企業快速創新的基石——用友 BIP | iuap雲平臺

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":1}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"今天，幾乎沒人再懷疑雲計算的價值和發展空間 —— SaaS 市場空間巨大，能最簡明地爲客戶輸出商業價值，頭部公司市值已破萬億；IaaS 代表了雲計算的最初形態，將基礎設施以“服務”的形式提供給客戶，價值無可替代。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"但在最近幾年，最引人矚目的其實是 PaaS 。據相關機構預測，從 2019 年到 2023 年，中國 PaaS 服務市場年複合增長率將達到 31%，PaaS 業務的收入將佔整個雲收入的 48.5%。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"人們逐漸發現，PaaS 平臺的引入，是企業構建自身技術生態的關鍵一環。PaaS 的本質是軟件模塊的快速構建和高度複用，關注定製化的平臺能力，是企業實現敏捷響應的根本。對於大中型企業而言，能否將業務、技術、數據合併成一個整體，並集中對生態開放和賦能，決定了其最終的發展高度。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"可以說，在創新發展到達一定階段，"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.infoq.cn\/article\/iMOykLN1KExO6lt2xHs8","title":"xxx","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"每一家企業都終將遇見 PaaS"}]},{"type":"text","text":"。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在今天，企業級 PaaS 平臺也迎來了其新的發展挑戰和機遇，大部分人只知道與雲原生、中臺有關，卻不甚詳細。爲了更好地解讀當下企業級 PaaS 平臺的技術發展，我們拜訪了用友，詳細瞭解了用友 iuap 的技術演進和規劃。iuap 是用友商業創新平臺 YonBIP 的 PaaS 雲平臺，也是 用友 BIP 堅實的技術底座，爲用友及平臺生態提供開發、集成、監控、服務治理等 PaaS 服務。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"用友 iuap 的發展歷程，也是國內企業服務軟件技術變革的一個縮影。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"iuap 發展歷程與核心架構"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"用友從 2006 年着手平臺產品研發、沉澱技術能力，發展至今，用友 iuap 服務過上萬家大型客戶，研發成本投入超百億。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2006 年，在《2006-2020 國家信息化發展戰略》的政策鼓勵下，國內企業紛紛投入到信息化建設的大潮中，爲了能夠幫助企業更快速地建設信息化，用友基於應用軟件，沉澱平臺能力，爲 iuap 的出現奠定了基礎。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2010 年，在經過一段時間的技術沉澱之後，用友 iuap 正式進入企業級 ERP 市場，滿足企業定製開發、系統集成的需求。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2014 年，iuap 開始引入雲原生技術，同時完成了從單體應用到分佈式服務架構的升級，從單體應用中抽取出了關鍵的技術服務能力進行組件化封裝，例如分佈式緩存、分佈式鎖、打印、工作流等，更加靈活地服務於企業。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2015 年，隨着企業不斷上雲，iuap 完成了雲原生技術的重構，成爲國內企業服務領域首款完全雲原生的平臺，並同時在平臺之上搭載了 SaaS 服務，例如純雲原生的友雲採、友報賬等。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2018 年，企業對於雲計算的認知逐漸深入，單純的公有云服務不能滿足所有需求，混合雲成爲了新趨勢。因此，iuap 再次升級了架構，採用混合雲架構，全方位打通了雲上雲下用戶、基礎檔案、認證、功能等，並推出了中臺架構。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2020 年，爲了幫助企業快速創新，用友推出了用友商業創新平臺 YonBIP，而 iuap 經過多年的市場培育和架構升級，成爲了用友 BIP 堅實的技術底座，用友行業及領域雲都統一構建在 iuap 之上。"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"今天，中臺化架構能力、多雲適配能力、應用快速構建能力等正在成爲企業服務 PaaS 平臺的核心競爭力。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/wechat\/images\/eb\/ebada9e2df56844c0e95d5648acd6ae4.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"iuap 的整體架構如上圖所示，最底層是雲平臺 IaaS 層，用友實現了多雲適配，目前支持的雲廠商包括華爲雲、阿里雲、騰訊雲、亞馬遜雲科技及自建 IDC；在雲平臺 IaaS 層之上的是技術平臺層，基於雲原生架構提供底層技術支持；在技術平臺層的基礎上，構建了業務中臺、數據中臺、智能中臺、YonBuilder 低代碼開發平臺、YonLinker 連接集成平臺。