組播綜合實驗
如下拓撲:
實驗需求:
- 如圖所示,要求在網絡中部署PIM-SM協議且以靜態方式指定R2爲RP。
- 用戶側網絡配置IGMPv2協議,同時需要儘可能地降低用戶側網絡資源消耗,提高安全性。
- R5和R6連接接收者,要求在R5和RP之間建立RPT。
- R4連接重要的用戶網絡,當用戶加入組播組238.1.1.1組後,需要馬上就能收到組播數據
實驗分析
- 在路由器上配置PIM-SM,靜態配置R2爲RP
- 用戶側配置IGMPv2,並配置IGMP Snooping
- 客戶端DR負責向RP建立RPT,根據DR的選舉規則,將R5接口的DR優先級設置大於1(DR默認優先級爲1)
- 在R4的下游接口,配置靜態加組。當PC1需要組播數據,發送成員關係報告,R4就會有組播轉發表項,會立即轉發組播報文
基礎配置
- PC配置
# PC1
IP:192.168.1.1
NETMASK:255.255.255.0
GATEWAY:192.168.1.254
--------------------------
# PC2
IP:192.168.2.1
NETMASK:255.255.255.0
GATEWAY:192.168.2.254
--------------------------
# PC3
IP:192.168.2.2
NETMASK:255.255.255.0
GATEWAY:192.168.2.254
- 服務器配置
IP:172.16.1.1
NETMASK:255.255.255.0
GATEWAY:172.16.1.254
- 路由器配置
#
sysname AR1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 172.16.1.254 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 10.1.12.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
ip address 10.1.13.1 255.255.255.0
#
sysname AR2
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 10.1.12.2 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 10.1.23.2 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
ip address 10.1.25.2 255.255.255.0
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
R2的環回口方便靜態配置R2爲RP
#
sysname AR3
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 10.1.13.3 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 10.1.23.3 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
ip address 10.1.36.3 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet2/0/0
ip address 10.1.34.3 255.255.255.0
#
sysname AR4
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 10.1.34.4 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 192.168.1.254 255.255.255.0
#
sysname AR5
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 10.1.25.5 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 192.168.2.3 255.255.255.0
#
sysname AR6
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 10.1.36.6 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 192.168.2.4 255.255.255.0
配置VRRP
[AR5]int g0/0/1
[AR5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 192.168.2.254
[AR6]int g0/0/1
[AR6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 192.168.2.254
配置OSPF
- 實現全網互通
[AR1]ospf
[AR1-ospf-1]area 0
[AR1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255
[AR1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 10.1.13.0 0.0.0.255
[AR1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 10.1.12.0 0.0.0.255
[AR2]ospf
[AR2-ospf-1]area 0
[AR2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
[AR2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 10.1.12.0 0.0.0.255
[AR2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 10.1.23.0 0.0.0.255
[AR2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 10.1.25.0 0.0.0.255
[AR3]ospf
[AR3-ospf-1]area 0
[AR3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 10.1.13.0 0.0.0.255
[AR3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 10.1.23.0 0.0.0.255
[AR3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 10.1.34.0 0.0.0.255
[AR3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 10.1.36.0 0.0.0.255
[AR4]ospf
[AR4-ospf-1]area 0
[AR4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
[AR4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 10.1.34.0 0.0.0.255
[AR5]ospf
[AR5-ospf-1]area 0
[AR5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255
[AR5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 10.1.25.0 0.0.0.255
[AR6]ospf
[AR6-ospf-1]area 0
[AR6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255
[AR6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 10.1.36.0 0.0.0.255
測試PC與組播服務器之間的連通性
配置PIM
[AR1]multicast routing-enable //開啓組播功能
[AR1]int g0/0/0
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]pim sm
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]pim sm
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]pim sm
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]pim
[AR1-pim]static-rp 2.2.2.2 //靜態配置R2爲RP
# R2配置與R1相同
[AR3]multicast routing-enable
[AR3]interface g0/0/0
[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]pim sm
[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]interface g0/0/1
[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]pim sm
[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]interface g0/0/2
[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]pim sm
[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]interface g2/0/0
[AR3-GigabitEthernet2/0/0]pim sm
[AR3-GigabitEthernet2/0/0]pim
[AR3-pim]static-rp 2.2.2.2
[AR4]multicast routing-enable
[AR4]interface g0/0/0
[AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]pim sm
[AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]interface g0/0/1
[AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]pim sm
[AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]pim
[AR4-pim]static-rp 2.2.2.2
# R5、R6配置與R4相同
必須先配置PIM再配置IGMP!
配置IGMP
[AR4]int g0/0/1
[AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]igmp enable
[AR5]int g0/0/1
[AR5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]igmp enable
[AR6]int g0/0/1
[AR6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]igmp enable
IGMP默認版本爲IGMPv2
開啓IGMP Snooping
[SW1]igmp-snooping enable
實驗過程中這裏配置後,PC端無法接收到組播流量
配置靜態加組
[AR4]int g0/0/1
[AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]igmp static-group 238.1.1.1
修改優先級
[AR5]int g0/0/1
[AR5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]pim hello-option dr-priority 100 //修改DR的優先級
測試
- 服務器、PC配置組播組爲238.1.1.1
- 配置完組播地址,一定要點目的MAC!
- 在PC端接受組播源的組播流量
實驗易錯點:
- RP的環回口地址沒有加入OSPF(也可以指定物理接口)
- 檢查交換機的是否開啓了組播功能
以上內容均屬原創,如有不詳或錯誤,敬請指出。