二進制包安裝MySQL

#下載mysql的二進制包：

[root@bogon src]# wget http://down.mysql.com/archives/get/file/mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

1創建用戶和組

[root@bogon src]# groupadd -r mysql
[root@bogon src]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin -g mysql mysql

2解壓軟件至/usr/local:

root@bogon ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@bogon ~]# tar -xf mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local
[root@bogon local]# ls
bin  games    lib    libexec  mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64  share
etc  include  lib64  mysql    sbin                                 src

3建立一個軟連接，並將mysql的路徑寫入到環境變量中：

[root@bogon ~]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ /usr/local/mysql
[root@bogon ~]# ll /usr/local/ | grep mysql
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root  47 Sep 26 01:48 mysql -> /usr/local/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/
drwxr-xr-x. 9 root root 129 Sep 26 01:43 mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
[root@bogon ~]# vim /etc//profile.d/mysql.sh 

export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH
[root@bogon ~]# . /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

4創建mysql存放數據的目錄，並修改屬組和屬主爲mysql:

[root@bogon ~]# mkdir /opt/mysql
[root@bogon ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/mysql/
[root@bogon ~]# ll /opt/mysql/ -d
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 6 Sep 25 13:10 /opt/mysql/

5添加環境變量：

[root@bogon ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@bogon ~]# . /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@bogon ~]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin

6初始化數據庫，並記錄下隨機密碼，最後一排結尾即是第一次登陸的隨機密碼:

[root@bogon ~]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/opt/mysql
.......
2018-09-26T05:53:39.169155Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: CyVJ5ZHh;H1f

7修改mysql的配置文件：

[root@bogon ~]# cat > /etc/my.cnf << EOF
> [mysqld]
> datadir = /opt/mysql
> basedir = /usr/local/mysql
> socket = /tmp/mysql.pid
> user = mysql
> skip-name-resolve
> EOF
8修改etc/init.d的配置文件：
[root@lizihan ~]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@lizihan ~]# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld 
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/opt/mysql   修改啓動路徑

8：啓動服務修改密碼：

root@bogon ~]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/opt/mysql/bogon.err'.
. SUCCESS! 
[root@bogon ~]#mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
mysql> set password=password('lzh123!');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)
[root@bogon ~]# vim .my.cnf
[mysql]
user=root
password=lzh123!
[root@lizihan ~]# mysql
mysql>

9.數據庫的備份
#創建數據庫wzy,在庫裏面建haha表

mysql> create database wzy;          #創建數據庫wzy;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> use wzy;
Database changed
mysql> create table haha (id int not null,name char not null,age int not nu
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)           #在wzy數據庫中創建haha表

mysql> desc haha;                                         #查看錶結構
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type    | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id    | int(11) | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| name  | char(1) | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| age   | int(11) | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
mysql> select * from haha;                       #查看haha表的內容
+----+------+-----+
| id | name | age |
+----+------+-----+
|  1 | p    |   3 |
|  1 | 8    |   3 |
|  1 | -    |   3 |
|  1 | ?    |   3 |
+----+------+-----+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526

10.備份數據庫

[root@bogon ~]# mysqldump -uroot -p -h192.168.118.128 --all-databases > all-2018.09.28.sql                   #在備份端上將數據庫備份到all-2018.09.28.sql文件中
Enter password: 
[root@bogon ~]# mysql -uroot -p -h192.168.118.128 -e 'show databases;'
Enter password:                        #查看備份過來的數據庫
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| wzy               |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
12345678910111213

11.刪除wzy數據庫，進行數據恢復

mysql> drop database wzy;                        #模擬誤刪wzy數據庫
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.09 sec)

[root@bogon ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -h192.168.118.128 <all-2018.09.28.sql 
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -h192.168.118.128 -e 'show databases';
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+--------------------+                              #備份數據庫
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| dxk                |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+

1234567891011121314151617
服務端查詢數據庫
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| dxk                |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show tables from dxk;
+---------------+
| Tables_in_dxk |
+---------------+
| haha          |
+---------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

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