|
這個問題主要出現在XP環境下運行由Visual C++2003/2005編譯的MFC程序時
問題現象是XP運行此類程序時,報錯"由於應用程序配置不正確,應用程序未能啓動.重新安裝應用程序可能會糾正這個問題"
這個問題似乎許多人遇見過.在CSDN和微軟社區裏面都有人提到.但是沒有完整的解決方案
這個問題的解決一共會遇見2個子問題
下面是一張可能發生衝突的列表
若要使用此運行時庫 請忽略這些庫
單線程 (libc.lib) libcmt.lib、msvcrt.lib、libcd.lib、libcmtd.lib、msvcrtd.lib
多線程 (libcmt.lib) libc.lib、msvcrt.lib、libcd.lib、libcmtd.lib、msvcrtd.lib
使用 DLL 的多線程 (msvcrt.lib) libc.lib、libcmt.lib、libcd.lib、libcmtd.lib、msvcrtd.lib
調試單線程 (libcd.lib) libc.lib、libcmt.lib、msvcrt.lib、libcmtd.lib、msvcrtd.lib
調試多線程 (libcmtd.lib) libc.lib、libcmt.lib、msvcrt.lib、libcd.lib、msvcrtd.lib
使用 DLL 的調試多線程 (msvcrtd.lib) libc.lib、libcmt.lib、msvcrt.lib、libcd.lib、libcmtd.lib
最早出現這個錯誤我和許多人認爲的一樣
認爲是缺乏DLL庫文件導致.但是在測試機複製了DLL甚至安裝了.net framework 2.0以後
都無法解決問題,最後確認不是由缺乏DLL所致
因爲程序是純win32的應用程,非託管代碼,所以也無需.net framework
Visual C++2003/2005默認的MFC程序是使用動態MFC庫(Use MFC in a Shared DLL)來鏈接的
而動態MFC庫使用的是Multi-threaded DLL (/MD)
由於XP對於PE文件格式監測更加嚴格.
就會導致部分使用多線程DLL的可執行文件在調用的時候出錯
修改項目屬性的編譯開關
Project->Property->configuration Properties->C/C++->Code Generation->Runtime Library
修改成Multi-threaded (/MT)
修改了Runtime類型以後
需要將MFC的編譯類型也改成靜態庫
Project->Property->configuration Properties->General->Use of MFC
修改成Use MFC in a Static Library
一部分情況下在這步就能解決問題
另外一部分情況會遇見如下情況
編譯器報錯
CODE:
nafxcw.lib(afxmem.obj) : error LNK2005: "void * __cdecl operator new[](unsigned int)" (??_U@YAPAXI@Z) already defined in libcpmt.lib(newaop.obj)
[Copy to clipboard]
產生這個問題的原因是庫依賴關係
在Project->Property->configuration Properties->Linker->Command Line
加入編譯開關/verbose:lib可以顯示詳細的庫鏈接順序
CODE:
------ Build started: Project: PerfMonDemo, Configuration: Release Win32 ------
Linking...
Searching libraries
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/pdh.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/lib/DelayImp.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/lib/libcpmt.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/atlmfc/lib/nafxcw.lib:
nafxcw.lib(afxmem.obj) : error LNK2005: "void * __cdecl operator new[](unsigned int)" (??_U@YAPAXI@Z) already defined in libcpmt.lib(newaop.obj)
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/lib/libcmt.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/kernel32.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/user32.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/gdi32.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/msimg32.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/comdlg32.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/winspool.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/advapi32.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/shell32.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/comctl32.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/shlwapi.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/uuid.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/oledlg.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/ole32.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/oleaut32.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/urlmon.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/lib/OLDNAMES.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/atlmfc/lib/atls.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/ws2_32.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/mswsock.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/oleacc.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/pdh.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/lib/DelayImp.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/lib/libcpmt.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/atlmfc/lib/nafxcw.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/lib/libcmt.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/kernel32.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/user32.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/gdi32.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/msimg32.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/comdlg32.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/winspool.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/advapi32.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/shell32.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/comctl32.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/shlwapi.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/uuid.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/oledlg.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/ole32.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/oleaut32.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/urlmon.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/lib/OLDNAMES.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/atlmfc/lib/atls.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/ws2_32.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/mswsock.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/oleacc.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/pdh.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/lib/DelayImp.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/lib/libcpmt.lib:
Finished searching libraries
Searching libraries
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/pdh.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/lib/DelayImp.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/lib/libcpmt.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/atlmfc/lib/nafxcw.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/lib/libcmt.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/kernel32.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/user32.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/gdi32.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/msimg32.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/comdlg32.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/winspool.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/advapi32.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/shell32.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/comctl32.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/shlwapi.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/uuid.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/oledlg.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/ole32.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/oleaut32.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/urlmon.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/lib/OLDNAMES.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/atlmfc/lib/atls.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/ws2_32.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/mswsock.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/oleacc.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/lib/pdh.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/lib/DelayImp.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/lib/libcpmt.lib:
Searching d:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/atlmfc/lib/nafxcw.lib:
Finished searching libraries
./Release/PerfMonDemo.exe : fatal error LNK1169: one or more multiply defined symbols found
Build log was saved at "file://d:/Dev/Performance Monitor/Release/BuildLog.htm"
PerfMonDemo - 2 error(s), 0 warning(s)
========== Build: 0 succeeded, 1 failed, 0 up-to-date, 0 skipped ==========
[Copy to clipboard]
我們發現在libcpmt.lib聲明過的operator new在nafxcw.lib中再次定義
解決方法如下
Project->Property->configuration Properties->Linker->Input->Additional Dependencies
加入
nafxcw.lib
libcpmt.lib
Project->Property->configuration Properties->Linker->Input->Ignore Specific Library
加入
nafxcw.lib
libcpmt.lib
這樣鏈接程序就不會先按照默認順序來連接這兩個庫文件
而是在最後在加入對他們的引用.這樣就避免了這個問題
下面是一張可能發生衝突的列表
若要使用此運行時庫 請忽略這些庫
單線程 (libc.lib) libcmt.lib、msvcrt.lib、libcd.lib、libcmtd.lib、msvcrtd.lib
多線程 (libcmt.lib) libc.lib、msvcrt.lib、libcd.lib、libcmtd.lib、msvcrtd.lib
使用 DLL 的多線程 (msvcrt.lib) libc.lib、libcmt.lib、libcd.lib、libcmtd.lib、msvcrtd.lib
調試單線程 (libcd.lib) libc.lib、libcmt.lib、msvcrt.lib、libcmtd.lib、msvcrtd.lib
調試多線程 (libcmtd.lib) libc.lib、libcmt.lib、msvcrt.lib、libcd.lib、msvcrtd.lib
使用 DLL 的調試多線程 (msvcrtd.lib) libc.lib、libcmt.lib、msvcrt.lib、libcd.lib、libcmtd.lib
|
