從零開始搭建php版蘋果push服務器流程

 

 在應用里加入 Push 功能對於用戶及時獲取信息是非常有幫助的，以前介紹過 iPhone 的 Push (推送通知)功能原理淺析，裏面提到要爲自己的 App 添加推送功能，開發者先要搭建一個推送服務器。

從零開始的php版push服務器搭建流程:
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0.在Mac OS X機器上安裝好XCode, 連接一臺正常的iPhone, 保持平和的心態

APP 開發基礎設置
1.在iPhone Provisioning Portal中建立好APP ID和Device.
2.在Keychain Access.app中生成證書請求CertificateSigningRequest.certSigningRequest(菜單 > Keychain Access > Certificate Assistant > Request a Certificate From a Certificate Authority...).
3.在iPhone Provisioning Portal > Certificates中請求一個證書(點擊Request Certificate,上傳CertificateSigningRequest.certSigningRequest).
4.請求完成後,將證書文件(developer_identity.cer)下載,雙擊導入到Key Chain中.
5.在iPhone Provisioning Portal > Provisioning 中,新建一個Profile, 選擇指定的APP ID和 Devices後生成.
6.將剛剛生成的Profile下載爲*_profile.mobileprovision, 雙擊該文件, 將profile加載到iPhone中.

Push Notification service設置
7.在iPhone Provisioning Portal > App IDs,選擇需要Push服務的App ID, 進入Configure.
8.確認 Enable for Apple Push Notification service ,配置 Development Push SSL Certificate,上傳第2步生成的證書請求.
9.下載生成的aps_developer_identity.cer, 完成Push服務配置.
10.雙擊aps_developer_identity.cer,保存到Key Chain.

生成php Push Notification sender需要的證書文件
11.在Keychain Access.app裏選定這個新證書(Apple Development Push Services*),導出到桌面,保存爲Certificates.p12.
12.運行如下命令:

    openssl pkcs12 -clcerts -nokeys -out cert.pem -in Certificates.p12 
    openssl pkcs12 -nocerts -out key.pem -in Certificates.p12 
    openssl rsa -in key.pem -out key.unencrypted.pem 
    cat cert.pem key.unencrypted.pem > ck.pem

 

獲得php Push Notification sender所需的設備令牌:
13.新建一個View-based Application項目,在$PROJECT_NAMEAppDelegate.m中:
a.粘貼如下代碼:

- (void)applicationDidFinishLaunching:(UIApplication *)app { 
    // other setup tasks here…. 
    [window addSubview:viewController.view]; 
    [self alertNotice:@"" withMSG:@"Initiating Remote Noticationss Are Active" cancleButtonTitle:@"Ok" otherButtonTitle:@""]; 
    [[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerForRemoteNotificationTypes:(UIRemoteNotificationTypeAlert | UIRemoteNotificationTypeBadge |UIRemoteNotificationTypeSound)]; 
} 
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)app didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken:(NSData *)deviceToken { 
    //NSLog(@"devToken=%@",deviceToken); 
    [self alertNotice:@"" withMSG:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"devToken=%@",deviceToken] cancleButtonTitle:@"Ok" otherButtonTitle:@""]; 
} 
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)app didFailToRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithError:(NSError *)err { 
    NSLog(@"Error in registration. Error: %@", err); 
    [self alertNotice:@"" withMSG:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"Error in registration. Error: %@", err] cancleButtonTitle:@"Ok" otherButtonTitle:@""]; 
} 
-(void)alertNotice:(NSString *)title withMSG:(NSString *)msg cancleButtonTitle:(NSString *)cancleTitle otherButtonTitle:(NSString *)otherTitle{ 
    UIAlertView *alert; 
    if([otherTitle isEqualToString:@""]) 
        alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:title message:msg delegate:self cancelButtonTitle:cancleTitle otherButtonTitles:nil,nil]; 
    else 
        alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:title message:msg delegate:self cancelButtonTitle:cancleTitle otherButtonTitles:otherTitle,nil]; 
    [alert show]; 
    [alert release]; 
}

b.在 - (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions { 方法中增加

    [self alertNotice:@"" withMSG:@"Initiating Remote Noticationss Are Active" cancleButtonTitle:@"Ok" otherButtonTitle:@""]; 
    [[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerForRemoteNotificationTypes:(UIRemoteNotificationTypeAlert | UIRemoteNotificationTypeBadge |UIRemoteNotificationTypeSound)];

14.項目設置
a.Targets > $APP_NAME > context menu > Properties > Identifier
    修改 identifier 爲App ID
b.Targets > $APP_NAME > context menu > Build > Code Signing > Code Signing Identifier > Any iPhone OS Device
    指定 iPhone Developer 爲開發用機
15.編譯並運行後會在iPhone上顯示設備令牌

16.php Push Notification sender代碼如下:

<?php 
$deviceToken = "設備令牌"; 

$body = array("aps" => array("alert" => 'message', "badge" => 1, "sound" => 'received5.caf')); 

$ctx = stream_context_create(); 
stream_context_set_option($ctx, "ssl", "local_cert", "ck.pem"); 

$fp = stream_socket_client("ssl://gateway.sandbox.push.apple.com:2195", $err, $errstr, 60, STREAM_CLIENT_CONNECT, $ctx); 
if (!$fp) { 
    print "Failed to connect $err $errstrn"; 
    return; 
} 
print "Connection OK\n"; 
$payload = json_encode($body); 
$msg = chr(0) . pack("n",32) . pack('H*', str_replace(' ', '', $deviceToken)) . pack("n",strlen($payload)) . $payload; 
print "sending message :" . $payload . "\n"; 
fwrite($fp, $msg); 
fclose($fp); 
?>

 

APNs 是一個基於流的 TCP socket，你的 provider 以 SSL 協議與其通訊。推送通知（包括載體）是以二進制流的方式發送的。和APNs 建立連接後，你可以維持該連接並在連接中斷之前發送多個通知。

技巧： 應避免每發送一次推送通知就建立、關閉一次連接。頻繁的建立、關閉連接可能會被 APNs 認爲是 DOS 攻擊，從而拒絕發送 provider 的推送通知發送請求。