自动驾驶基础架构演进中的矛盾与思考

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"滴滴开始做自动驾驶可以追溯到2016年。4年来，整个行业经历过大众的狂欢与围观，也经历过资本的追捧与冷静。由于今天的技术还处于比较早期，自动驾驶作为“还没有被真正做成“的事情，外界对技术长期主义的不解与质疑也客观存在。本文将从自动驾驶基础架构面临的挑战出发，客观聊聊在技术演进过程中，这个方向上的一些矛盾权衡以及背后思考。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"关于自动驾驶基础架构"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"基础架构在互联网行业中，是一个相对比较成熟的领域。然而在自动驾驶领域，却是一个新鲜的话题。基础架构的工作包括硬件、onboard（车载系统）、云端三大板块。在我们认为，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"自动驾驶领域中 “基础架构” 的核心价值，是为自动驾驶提供恰到好处的、全方位的技术保障。在自动驾驶系统中，如果说感知是眼睛，规划是大脑，那么基础架构就是神经系统，将自动驾驶软件系统与车辆紧密的联系在一起。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/wechat\/images\/63\/638c1fb4d6c477106e884702f0e95ebe.jpeg","alt":null,"title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":"center","origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"自动驾驶中的基础架构相关工作"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"然而在近几年的探索中，我们发现随着自动驾驶技术的演进，种种基于安全、效率、体验等方面的考虑也更加苛刻。基础架构的工作不仅仅是为软件算法提供支持，还需要在硬件、效率、功能安全等多个方面进行权衡。而基础架构工作本身，则是在三个主要技术矛盾之间进行权衡。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"技术的主要矛盾"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1. 快速迭代与功能安全的矛盾"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"传统的互联网企业，其核心技术竞争力在于快速迭代。通过缩短迭代的周期，来加速功能的升级，进而在市场上获取先发制人的竞争力。而传统的汽车行业，则往往需要四至八年作为一个迭代周期，以尽可能地确保功能安全。可见，“快速迭代” 和 “功能安全” 从时间的维度上看本身就是矛盾的。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}}]}