年淬鍊之後，我們得以更加清晰地看到鴻蒙生態的存在價值：一個選擇、一個入口、一個未來。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"一個選擇：對全球諸多國家的數字化需求，鴻蒙是多一個選擇，華爲也已做好發展全球生態的準備，與全球開發者共建全新的數字世界。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"一個入口：鴻蒙系統設備不斷增長，鼓舞着全球開發者不斷鑽研創新，廣大用戶的體驗升級也自此而來。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"一個未來：鴻蒙生態所影響的不止消費者體驗，第四次工業革命的產業數字化升級浪潮，也賦予了鴻蒙生態更大的產業潛力，個人生產力與產業生產力疊加，鴻蒙生態只是剛剛開始。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"從這個角度看，鷹擊長空，魚翔淺底，萬類霜天競自由，或許正在到來的萬物智聯時代，比今天鴻蒙所書、大衆所想，都要美好得多。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"這種生態圖景，不正是先哲們等候了一生卻沒有等到的“詩意地棲居”嗎？","attrs":{}}]}]}