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"三中臺 —— 重新梳理企服 PaaS 平臺的核心價值"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"iuap 是由三中臺 + 三平臺組成的，“三中臺”包括業務中臺、數據中臺和智能中臺，而“三平臺”包括技術平臺、低代碼開發平臺、連接集成平臺。三中臺是 PaaS 層非常火的概念，三平臺則接近於用友獨創。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"有人說，所謂中臺，就是“企業級能力複用平臺”。而中臺出現至今，其實經歷了從“建”到“拆”的過程，但“拆”不是全拆，而是最終形成“業務中臺”、“"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/xie.infoq.cn\/article\/811c4ce3182d6f3f6e541c720","title":"xxx","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"數據中臺"}]},{"type":"text","text":"”、“智能中臺”的三角穩定體系。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"業務中臺反映的是大多數 PaaS 服務最初的形態和功能，承載的是企業的核心業務能力，是平臺客戶的基本訴求。業務中臺的構建壁壘在於如何深刻地理解客戶業務，並基於理解做模型抽象。用友 iuap 主要是提供企業、用戶、多企業賬號、企業間關係、用戶與企業間關係的社會化建模模型。基於元數據驅動，提供豐富的能力支撐服務，同時用友基於多年的企業服務經驗，提供了企業通用的數智化建模能力。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"但僅有業務中臺是不夠的，單一的業務承載能力對應的是信息化建設，而不是數智化建設 —— 前者是從物理維度過渡到數字維度，後者是要發掘數字價值，併爲業務賦能，實現敏捷響應和商業創新。有一類服務能很好地體現這種數智化建設的趨勢，叫做 BI （商業智能）。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"但 BI 只是一類單一的 SaaS 服務，既不成體系，也無法支持高度定製化，也不能形成長期可持續的 IT 基礎設施。於是，這種需求沉澱在 PaaS 平臺上，成爲了數據中臺和智能中臺。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"數據中臺的出現折射出了企業服務的一個重大變化：企業業務由原來的流程驅動轉變爲數據驅動，數據的價值變得越來越重要，併成爲企業商業創新的關鍵。據瞭解，iuap 數據中臺提供了近百種數據源的數據連接和採集能力、批處理和流式數據處理一體的數據架構、全局智能化的數據管理能力。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"iuap 智能中臺則支持智能識別，還提供了 AI 工作坊支持 AI 算法模型的構建與訓練，預置了豐富的數據智能方案，快速實現數據智能服務。同時，智能中臺還提供了快速、準確、安全、無侵入的軟件機器人——RPA。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"三平臺 —— 聚焦數智化轉型核心訴求"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"用友 iuap 的三平臺架構，則重點反映了用友對當下數智化轉型趨勢的觀察。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"首先是技術平臺層面的雲原生和微服務。全面擁抱雲原生，提供雲原生的開發和運維環境，已經逐漸成爲雲服務的標配，這無需多言 —— 不支持雲原生，就不足以談爲業務賦能，更談不上數智化轉型。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"以 iuap 爲例，很早之前整個平臺就已經基於微服務架構了，但是之前服務拆分的粒度過小，反而增加了企業使用過程中的複雜性。這次升級優化，iuap 重新做了全面的微服務改造，從企業實際需求出發，以單一功能爲拆分原則，徹底解決了之前拆分粒度過小的問題。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"關於低代碼，行業內曾出現諸多爭議，但大部分是因爲混淆了低代碼和無代碼的概念。低代碼本身反映了從“以技術爲本”到“以業務爲本”的數字化轉型核心思想。國外的低代碼企業已經廣泛參與了政府服務項目、金融和醫療企業。企業內常因開發人員水平參差不齊，而形成集團層面的產品優劣，低代碼產品正在最大限度地抹平這種差異。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"根據 Gartner 的研究預測，到 2024 年，低代碼平臺將被應用於 65% 的應用程序開發。事實上，就在今年，國內低代碼開發已經迎來了熱潮，不僅有專注於低代碼賽道的公司，而且很多 IT 大廠、企業服務公司都在入局低代碼。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"爲了幫助企業快速實現數智化轉型，企業服務廠商都在今年重點發展低代碼平臺， YonBuilder 低代碼開發平臺，提供以元數據驅動、點擊拖拽 + 自動化代碼生成和多端編譯的技術，同時還可以與開放平臺、連接集成平臺、DevOps 平臺無縫整合，形成覆蓋開發、集成、測試、 部署、運行、運維的全週期應用構建服務。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"YonLinker 連接集成平臺是實現企業商業快速創新的重要途徑，它能夠快速連接和集成不同的業務應用，提升運轉效率。目前 YonLinker 主要的產品包括混合雲數據集成、"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.infoq.cn\/article\/BUQfskXqPcbVlT0azvJk","title":"xxx","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"OpenAPI"}]},{"type":"text","text":" 網關、主數據管理、雲 ESB 等，還有數十種應用連接器、技術連接器以及數千個 OpenAPI 提供給企業開發人員開包即用。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"iuap 再出新武器：支持多雲適配和 YMS 雲中間件"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"區別於其他雲廠商，用友的優勢在於多年的企業服務經驗，能夠更深入、準確地結合業務應用場景來構建標準化的產品，幫助企業快速響應業務需求。2021 年 6 月，iuap 完成了新一輪的升級優化，從基礎設施層面入手，進行了全面的產品升級和微服務改造。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"升級之後，iuap 變得更加開放了，技術平臺底層實現了多雲適配，通過對不同雲廠商對外接口的抽象、封裝，形成通用屬性和操作，實現微服務框架、監控服務、技術組件等的多雲適配。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"除了多雲適配，iuap 另一重大升級就是推出了 YMS（Yon Middleware Service）雲中間件，解決了資源層適配問題。企業中的各個業務往往是“各自爲政”，很容易出現技術選型不一致，甚至是選型了同一款產品，但版本卻不一樣。這對企業數字化發展造成了很大的阻礙，YMS 雲中間件則提供了統一版本的各種中間件。企業不僅可以在 YMS 中直接選擇適合的產品，還可以實現版本統一升級。同時，YMS 還將具體業務與底層邏輯進行了解耦，對不同數據庫進行了封裝，使用同一種語法就可以使用多種數據庫。從我們獲知的 YMS 的詳細功能特性上，可以明顯感覺到升級後的 iuap 對“開放統一”的重視，如統一技術棧、統一配置中心、統一日誌服務、統一線程管理、統一緩存服務、統一網關服務等等。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"與此同時，iuap 技術平臺做了更開放兼容的設計，主動適配了國內主流的雲平臺。雲計算在國內早已不算新鮮事兒，早佈局者企業內部早已有了自己選型的雲平臺，而晚佈局者似乎也不會只選擇一家雲廠商，因此，開放的多雲適配的 PaaS 平臺才能滿足企業的多種需求；如果說多雲適配是負責“開放”，那 YMS 就是“統一”，YMS 將之前混亂無序的中間件選型與應用都統一管理起來，統一部署、統一應用、統一升級，降低了企業的使用門檻。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"另外， YMS 作爲中間件層對日誌、緩存、分佈式事務等模塊的統一管理，也契合瞭如今雲原生服務非常重要的發展趨勢：與底層充分解耦，並且加強對各個部分的治理。目前比較火的 Service Mesh、Database Mesh，都是這種趨勢的具現。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"當然，除了多雲適配和 YMS 這些特色升級，“鐵三角”業務中臺、數據中臺和智能中臺是 iuap 的核心優勢，也是讓 iuap 在一衆 PaaS 平臺中脫穎而出的關鍵。基於用友多年企業服務經驗，iuap 在企業業財一體、人力、營銷、採購、智能製造等場景中擁有天然優勢，同時提供了從數據獲取、存儲、計算、治理到數據工場再到智能分析，端到端的數據能力。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"與其它 PaaS 平臺不同，iuap 實現了每個模塊的解耦，不強制企業使用整體產品，支持與不同數據產品的組合，這對於已經有部分數據能力的企業來說，是莫大的好處。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"結語"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"未來 PaaS 平臺市場的核心競爭力是什麼？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"用友的觀點是，誰能幫助企業實現數智化業務快速創新，誰就能佔據更多的市場份額。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"因此，除了原有的技術積累和對於企業市場的業務理解，PaaS 平臺更重要的特性應該是“快”，包括研發快、數據分析快、商業決策快。對於很多實體業務而言，只有足夠快才能產生有價值的信息，所以敏捷往往也與真正的商業創新強相關。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我們期待以 iuap 爲代表的企服類 PaaS 產品，能夠幫助企業更快、更智能地進行商業創新，實現企業真正意義上的數智化轉型。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}}]}